The ESPINA Study Follow-up Examination in 2016: Environmental Pollutants and Child/Adolescent Development

2016年ESPINA研究跟踪检查：环境污染物与儿童/青少年发展

• 批准号: 9905409
• 负责人: Jose Ricardo Suarez
• 金额: $ 47.72万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-04-01 至 2022-05-19
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9905409
• 关键词: Acetylcholine; Acetylcholinesterase; Address; Adolescence; Adolescent; Adolescent Development; Adrenal Glands; Adrenal hormone preparation; Affect; Age; Agriculture; Animals; Anxiety; Attention; Behavior; Blood; Brain; Carbamates; Child; Childhood; Chlorinated Hydrocarbons; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Chronic; Communities; County; Data; Dose; Ecuador; Endocrine disruption; Environment; Environmental Pollutants; Exposure to; Flowers; Follow-Up Studies; Food; Food Chain; Fumigation; Future; Gonadal Steroid Hormones; Harvest; Home environment; Hormones; House Dust; Insecticides; Investigation; Lice; Link; Measures; Memory; Mental Depression; Mental Health; Mental disorders; Modification; Mothers; Muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptor; Neurodevelopmental Disability; Nicotinic Receptors; Occupational; Organophosphates; Outcome; Participant; Pathway interactions; Performance; Pest Control; Pesticides; Physiological; Predisposition; Prevention program; Production; Publishing; Rattus; Recommendation; Reporting; Research; Risk Assessment; Role; Sample Size; Sampling; Scabies; Source; Symptoms; Testing; Time; Toxic effect; aged; agricultural community; anxiety symptoms; boys; cohort; depressive symptoms; design; disorder prevention; epidemiology study; exposure pathway; follow-up; girls; improved; neurobehavior; neurobehavioral; neurotoxicity; pesticide exposure; public health relevance; sex; volunteer

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Neurodevelopmental disabilities and mental health disorders are prevalent and have been steadily increasing in US children over the last 2 decades. Worldwide pesticide use is at an all-time high as agricultural mass production continues to expand. People are exposed to pesticides through fumigated food, pest control in their homes and communities, and during certain approved treatments for lice and scabies. The most commonly used classes of insecticides worldwide are neonicotinoids and cholinesterase inhibitors, including organophosphate and carbamates. Older pesticides, such as organochlorines, are of present concern because they are persistent and are still detected in the environment and people, even though many were banned 40 years ago. Organophosphates, and to a lesser extent organochlorines, have been associated with neurobehavioral delays in children and there is growing evidence that boys are more sensitive to exposures than girls. Neonicotinoids have not been studied in this context among children. In 2008, we examined 313 children (ages 4-9 y) living in floricultural communities in Ecuador in the Secondary Pesticide Exposure on Children and Adolescents (ESPINA) study. The objective of the proposed study is to conduct a follow-up of ESPINA participants in 2016 and supplement the sample with new volunteers for a total of 410 participants (ages 12-17 y). We will assess, longitudinally, the associations of pesticide exposures with neurobehavior and symptoms of anxiety and depression. We propose 2 exams: an Abbreviated exam during the peak of Mother's Day flower production (Apr 2016) and a Full exam soon after the harvest (Jul/Aug 2016). We will investigate the following associations (hypotheses): 1) Pesticide exposures (cholinesterase inhibitors, neonicotinoids and OCPs) are associated with long-term neurobehavioral alterations, and will assess whether boys are more susceptible than girls. 2) Pesticide exposures are associated with anxiety and depression symptoms. 3) Pesticide exposures are associated with transient neurobehavioral alterations. We will assess change of AChE activity and scores of attention and inhibition between the Abbreviated and Full exams. We will also test whether time since the flower harvest is positively associated with neurobehavioral performance in the full battery of assessments. As a secondary aim, we will assess whether adrenal and sex hormones modify the associations of pesticide exposures with mental health outcomes. Impact: Few epidemiologic studies have assessed pesticide exposures in relation to mental health for extended periods of time, and we know of no published studies on adolescents. ESPINA 2016 will address how pesticide exposure relates to mental health symptoms longitudinally, and will provide, for the first time, repeated assessments of short-term neurobehavioral changes associated with pesticide exposures in children.

 描述（由适用提供）：在过去的20年中，神经发育障碍和心理健康障碍很普遍，美国儿童悄悄地增加了。随着农业质量产量的不断扩大，全球农药的使用处于历史最高水平。人们通过熏制的食物，在家里和社区中的害虫控制以及在某些批准的虱子和sc疮治疗期间暴露于农药。全球最常用的杀虫剂类别是新烟碱类和胆碱酯酶抑制剂，包括有机磷酸盐和碳酸盐。较旧的农药（例如有机氯）令人担忧，因为它们是持久的，并且在环境和人民中仍被发现，即使许多人在40年前被禁止。有机磷酸盐和较小程度的有机氯与儿童的神经行为延迟有关，越来越多的证据表明，男孩比女孩对暴露更敏感。在儿童中，新烟碱素尚未研究。 2008年，我们检查了313名儿童（4-9岁）居住在厄瓜多尔的花卉群落中，对儿童和青少年（ESPINA）研究的继发性农药暴露。拟议的研究的目的是在2016年对ESPINA参与者进行随访，并为样本补充新志愿者，共有410名参与者（12-17岁年龄）。我们将纵向评估农药暴露与神经行为的关联以及焦虑和抑郁的症状。我们提出了2次考试：母亲节生产高峰期（2016年4月）和收获后不久（2016年8月）进行完整考试。我们将研究以下关联（假设）：1）农药暴露（胆碱酯酶抑制剂，新烟碱和OCP）与长期神经行为改变有关，并将评估男孩是否比女孩更易感。 2）农药暴露与焦虑和抑郁症状有关。 3）农药暴露与短暂的神经行为改变有关。我们将评估缩写和完整考试之间的ACHE活性的变化以及注意力和抑制。我们还将测试在全部评估中，花朵收成以来的时间是否与神经行为的表现呈正相关。作为次要目的，我们将评估肾上腺和性恐怖是否会改变农药暴露与心理健康结果的关联。影响：很少有流行病学研究长期评估了与心理健康有关的农药暴露，我们知道没有关于青少年的已发表研究。 ESPINA 2016将解决农药暴露与心理健康症状的纵向关系，并首次对与儿童农药暴露有关的短期神经行为变化进行重复评估。