The Effect of Neighborhood Change on Health and Well-Being

社区变化对健康和福祉的影响

• 批准号: 9883822
• 负责人: John R Logan
• 金额: $ 42.54万
• 依托单位: BROWN UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-03-01 至 2024-02-29
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9883822
• 关键词: Affect; American; Americas; Area; Blood Circulation; Censuses; Characteristics; Communities; Data; Dimensions; Economics; Education; Environment; Equilibrium; Ethnic Origin; Family; Health; Household; Income; Individual; Inequality; Investments; Left; Link; Location; Longitudinal Surveys; Low income; Minority; Modeling; Movement; Neighborhoods; Pattern; Personal Satisfaction; Persons; Policy Making; Population Research; Poverty; Probability Samples; Race; Records; Research; Research Personnel; Residential Mobility; Resources; Role; Social Class; Sorting - Cell Movement; Time; Typology; United States; Work; base; data centers; data resource; ethnic diversity; insight; metropolitan; racial and ethnic; segregation; social; socioeconomics; trend

Project Summary This is a study of how neighborhoods are changing their racial/ethnic and income composition as a result of mobility choices made by individual families. The consequent changes in segregation and disparate local environments for people of different race, ethnicity, and income have substantial potential consequences for their health and well-being. The study takes advantage of access to a new data resource – linked records of as many as 90% of enumerated Americans in 2000 and 2010 – to pursue two main aims: Aim 1) To assess the balance of flows of persons into and out of neighborhoods that are associated with specific neighborhood-level changes in race/ethnicity and income levels that we observe, such as increasing concentration of poverty or growing racial/ethnic diversity. Aim 2) To model the selectivity of people's locations in 2000 and their post- 2000 movements in neighborhoods, based both on how places appeared in 2000 and how they were changing in the next decade. The proposed study builds on a growing body of research that breaks with binary conceptualizations of segregation (e.g., the longstanding emphasis on the white-black divide or a simple distinction between poor and non-poor neighborhoods) to acknowledge the multigroup composition of metropolitan America and the variety of kinds of social class changes that are occurring. It will make use of confidential individual-level data in a Census Research Data Center (RDC) that has been linked between the 2000 and 2010 censuses to track changes in composition in changing neighborhoods (decomposing net change into numbers of persons in each group who arrived, left, or stayed). It will also to identify the personal/household characteristics associated with each type of mobility. This study of neighborhood change and residential mobility is highly relevant to major contemporary social concerns related to persistent minority segregation and increasing neighborhood diversity. Research conducted in the RDC will demonstrate the value of the Census Bureau's investment in record linkage and increase the likelihood of continued efforts of this kind.

项目概要 这是一项关于社区如何因以下原因改变其种族/民族和收入构成的研究： 各个家庭做出的流动性选择随之发生的隔离和不同地方的变化。 不同种族、民族和收入的人所处的环境对 该研究利用了新的数据资源——链接的记录。 2000 年和 2010 年，多达 90% 的美国人认为——追求两个主要目标： 目标 1) 评估 与特定街区级别相关的进出街区的人流平衡 我们观察到的种族/族裔和收入水平的变化，例如贫困或人口集中度的增加 目标 2) 对 2000 年及其后人们的居住地选择性进行建模。 2000 年社区的变动，基于 2000 年地点的出现情况及其变化情况 在接下来的十年里。 拟议的研究建立在越来越多的研究之上，打破了二元概念化 种族隔离（例如，长期强调白人与黑人的划分或穷人之间的简单区分） 和非贫困社区）承认美国大都市和 正在发生的各种社会阶层变化将利用机密的个人数据。 在人口普查研究数据中心 (RDC) 中，该中心已在 2000 年和 2010 年人口普查之间建立联系以跟踪 不断变化的社区的构成变化（将净变化分解为每个社区的人数） 它还将识别相关的个人/家庭特征。 每种类型的移动性。 这项关于邻里变化和居住流动性的研究与当代主要社会高度相关。 对持续存在的少数族裔隔离和日益增加的社区多样性的担忧。 在 RDC 进行的调查将展示人口普查局在记录链接和 增加继续此类努力的可能性。