Neural Disconnection and Errant Visual Perception in Psychotic Psychopathology

精神病性精神病理学中的神经断开和错误的视觉感知

• 批准号: 9753349
• 负责人: Scott R Sponheim
• 金额: $ 120.09万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-08-05 至 2022-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9753349
• 关键词: Address; Biological; Blood specimen; Brain; Brain imaging; Clinical; Complex; Computer Simulation; Data; Data Collection; Data Set; Development; Dimensions; Equilibrium; Exhibits; Failure; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Genes; Genetic; Goals; Hallucinations; Hour; Human; Illusions; Image; Impairment; Individual; Intervention; Knowledge; Lateral; Lead; Link; Longevity; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Measures; Modality; Modeling; Motion; Nature; Neural Inhibition; Neurons; Occipital lobe; Participant; Patients; Perception; Perceptual Disorders; Perceptual distortions; Physiology; Prevention; Protocols documentation; Psychopathology; Psychophysics; Psychotic Disorders; Publishing; Reality Testing; Research Domain Criteria; Research Personnel; Rest; Role; Schizophrenia; Sensory; Specificity; Standardization; Stimulus; Structure; Testing; Universities; Variant; Vision; Visual; Visual Cortex; Visual Hallucination; Visual Perception; Washington; Work; area striata; base; brain dysfunction; cognitive function; cognitive process; connectome; data warehouse; deviant; disability; experience; extrastriate visual cortex; frontal lobe; human imaging; information processing; magnetic field; multimodal data; neural circuit; neural model; neural network; neuroimaging; neuromechanism; neurophysiology; prisma; public health relevance; reduce symptoms; relating to nervous system; response; role model; self reported behavior; severe mental illness; symptomatology

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Errant perception is a defining feature of severe psychopathology and contributes to distortions of reality experienced by individuals with psychosis. Growing evidence indicates that individuals with psychotic disorders have compromised neural connectivity which is associated with hallucinatory experiences - a prominent form of reality distortion. Although the precise neural circuitry that gives rise to perceptual errors and hallucinations is unknown, anomalous interactions of low-level sensory and high-level cognitive processes appear to contribute to these distortions of reality. This project will use psychophysical tasks and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data to quantitatively model the role of low-level and high-level influences on visual perceptual abnormalities in psychosis. The model will be constrained through incorporating new knowledge of structural and functional neural connections relevant to visual perception. The goal of the proposed work is to develop and test quantitative models of local and long-range neural mechanisms that account for visual misperception in psychosis through the use of Human Connectome Project (HCP) acquisition protocols and psychophysical tasks. The project involves two specific aims. The first aim is to expand the HCP data repository by contributing MRI data from 150 people with psychotic psychopathology, 100 first-degree biological relatives of psychotic participants, and 50 healthy non-psychiatric controls. Imaging data will be collected using the 2-hour HCP Washington University (WU) Lifespan protocol on a Siemens Prisma scanner. These data will enable direct comparison between healthy controls, individuals with psychosis, and individuals with genetic liability for psychosis with existing HCP Lifespan data. Access to existing HCP Lifespan data will make possible characterization of normal variability in visual cortical connectivity and facilitate standardized assessment of neural networks. The second goal is to acquire functional MRI data during visual tasks using a 7 Tesla magnet and the same sequences and scanner used for the UMinn 7T Lifespan protocol in order to quantitatively model the role of local and long-range functional connectivity in visual misperception, as well as relate model parameters to dimensional variation in perceptual anomalies associated with psychosis. Combined use of 7T HCP data and a testable neurophysiological quantitative model of visual anomalies will yield unprecedented specificity in delineating mechanistic circuitry giving rise to psychotic symptomatology. Inclusion of the broader HCP Lifespan data set and a tested generalized quantitative model will provide a means for direct examination by other investigators as well as facilitate standardized and individualized assessment of functional connectivity anomalies pertinent to the development and expression of psychosis.

 描述（适用提供）：错误的看法是严重的心理病理学的一个定义特征，并导致精神病患者对现实经历的扭曲。越来越多的证据表明，患有精神疾病的人会损害神经连通性，这与幻觉经历有关，这是现实失真的重要形式。尽管尚不清楚导致感知错误和幻觉的精确神经元电路，但低级感觉和高级认知过程的异常相互作用似乎会导致这些现实的扭曲。该项目将使用心理物理任务和磁共振成像（MRI）数据来定量模拟低级和高级影响对心理中视觉感知异常的作用。该模型将通过编码与视觉感知相关的结构和功能神经连接的新知识来限制。拟议工作的目的是通过使用人类连接项目（HCP）的获取方案和心理物理学任务来开发和测试局部和远程神经机制的定量模型，以解释精神病的视觉误解。该项目涉及两个具体目标。第一个目的是通过从150名精神病患者，精神病参与者的100个一级生物学亲戚和50个健康的非精神病控制的人中贡献MRI数据来扩展HCP数据存储库。成像数据将使用西门子Prisma扫描仪的2小时HCP华盛顿大学（WU）寿命方案收集。这些数据将使健康对照，患有精神病患者以及对现有HCP寿命数据具有遗传责任的个体进行直接比较。访问现有的HCP寿命数据将使视觉皮质连通性正常变异性的表征可能表征，并维持对神经网络的标准化评估。第二个目标是在视觉任务期间使用7 Tesla磁铁以及用于UMINN 7T LISESPAN协议的相同序列和扫描仪在视觉任务中获取功能性MRI数据，以定量地对视觉误解中局部和远距离连接性的局部和远距离功能连接的作用进行定量模型，以及相关的模型参数，以及与感知性异常相关的二级变异的相关模型参数。 7T HCP数据的联合使用和可检验的视觉异常的神经生理定量模型将在描述机械电路中产生前所未有的特异性，从而导致精神病性症状学。包括更广泛的HCP寿命数据集和经过测试的广义定量模型，将为其他研究人员进行直接检查以及准备的标准化和个性化的功能连通性异常评估，以与精神病的发展和表达有关。