Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans

人类致癌风险评估

基本信息

批准号：
9762845
负责人：
MARY K. SCHUBAUER-BERIGAN
金额：
$ 89.4万
依托单位：
INTERNATIONAL AGENCY FOR RES ON CANCER
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
1985
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
1985-09-01 至 2021-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9762845
关键词：
Achievement Animals Biological Products Cancer Control Carcinogenesis Mechanism Carcinogens Characteristics Chemicals Collaborations Communities Complex Mixtures Conflict of Interest Consensus Country Data Databases Documentation Ensure Environmental and Occupational Exposure Evaluation Exposure to Freedom Funding Future Goals Government Guidelines Hazard Identification Health Human Income International International Agency for Research on Cancer Literature Malignant Neoplasms Measures Methodology Methods Monograph National Toxicology Program Preventable cancer cause Procedures Process Public Health Publications Research Risk Science Social Network Source Stream Technology Test Result Time U-Series Cooperative Agreements Weight World Health Organization anticancer research base carcinogenicity digital evidence base experience exposed human population health assessment improved interest lifestyle factors low and middle-income countries meetings news novel prevent programs public health relevance systematic review tool web-based tool working group

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans is an international evidence-based approach to carcinogen hazard identification initiated in 1971. The overall objective is to identify preventable causes o cancer. This is advanced by conducting authoritative evaluations of suspected carcinogens and disseminating the results through multiple media. Because a broad range of exposures may contribute to human cancer, carcinogen evaluations encompass environmental and occupational exposures, physical and biological agents, chemicals, complex mixtures and lifestyle factors. Almost 1000 agents have been evaluated to date, with 114 classified as carcinogenic and 352 as probably or possibly carcinogenic to humans. Agents are selected for evaluation based on evidence of human exposure, suspicion of carcinogenicity, and public health importance. Each IARC Monograph includes systematic reviews of the pertinent scientific literature and an evaluation of the weight of the evidence that an agent or exposure may be carcinogenic to humans. Monographs are developed by Working Groups selected on the principles of including the best-qualified experts and avoiding conflicts of interest. Nationa and international health agencies use the IARC Monographs as a trustworthy source of scientific information and as the scientific basis for their efforts to control cancer. The specifc aims of this project are to: organize at least 10 Monograph meetings to evaluate candidate carcinogenic agents of high global relevance and concern; convene Working Groups that are scientifically rigorous, respected, and free of conflict of interest; enhance the systematic search evaluation and documentation of scientific data for carcinogen evaluations; advance the use of mechanistic data in carcinogen evaluations; promote wide dissemination of evaluation results and engage in collaborations with national and international organizations to improve the science and practice of evaluating potential carcinogens. Important new initiatives in the proposed project period are to: expand the spectrum of mechanistic data considered in making evaluations to additional data streams, such as high-throughput test results; further systematize the review of mechanistic data according to key characteristics of carcinogens; introduce new working procedures and Web-based tools to enhance the documentation of the search for and evaluation of relevant literature on cancer in humans, cancer in experimental animals, and relevant mechanisms.

说明（由申请人提供）：IARC 人类致癌风险评估专着是 1971 年发起的一种基于国际证据的致癌物危害识别方法。总体目标是确定癌症的可预防原因。这是通过开展权威性研究而推进的。对可疑致癌物进行评估并通过多种媒体传播结果由于多种接触可能导致人类癌症，因此致癌物评估涵盖环境和职业接触、物理和生物接触。迄今为止，已对近 1000 种物质进行了评估，其中 114 种被归类为致癌物质，352 种被归类为可能或可能对人类致癌。根据人类接触证据、怀疑致癌性、每个 IARC 专着都包括对相关科学文献的系统回顾，以及对由工作开发的物质或暴露可能致癌的证据的权重的评估。根据包括最合格的专家和避免利益冲突的原则选出的团体将 IARC 专着作为值得信赖的科学信息来源，并作为其控制癌症具体目标的科学基础。该项目的目标是：组织至少 10 次专题会议，评估具有高度全球相关性和关注度的候选致癌剂；召集科学严谨、受人尊重且无利益冲突的工作组；加强科学数据的系统检索评估和记录；促进致癌物评估中机械数据的使用；促进评估结果的广泛传播，并与国家和国际组织合作，以改进潜在致癌物评估的科学和实践。：将评估时考虑的机械数据范围扩大到其他数据流，例如高通量测试结果；根据致癌物的关键特性进一步系统化机械数据审查；并引入新的工作程序；基于网络的工具，用于增强对人类癌症、实验动物癌症以及相关机制相关文献的搜索和评估的记录。