Language Development and Socialization of deaf children in a Chatino village

查蒂诺村聋哑儿童的语言发展和社会化

• 批准号: 9020946
• 负责人: LYNN YONG-SHI HOU
• 金额: $ 1.41万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT AUSTIN
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-03-14 至 2016-08-15
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9020946
• 关键词: Adult; Age; Anthropology; Attention; Attitude; Behavior; Belief; Books; Caregivers; Child; Child Development; Child Language; Child Rearing; Code; Communication; Communities; Data; Development; Disabled Persons; Discipline; Education; Environment; Environmental Risk Factor; Ethnography; Event; Exposure to; Extended Family; Family; Frequencies; Generations; Genetic Transcription; Gestures; Goals; Health; Hearing; Hearing Impaired Persons; Home environment; Hour; Household; Human Development; Hybrids; Indigenous; Interview; Investigation; Knowledge; Language; Language Development; Learning; Linguistics; Maintenance; Mesoamerican; Methodology; Methods; Mexico; Nuclear Family; Oral; Output; Parents; Participant; Pattern; Population; Population Research; Process; Property; Psychology; Research; Role; Running; Rural; Sampling; Schools; Shapes; Sign Language; Social Network; Social Work; Socialization; Source; Speech; Stream; Structure; System; Targeted Research; Toy; Training; Variant; Video Recording; Videotape; Visit; Vocabulary; base; cognitive development; deafness; disability; educational atmosphere; gaze; language processing; lexical; member; skills; social; task analysis; urban area

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Little is known about the process of sign language development and socialization of deaf and hearing children from extended families of several generations in rural, non-Western communities. This project attempts to fill in the gap with a longitudinal, empirical investigation of sign language development and socialization of deaf and hearing children in a Chatino village. The village, San Juan Quiahije and its outlying hamlet, Cieneguilla, is home to 10 deaf people, including 4 young children, out of a population of 3,628 inhabitants. The deaf people use Chatino Sign Language (CSL), an emerging sign language that is not related to a conventional sign language that is used by deaf people in urban areas of Mexico. The focal children of the project are 4 deaf children of hearing caregivers (3 families) and 4 hearing children of mixed deaf-hearing caregivers, i.e. one deaf parent and one hearing parent (3 families); the ages of all children range from 2;0 to 6;0. The deaf people have not received any formal schooling and have had no training in oral language skills. The deaf people know each other through an extended social network. Although considerable lexical variation exists across families of deaf signers, many CSL signs overlap due to the sharing of co-speech gestures and signs between deaf and hearing community members. The project will produce a large corpus of video- and audio-recorded data of naturalistic and elicited interactions in CSL between deaf and hearing children and their families in their everyday lives, along with a first-pass description of deaf and hearing children's sign language development and language socialization based on 9 consecutive months of fieldwork. Longitudinal participant observations, elicitation methods with toys, pictures, and books, and semi-structured interviews on a monthly basis will be utilized to document language and communicative practices in the sign language-learning environment of the children. A total of six hours of naturalistic data (3 hours) and elicited data (3 hours) from 6 families will be analyzed for comparing the children and their adult caregivers and other high-frequency interactants with respect to (1) communicative behavior including initiation, attention, and gaze and (2) lexical and grammatical structure of the signers' output, for assessing the organization of the communication, types of interactional routines, the sources of input, and the depth and extent of the role of the interactants in the children's development of CSL. Interviews will be conducted to produce rough transcriptions and informed descriptions of samples of conversational events, to prompt metalinguistic discussion of the children's signs, and to prompt discussion of the families' beliefs, attitudes, and knowledge about child-rearing, language and cognitive development, deafness spoken and signed languages, and education. Examining the cultural organization of language and communicative practices, and the social linguistic and environment factors that shape the children's sign language development can provide a better understanding of the children's contribution to the emergence and development of new sign languages.

描述（由申请人提供）：对聋人的手语发展和社交的过程知之甚少。该项目试图通过对Chatino村庄中聋人和聋哑儿童的手语发展和社会化的纵向，实证研究来填补空白。村庄，圣胡安·奎希耶（San Juan Quiahije）及其偏僻的小村庄Cieneguilla是10名聋哑人（包括4个年幼的孩子）的所在地，其中3,628名居民。聋人使用Chatino手语（CSL），这是一种与墨西哥城市城市聋人使用的传统手语无关的新兴手语。该项目的重点子女是4个聋哑儿童听护理人员（3个家庭）和4名混合聋哑照顾者的听力孩子，即一名聋哑父母和一名听力父母（3个家庭）；所有儿童的年龄范围从2; 0到6; 0。聋人没有接受任何正规的教育，也没有口头语言技能的培训。聋人通过扩展的社交网络彼此认识。尽管聋人签名者家族之间存在很大的词汇变化，但由于共享聋人和听力社区成员之间的共享手势和标志，许多CSL迹象重叠。该项目将生成大量的视频和音频记录的自然主义和引起聋人与听力的儿童及其家人在日常生活中的互动的数据，以及对聋人和听到儿童手语言发展的第一频道描述和语言社会化基于连续9个月的现场工作。纵向参与者的观察，带有玩具，图片和书籍的启发方法以及每月的半结构化访谈将用于记录孩子的手语学习环境中的语言和交流实践。将分析6个家庭的六个小时的自然数据（3小时），并从6个家庭中引起数据（3小时），以比较儿童及其成人 护理人员和其他高频相对于（1）沟通行为，包括启动，注意力和凝视，以及（2）签名者的词汇和语法结构 输出，用于评估沟通的组织，互动常规的类型，投入来源以及互动人在儿童发展中的互动作用的深度和程度。将进行访谈，以产生粗略的抄录和知情的对话事件样本的描述，促使对儿童迹象的属性讨论，并迅速讨论家庭的信念，态度和有关育儿，语言和认知发展的知识，说话和签名的语言和教育。研究语言和交流实践的文化组织，以及塑造儿童手语发展的社会语言和环境因素，可以更好地理解孩子对新标志语言的出现和发展的贡献。