A magnetic particle imager (MPI) for functional brain imaging in humans

用于人类脑功能成像的磁粒子成像仪 (MPI)

• 批准号: 9418281
• 负责人: Lawrence L Wald
• 金额: $ 101.01万
• 依托单位: MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-09-26 至 2022-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9418281
• 关键词: Animals; Architecture; Area; Base of the Brain; Biomedical Engineering; Blood; Brain; Brain imaging; Detection; Development; Devices; Disease; Electromagnetics; Engineering; Exercise; Foundations; Functional Imaging; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Generations; Geometry; Goals; Grant; Head; Health; Human; Hypercapnia; Image; Imaging Device; Individual; Injectable; Investigation; Iron; Label; Laboratories; Macaca; Macaca mulatta; Magnetic Resonance; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Magnetism; Methodology; Methods; Modality; Modeling; Monitor; Monoclonal Antibody R24; Neurons; Neurosciences; Noise; Oxidants; Pattern; Performance; Phase; Protocols documentation; Protons; Relaxation; Resolution; Resources; Rest; Risk; Rodent; Rodent Model; Safety; Scanning; Source; Specialist; Structure; System; Techniques; Technology; Testing; Time; Validation; Visual Cortex; Work; awake; base; cerebral blood volume; cerebral capillary; cerebral hemodynamics; data acquisition; design; detector; experimental study; ferumoxytol; hemodynamics; human imaging; image reconstruction; imaging modality; improved; instrument; iron oxide; model building; nanoparticle; next generation; nonhuman primate; operation; particle; programs; response; simulation; tool; visual motor

In this U01 grant we propose a 5 year engineering development effort to advance Magnetic Particle Imaging (MPI) to replace MRI as the next-generation functional brain imaging tool for human neuroscience. MPI is a young but extremely promising technology that uses the non-linear magnetic response of ironoxide nanoparticles to localize their presence in the body. MPI directly detects the nanoparticle's magnetization rather than using secondary effects on the Magnetic Resonance relaxation times. Thus, while MPI and MRI share many technologies, the MPI method does not use the MR phenomena in any way. Our plan is to detect the activation-induced and resting-state changes in the iron-oxide concentration in the cerebral capillary network by monitoring the local iron oxide concentration (and thus local Cerebral Blood Volume, CBV). This CBV-contrast source is well- proven in animal and human fMRI studies which detect CBV changes by MRI using the same iron- oxide agents, but indirectly. But, by developing MPI as the detection modality, we show that there is a potential 10-fold increase in the contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) of human neuronal activation. In the planning grant stage, we analyzed multiple potential MPI scanner designs for humans and settled on a Field-Free-Line geometry. We developed the simulation tools to model the performance of a human sized instrument. Additionally, we validated our modeling by building and testing a small, rodent-scale MPI detector in our lab at MGH. Using this device, we showed the first ever demonstration of functional imaging with MPI using a rodent hypercapnia model. In this U01 phase we seek the resources to construct and validate the human scale, rotating FFL-style MPI device analyzed in the planning grant. After construction, we will validate its performance in phantom studies, and also in an awake-behaving macaque model that we have previously used for fMRI studies. Finally, we will validate the performance of the device in limited human fMPI studies. By developing a new and more sensitive detection methodology for functional human imaging, we hope to add a powerful new non-invasive methods to the tools available to neuroscientists studying the human brain in health and disease.

在U01赠款中，我们提出了5年的工程开发工作，以推动磁性 粒子成像（MPI）代替MRI作为人类的下一代功能性脑成像工具 神经科学。 MPI是一项年轻但非常有前途的技术，它使用非线性磁性 铁氧化物纳米颗粒对将其定位在体内的响应。 MPI直接检测到 纳米颗粒的磁化，而不是对磁共振的二级影响 放松时间。因此，尽管MPI和MRI共享许多技术，但MPI方法不使用 MR现象以任何方式。我们的计划是检测激活诱导的状态和静止状态 通过监测局部铁，大脑毛细管网络中铁氧化物浓度的变化 氧化物浓度（因此，局部脑血体积，CBV）。此CBV对比来源很好 在动物和人类fMRI研究中被证明，该研究检测使用同一铁 - 氧化剂，但间接。但是，通过开发MPI作为检测方式，我们表明有一个 人神经元激活的对比度比（CNR）的潜在增加10倍。 在计划赠款阶段，我们分析了人类和 定居在无现场的几何形状上。我们开发了模拟工具来建模性能 人类大小的乐器。此外，我们通过构建和测试一个小的， 我们在MGH的实验室中的啮齿动物尺度MPI检测器。使用此设备，我们展示了有史以来的第一个 使用啮齿动物高碳酸脂蛋白模型使用MPI进行功能成像的演示。在这个U01阶段 我们寻求资源来构建和验证人体规模，旋转FFL风格的MPI设备 在计划赠款中进行了分析。施工后，我们将验证其在幻影中的性能 研究，以及我们以前用于fMRI的清醒行为模型 研究。最后，我们将在有限的人类FMPI研究中验证该设备的性能。 通过为功能性人体成像开发一种新的，更敏感的检测方法，我们 希望在神经科学家可用的工具中添加强大的新非侵入性方法 健康和疾病中的人脑。