Use and Impact of Quantitative Information in Tobacco Risk Communications

烟草风险沟通中定量信息的使用和影响

• 批准号: 10928289
• 负责人: Destiny Diaz
• 金额: $ 11.41万
• 依托单位: RUTGERS BIOMEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-09-20 至 2027-08-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10928289
• 关键词: 18 year old; Address; Adult; Affect; Area; Authorization documentation; Behavior; Communication; Competence; Comprehension; Data; Data Set; Decision Making; Demographic Factors; Disease; Disease Outcome; Education; Goals; Health; Health Benefit; Health Campaign; Health Information National Trends Survey; Health Policy; Health behavior; Individual; International; Legal; Literature; Malignant Neoplasms; Malignant neoplasm of lung; Malignant neoplasm of urinary bladder; Marketing; Measures; Mediating; Modified Risk Tobacco Product; Moods; Perception; Phase; Population; Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health; Postdoctoral Fellow; Predisposition; Prevention; Public Health; Recommendation; Reporting; Research; Research Project Grants; Risk; Smoking; Smoking Status; Subgroup; Surgeon; Techniques; Tobacco; Tobacco use; United States; Work; authority; cancer prevention; cigarette smoke; demographic disparity; disorder risk; high risk; mathematical ability; population health; prevent; preventable death; programs; risk perception; smoking cessation; tobacco products

Project Summary/Abstract In 2019, nearly 14 of every 100 U.S. adults aged 18 years or older (14.0%) currently smoked cigarettes. Current strategies of tobacco use risk communication include using quantitative information to explain the likelihood that a consequenceof using aproduct will occur (to prevent initiation/encourage cessation) or to explain the reduction of risk when switching products or quitting. Although increasing numeracy (the ability to comprehend numerical information) can increase healthy behaviors, there is a critical barrier in research regarding how numeracy is related to risk understanding and decision-making around tobacco use. There is also a gap regarding how this relationship differs by demographic factors. My overall project goal is to examine the interrelationships among numeracy, risk perception, tobacco product use, cessation, and product switching. These findings will provide evidence for tailored risk communications for individuals with differing numeracy levels. In the F99 phase, we will analyze cross-sectional and longitudinal data to determine whether or not there are associations among numeracy, risk comprehension, and tobacco use behaviors, and if these associations differ by demographic factors. We will use these findings to determine who should be targeted with public health campaigns and how risk should be communicated. In the K00 phase, we aim to find, defend, implement, evaluate, and modify public health campaign strategies to disseminate risk information. Risk communication will be tailored for subpopulations with differing numeracy levels. Numeracy, risk perception, and tobacco-related behaviors are expected to be associated, providing evidence for tailored risk communication for subpopulations with differing numeracy. By identifying which segments of the population have low numeracy (F99 phase), these specific subgroups can be targeted with tailored educational campaigns that communicate risk in a numeracy-level appropriate manner (K00 phase). This project will use both objective and subjective numeracy measures, different types of risk perceptionmeasures, and will look at familiar (e.g., lung cancer) and less familiar (e.g., bladder cancer) tobacco-related health risks. We will analyze data from nationally representative data sets (The Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH), the Health information National Trends Survey (HINTS), and the Program for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies (PIAAC)) which contain demographic, tobacco use, risk perception, and numeracy measures. The proposed studies will explore numeracy and risk perception of tobacco-related diseases and will add to current literature in this area by focusing on its relationship with specific tobacco-related health behaviors: use, cessation, and product switching. This research will advance the field of cancer prevention by exploring how tobacco product risk can best be communicated to groups that need it. These communications will encourage healthy behaviors and decrease tobacco-related disease outcomes (such as cancer). The findings will help to inform who should be targeted with public health campaigns, how risk should be communicated, and whether these campaigns are efficient.

项目概要/摘要 2019 年，每 100 名 18 岁及以上美国成年人中就有近 14 人 (14.0%) 目前吸烟。当前的 烟草使用风险沟通策略包括使用定量信息来解释以下可能性： 使用产品的后果将发生（防止开始/鼓励停止）或解释减少 转换产品或退出时的风险。尽管计算能力不断提高（理解数字的能力） 信息）可以增加健康行为，但关于计算能力的研究存在一个关键障碍 与烟草使用的风险理解和决策有关。关于如何做到这一点也存在差距 关系因人口因素而异。我的总体项目目标是检查之间的相互关系 计算能力、风险感知、烟草产品使用、戒烟和产品转换。这些发现将提供 为不同算术水平的个人量身定制风险沟通的证据。在F99阶段，我们 将分析横截面和纵向数据以确定它们之间是否存在关联 计算能力、风险理解力和烟草使用行为，以及这些关联是否因人口统计而异 因素。我们将利用这些发现来确定谁应该成为公共卫生运动的目标以及如何进行 应传达风险。在K00阶段，我们的目标是发现、捍卫、实施、评估和修改公共 传播风险信息的健康运动策略。风险沟通将针对 具有不同计算能力水平的亚人群。计算能力、风险感知和烟草相关行为 预计将相互关联，为亚人群量身定制的风险沟通提供证据 具有不同的算术能力。通过确定人口中哪些部分的计算能力较低（F99 阶段）， 可以针对这些特定的亚群体开展量身定制的教育活动，以一种方式传达风险 计算水平适当的方式（K00阶段）。该项目将使用客观和主观计算能力 措施、不同类型的风险感知措施，并将关注熟悉的（例如肺癌）和不太熟悉的 （例如膀胱癌）与烟草相关的健康风险。我们将分析来自全国代表性数据集的数据 （烟草与健康人口评估 (PATH)、健康信息国家趋势调查 （提示）和国际成人能力评估计划（PIAAC）），其中包含 人口统计、烟草使用、风险认知和计算能力测量。拟议的研究将探讨 烟草相关疾病的计算能力和风险认知，并将通过以下方式添加到该领域的现有文献中： 重点关注其与特定烟草相关健康行为的关系：使用、戒烟和产品转换。 这项研究将通过探索如何最好地降低烟草产品的风险来推进癌症预防领域的发展。 传达给有需要的团体。这些沟通将鼓励健康的行为并减少 烟草相关疾病的结果（例如癌症）。研究结果将有助于了解谁应该成为目标 公共卫生活动，应如何沟通风险，以及这些活动是否有效。