The Influence of Stress on the Intrinsic Cost of Self-Control

压力对自我控制内在成本的影响

基本信息

批准号：
9404178
负责人：
Candace M Raio
金额：
$ 0.19万
依托单位：
NEW YORK UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2016
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2016-12-01 至 2017-09-15
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9404178
关键词：
Accounting Adaptive Behaviors Affect Alcohol or Other Drugs use Alcoholism Anterior Anxiety Behavior Control Behavioral Biological Assay Brain Brain region Choice Behavior Cigarette Cognitive Computer Simulation Corpus striatum structure Cost Control Cost Measures Cost-Benefit Analysis Decision Making Development Diet Disease Dorsal Drug Addiction Eating Economics Ego Emotional Exercise Exertion Exposure to Failure Food Functional Imaging Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Gambling Goals Health Benefit Impairment Individual Individual Differences Intervention Knowledge Lead Life Link Maintenance Measures Mental Depression Mental Health Mental disorders Modeling Monitor Mood Disorders Nature Neurocognitive Neurosciences Neurosecretory Systems Obesity Outcome Participant Pathologic Patient Self-Report Pattern Play Predictive Factor Prefrontal Cortex Process Relapse Reporting Research Resources Rewards Role Self-control as a personality trait Services Severities Short-Term Memory Smoking Stress Symptoms Time Training anxiety-related disorders base behavior measurement behavioral economics behavioral pharmacology biological adaptation to stress cingulate cortex cognitive control cognitive function cognitive process cost gray matter neural patterning neuroeconomics neuroimaging neuromechanism neurophysiology neuropsychiatric disorder neuropsychiatry neuroregulation novel physical conditioning prospective relating to nervous system relative cost response stress reactivity theories tool virtual

项目摘要

Project Summary The use of self-control in everyday life is critical to healthy, adaptive functioning but is often compromised by stress. Neurophysiological responses to stress are thought to alter decision-making circuits in the brain, leading to impaired emotional and behavioral control, and suboptimal decisions that can have deleterious consequences to both psychological and physical health. Exposure to stress is widely considered to be a major predictive factor to the development, maintenance and relapse of a range of mental disorders, including anxiety, depression, and those marked by pathological choice, such as such as obesity, gambling, and substance use. However, a mechanistic account of how stress influences the use of self-control during value- based decision-making is lacking. Recent research has proposed that since the exertion of self-control utilizes cognitive resources, it imposes costs on an individual that may lead them to deviate from goal-directed strategies to control behavior, relying instead on strategies that are less computationally costly but may lead to suboptimal outcomes. The current proposal aims to advance our understanding of how stress might influence decisions to use self-control strategies by measuring the costs individuals assign to self-control use. We will characterize the specific effects of stress on decisions to use self-control using behavioral measures, neuroendocrine measures of stress response, neuroeconomics, functional neuroimaging and computational modeling. Specifically, we will examine how individuals construct the cost of self-control after pre-exposure to stress using a validated neuroeconomic approach (Aim 1). Further, we will characterize the neural mechanisms underlying how self-control decisions are made under stress using model-based fMRI (Aim2). We predict that (1) self-control will be perceived as more costly under stress than under non-stress conditions, (2) the interaction between value-encoding brain regions (i.e., striatum, ventromedial prefrontal cortex (PFC)) and regions that support different aspects of cognitive control (i.e, dorsolateral PFC, anterior cingulate cortex) will register self-control costs in dissociable ways, and (3) that stress will selectively alter patterns of brain activity related to computing self-control costs in these regions. The knowledge obtained from this proposal will advance our understanding of the neurocomputational mechanisms that guide self-control decisions and how these mechanisms are altered under stress. These aims will facilitate the training goals of this proposal by offering training in behavioral economic theory, advanced functional imaging, and computational modeling. The proposed research will have direct implications both for stress-related anxiety and mood disorders and those that are marked by pathological choice, such as obesity, gambling alcoholism and drug addiction.

项目摘要在日常生活中自我控制的使用对于健康，适应性功能至关重要，但经常受到压力。人们认为对压力的神经生理反应会改变大脑中的决策电路，导致情绪和行为控制受损，以及可能具有有害的次优决策心理和身体健康的后果。暴露于压力被广泛认为是主要的一系列精神障碍的发展，维持和复发的预测因素，包括焦虑，沮丧以及以病理性选择为特征的焦虑，例如肥胖，赌博和使用物质。但是，一种机械解释了压力如何影响价值期间自我控制的使用缺乏基于决策。最近的研究提出，自从自我控制的努力以来认知资源，它对个人施加成本，可能导致他们偏离目标指导控制行为的策略，而依靠计算上昂贵但可能导致的策略次优结果。当前的建议旨在促进我们对压力可能如何影响的理解通过衡量个人为自我控制使用的成本来使用自我控制策略的决策。我们将表征压力对使用行为措施使用自我控制的决策的具体影响，压力反应，神经经济学，功能性神经影像学和计算的神经内分泌测量造型。具体而言，我们将研究个人如何在暴露前的自我控制成本来构建使用经过验证的神经经济方法的压力（AIM 1）。此外，我们将描述神经使用基于模型的fMRI在压力下做出自我控制决策的基础机制（AIM2）。我们预测（1）在压力下，自我控制将比在无压力条件下更为昂贵，（2）价值编码大脑区域（即纹状体，腹侧前额叶皮层（PFC））和支持认知控制不同方面的区域（即背外侧PFC，前扣带回皮层）将以可解散的方式注册自我控制成本，（3）压力会有选择地改变大脑活动的模式与计算这些地区的自我控制成本有关。从该提案中获得的知识将促进我们对指导自我控制决定以及如何指导的神经计算机制的理解这些机制在压力下发生了改变。这些目标将促进该提案的培训目标提供行为经济理论，高级功能成像和计算建模的培训。这拟议的研究将对与压力有关的焦虑和情绪障碍产生直接影响，以及以病理选择为特征，例如肥胖，赌博酗酒和吸毒。