Examining Obesity Declines Among School Children: The Role of Changes in the Food and Physical Activity Environments

检查学童肥胖下降情况：食物和身体活动环境变化的作用

• 批准号: 9754255
• 负责人: Punam Ohri-Vachaspati
• 金额: $ 72.49万
• 依托单位: RUTGERS, THE STATE UNIV OF N.J.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-09-15 至 2021-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9754255
• 关键词: 18 year old; Address; Adult; Age; Attention; Cardiovascular Diseases; Child; Childhood; Cities; Collection; Communities; Country; Data; Data Quality; Dyslipidemias; Environment; Environmental Exposure; Ethnic Origin; Ethnic group; Exhibits; Food; Funding; Gender; Goals; Height; High Prevalence; Home environment; Household; Hypertension; Insulin Resistance; Intervention; Knowledge; Link; Locales; Low income; Measures; National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; New Brunswick; New Jersey; Nurses; Obesity; Outcome; Physical activity; Pilot Projects; Prevention; Protocols documentation; Race; Recommendation; Reporting; Research; Role; School Nursing; School-Age Population; Schools; Source; Students; Subgroup; Surveys; Time; Weight; Work; base; cardiovascular disorder risk; cardiovascular risk factor; cohort; design; drinking water; environmental change; environmental intervention; experience; high risk; improved; obesity in children; prospective; school district; sound; trend; urban school

Project Summary The proposed project is designed to identify alterable factors in the food and physical activity (PA) environment that contribute to declines in obesity rates among school children. Childhood obesity has been associated with higher risk for cardiovascular disease both during childhood and later as adults. While overall obesity rates remain high in the US, there have been promising reports of declines among specific subgroups across the country. Yet, little is known about the causes of such declines. This project aims to identify changes in the food and PA environments in schools and the surrounding communities that predict sustained obesity declines over time among a panel of K-12 schools, and explore whether these predictors differ by race/ethnicity, age, and gender of students. The project will also identify those community- and school-level changes that are most common among schools with sustained obesity declines and examine whether the distinguishing changes differ by race/ethnicity, age, and gender. The study will prospectively follow 120 schools (30,000 students/year) over the eight-year study period. Building on our pilot data and established rapport with school nurses, professionally measured heights, weights, and demographic data on students will be collected at four time points. At parallel times, school nurses will be surveyed to identify changes in food and PA environments in the schools (e.g., salad bars, drinking water in cafeterias, recess) and changes in the food and PA environment surrounding schools will be documented (e.g., new / renovated parks and trails and upgraded corner stores). Changes will be geocoded to establish proximity to schools. The Impact of our proposed research derives from our having identified schools for study that have experienced declines and increases in obesity rates and our ability to identify alterable factors in the environment that can be linked to obesity trends among varied age, gender, and race/ethnicity groups. The findings will provide critical evidence for developing tailored community and school interventions for reducing the burden of childhood obesity.

项目摘要 拟议的项目旨在确定食物和体育锻炼中的可改变因素 （PA）导致学童肥胖率下降的环境。童年 肥胖症与儿童时期的心血管疾病风险更高有关 后来作为成年人。尽管美国的总体肥胖率仍然很高，但仍有有希望的报告 全国特定亚组的下降。然而，关于的原因知之甚少 这样的下降。该项目旨在确定学校食品和PA环境的变化以及 预测持续肥胖的周围社区随着K-12的小组的流逝而下降 学校，并探索这些预测因素是否因种族/种族，年龄和学生的性别而有所不同。 该项目还将确定最常见的社区和学校级别的变化 在持续肥胖症的学校中，有差异的变化 种族/种族，年龄和性别因素而异。该研究将前瞻性地跟随120所学校（30,000所学校 学生/年）在八年的学习期间。建立我们的飞行员数据并建立了融洽的关系 借助学校护士，对学生的专业高度，体重和人口统计数据将 在四个时间点收集。在并行时，将对学校护士进行调查以确定变化 在学校的食物和PA环境中 将记录学校周围食物和PA环境的变化（例如，新 / 翻新的公园和小径以及升级的角落商店）。更改将进行地理编码以建立 靠近学校。我们拟议的研究的影响来自我们已经确定的学校 对于肥胖率下降和增加的研究以及我们识别的能力 环境中的可改变因素可以与各种年龄，性别， 和种族/种族群体。这些发现将为开发量身定制的关键证据 社区和学校干预措施减轻了儿童肥胖的负担。