Prenatal exposure to traffic emissions and incident asthma in a birth cohort

出生队列中的产前交通尾气暴露和哮喘事件

• 批准号: 9132282
• 负责人: Lyndsey Darrow
• 金额: $ 7.1万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF NEVADA RENO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-08-25 至 2018-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9132282
• 关键词: 8 year old; Accounting; Address; Age; Air; Air Pollution; Animals; Asthma; Birth; Caliber; Carbon; Carbon Monoxide; Censuses; Characteristics; Child; Childhood; Childhood Asthma; Chronic Disease; Communities; Data; Data Quality; Data Set; Development; Diagnosis; Diesel Exhaust; Education; Environment; Environmental Exposure; Epidemiologic Studies; Epidemiology; Ethnic Origin; Etiology; Exposure to; Funding; Health; Incidence; Individual; Investments; Joints; Life; Link; Location; Lung; Maternal Exposure; Medical History; Meteorology; Modeling; Morbidity - disease rate; Mothers; Neighborhoods; Nitrogen Oxides; Outcome; Particulate Matter; Pattern; Phenotype; Play; Pollution; Population; Poverty; Pregnancy; Prevalence; Public Health; Race; Recording of previous events; Reporting; Research; Research Personnel; Residential Mobility; Resolution; Risk; Risk Factors; Role; School-Age Population; Socioeconomic Factors; Source; Staging; Time; Uncertainty; ambient air pollution; cohort; design; environmental tobacco smoke exposure; follow-up; health data; infancy; land use; meter; models and simulation; modifiable risk; novel; offspring; particle; pollutant; prenatal; prenatal exposure; public health relevance; research study; residence; trafficking

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): There is growing evidence that the prenatal environment plays a role in the etiology of childhood asthma. Epidemiologic evidence suggests that children who develop asthma by school age already have 40% of their associated lung deficit at birth, and experimental studies in animals demonstrate that prenatal exposures to tobacco smoke, diesel exhaust, and other combustion-related particles can induce asthma in the offspring. The proposed research seeks to investigate the effect of exposure to ambient air pollution from traffic emissions during pregnancy on asthma incidence in childhood. We will study a well-characterized historical birth cohort of 19,169 mother-child pairs from Kaiser Permanente Georgia, a population with a high burden of asthma currently being studied as part of the Southeastern Center for Air Pollution and Epidemiology (SCAPE), an EPA-funded Clean Air Research Center. Daily spatially-resolved concentrations of nitrogen oxides (NOx), carbon monoxide (CO), particulate matter <2.5 micrometers in diameter (PM2.5), and PM2.5 elemental carbon will be assigned to each maternal address using a novel Bayesian hierarchical approach recently developed by SCAPE researchers. Calibrated Community Multi-scale Air Quality Model (CMAQ) simulations at 4 kilometer grid resolution are downscaled to 250 meter grid resolution using a Bayesian space- time downscaler model that incorporates additional fine-scale traffic emissions data, land-use information and meteorology. The unified approach enables the propagation of exposure estimation uncertainty from all sources through the epidemiologic models. Using comprehensive longitudinal medical histories on the children in the cohort we will assess prenatal concentrations of traffic pollutants in relation to incident asthma by 2, 4, 6, and 8 years of age, including subanalyses restricted to asthma cases with evidence of continued morbidity at each follow-up age. We will also estimate the effect of cumulative exposures for the prenatal period through the first year of life taking into account possible synergistic effects between exposure windows; estimate the joint effects of multiple traffic-related pollutants; and conduct an in-depth assessment of confounding by individual-level and contextual socioeconomic factors. Our access to complete maternal residence information during the prenatal period will allow us to characterize patterns of residential mobility during pregnancy for a large contemporary U.S. cohort and estimate impacts of this mobility on exposure estimation. These results will be relevant to the design and interpretation of a broad range of epidemiologic studies relying on residence location at the time of birth to assign spatially-varying exposures during pregnancy. By leveraging previously collected health data and novel air quality models that integrate multiple sources of air quality information we will be able to efficiently investigae the study questions and advance our understanding of modifiable risk factors for asthma, the most common chronic disease of childhood.

 描述（由适用提供）：越来越多的证据表明产前环境在儿童哮喘的病因学中起作用。流行病学证据表明，按学龄前年龄发展哮喘的儿童在出生时已经拥有40％的相关肺防御，并且对动物的实验研究表明，产前暴露于烟草烟雾，柴油排气和其他与组合相关的颗粒可以诱导后代哮喘。拟议的研究旨在研究怀孕期间交通排放中周围空气污染的影响，对童年时期哮喘发病率。我们将研究来自Kaiser Permanente Georgia的19,169个母子成对的历史出生队列，这是一个人口，目前正在研究哮喘，目前正在研究EPA资助的清洁空气研究中心。每天在空间分辨的氮氧化物（NOX），碳一氧化碳（CO），直径<2.5微米（PM2.5）（PM2.5）和PM2.5元素碳中，将使用新型的贝叶斯分层方法分配给每个材料地址。使用贝叶斯时空时代下降型模型将4公里网格分辨率的校准社区多尺度空气质量模型（CMAQ）模拟降低至250米的网格分辨率，该模型结合了其他精细规模的交通排放数据，土地使用信息和气象。统一方法可以通过流行病学模型从所有来源传播暴露估计不确定性。使用对队列中儿童的全面纵向病史，我们将评估与2、4、6和 8岁，包括限制于哮喘病例的亚分析，每个随访年龄都有持续发病的证据。我们还将考虑到暴露窗口之间可能的协同作用，在产前期间估算产前期间累积暴露的影响；估计多种交通相关污染物的联合影响；并深入评估个人级别和上下文社会经济因素的混淆。在产前期间，我们访问完整的物质居住信息将使我们能够表征怀孕期间住宅流动性的模式 大型当代美国队列以及这种流动性对暴露估计的估计影响。这些结果将与依靠居住地点的广泛流行病学研究的设计和解释有关，以分配怀孕期间空间变化的暴露。通过利用先前收集的健康数据和新型的空气质量模型，这些模型整合了多种空气质量信息的来源，我们将能够有效地投入研究问题，并促进我们对哮喘的可修改风险因素的理解，哮喘是最常见的童年慢性疾病。

项目成果

Associations of mobile source air pollution during the first year of life with childhood pneumonia, bronchiolitis, and otitis media.

• DOI: 10.1097/ee9.0000000000000007
• 发表时间: 2018-03
• 期刊: Environmental epidemiology (Philadelphia, Pa.)
• 作者: Kennedy CM;Pennington AF;Darrow LA;Klein M;Zhai X;Bates JT;Russell AG;Hansen C;Tolbert PE;Strickland MJ
• 通讯作者: Strickland MJ