Genetic and Environmental Influences on Addiction

遗传和环境对成瘾的影响

• 批准号: 9918880
• 负责人: Teresa A Milner
• 金额: $ 14.69万
• 依托单位: WEILL MEDICAL COLL OF CORNELL UNIV
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-07-01 至 2022-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9918880
• 关键词: Genetic; addiction

Abstract: Understanding how genetic and environmental factors impact drug use and abuse may be critical for addiction prevention and diagnosis, as well as the development of novel effective addiction therapeutics. This application plans to provide 3 predoctoral training slots (for ~2 yrs, starting in the 2nd yr) in the Weill Cornell Graduate School (WCGS) Neuroscience and Pharmacology Programs aimed at understanding the impact of genes and environment on drug addiction. A unique feature of this training plan is the diversity of faculty expertise in both genetic (e.g. sex, single nucleotide polymorphisms, gene splice variants, dendritic/axonal translation, and epigenetics) and environmental (maternal environment, developmental stage, and stress) factors that are essential for the emergence of addictive disease. Our faculty is also noteworthy for the breadth of the approaches they bring to addiction science; we have expertise in studying how several major abused drugs (i.e. opiates, cocaine, and other psychostimulants) impact neuronal function from the expression and behavior of single molecules to the performance of complex functional systems that regulate the behavior of rodents and humans. In addition to our talented faculty, this training grant will take advantage of the WCGS outstanding research environment, educational resources, and recruiting activities, particularly our history of attracting and training under-represented minorities as basic and clinical scientists. Particular strengths of the training grant include: 1) the experience of the Director and Co-Director in mentoring, teaching and drug abuse research; 2) the broad scope of multidisciplinary research training provided by the faculty; 3) extensive collaborations and co-mentoring between the faculty; and 4) the strong emphasis on “bench-to- bedside” translational research. Training grant faculty will be divided into three groups: 1) Major Sponsors: graduate student thesis mentors with NIDA mission supported research programs; 2) Training Sponsors: individuals with extensive experience in drug abuse research who will work closely with Major Sponsors and their trainees; and 3) Minor Sponsors: individuals with NIDA- mission interests who will collaborate with Major Sponsors and their trainees. Resource Cores comprised of training grant faculty from all three groups will be established to provide a platform for students to incorporate approaches from multiple laboratories into their PhD thesis work. Beyond the laboratory, a new course entitled “Addiction and Society” developed by a group of graduate students in consultation with faculty, as well as a Drug Abuse focused retreat and WCGS developed programs in grant-preparation, will provide students with important training experiences in teaching, grantsmanship, and networking that will be essential for their career development. These courses together with the existing coursework and curricula, symposia and lectures, as well as each students individual training plan, will provide a solid foundation for the development of independent basic and clinical scientists in drug abuse research.

抽象的： 了解遗传和环境因素如何影响药物使用和滥用可能对于 成瘾预防和诊断，以及开发新型有效的成瘾疗法。 该申请计划在威尔提供3个博士前培训名额（约2年，从第二年开始） 康奈尔研究生院 (WCGS) 神经科学和药理学项目旨在了解 基因和环境对毒瘾的影响该训练计划的一个独特之处是多样性。 遗传方面的教师专业知识（例如性别、单核苷酸多态性、基因剪接变异、 树突/轴突翻译和表观遗传学）和环境（母体环境、发育 阶段和压力）对于成瘾疾病的出现至关重要的因素也是如此。 值得注意的是，他们为成瘾科学带来了广泛的方法，我们拥有研究方面的专业知识； 几种主要滥用药物（即阿片类药物、可卡因和其他精神兴奋剂）如何影响神经元 功能从单个分子的表达和行为到复杂功能的表现 除了我们才华横溢的教师之外，这种培训还包括调节啮齿动物和人类行为的系统。 赠款将利用 WCGS 优秀的研究环境、教育资源和 招聘活动，特别是我们吸引和培训代表性不足的少数群体作为基本原则的历史 培训资助的具体优势包括： 1) 主任和临床科学家的经验。 指导、教学和药物滥用研究联合主任；2) 广泛的多学科范围； 教师提供的研究培训；3）教师之间的广泛合作和共同指导； 4) 重点强调“从实验室到临床”的转化研究，培训资助教师。 分为三组： 1）主要赞助商：NIDA 任务支持的研究生论文导师 研究计划；2) 培训赞助者：在药物滥用研究方面具有丰富经验的个人 将与主要赞助商及其学员密切合作；以及 3) 次要赞助商：具有 NIDA- 的个人 将与主要赞助商及其资源核心人员合作的使命利益相关者。 将设立来自所有三个组的培训资助教师，为学生提供一个平台 多个实验室的方法进入他们的博士论文工作超越实验室，一个新的。 题为“成瘾与社会”的课程由一组研究生与 教职人员以及以药物滥用为重点的务虚会和 WCGS 制定的拨款准备计划，将 为学生提供教学、资助和网络方面的重要培训经验 这些课程与现有的课程和课程一起，对于他们的职业发展至关重要。 研讨会和讲座，以及每个学生的个人培养计划，将为他们提供坚实的基础 药物滥用研究中独立基础和临床科学家的发展。