Facilitating Completeness in Children's Maltreatment Disclosures

促进儿童虐待事件披露的完整性

• 批准号: 9240473
• 负责人: THOMAS D LYON
• 金额: $ 61.59万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-03-15 至 2022-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9240473
• 关键词: Abuse Reporting; Adult; Archives; Child; Child Abuse; Child Abuse and Neglect; Child Development; Cognitive; Cognitive Science; County; Decision Making; Dependency; Development; Disclosure; Eligibility Determination; Ethics; Evaluation; False Allegation; Family; Forensic Medicine; Funding; International; Interview; Interviewer; Laboratories; Laboratory Study; Laws; Lead; Learning; Legal; Legal Intervention; Linguistics; Los Angeles; Methods; Observational Study; Perception; Performance; Play; Procedures; Process; Productivity; Professional Practice; Psychology; Reporting; Research; Research Design; Research Personnel; Risk; Schools; Series; Services; Sexual abuse; Students; Techniques; Testing; Time; Toy; Work; abuse victim; child protection; court; design; developmental psychology; efficacy testing; evidence base; experimental study; field study; improved; innovation; insight; laboratory experiment; maltreated children; maltreatment; member; novel; physical abuse; programs; response; social; willingness

Project Summary/Abstract: Facilitating completeness in children’s maltreatment disclosures Child maltreatment is one of the most serious threats to children’s well-being. However, substantial percentages of children either fail to disclose abuse or provide unconvincing disclosures. In order to justify legal intervention, decision-makers expect children to disclose abuse without excessive prompting, but also to provide sufficient details about time, number, and physical interactions to convince adults that abuse occurred. Interviewers are unsure how to elicit such details; children appear unlikely to produce them spontaneously, but extensive questioning risks error and miscommunication. Given the critical importance of maltreated children’s disclosure for the protection of children, it is imperative to identify the most sensitive interviewing approaches. The proposed program of research will involve a series of novel laboratory and field studies designed to identify interviewing methods that help maltreated children provide complete reports. The project has two aims: 1) To maximize children’s capacity and willingness to disclose adult transgressions; and 2) To identify optimal question types for eliciting details about time, number, and physical interactions. The aims will be achieved through five projects. Project 1 will identify and assess field methods for eliciting maltreatment disclosures and details about time, number, and physical interactions. It will involve detailed analysis of trial testimonies and forensic interviews with children. Project 2 will test the efficacy of novel interviewing methods in eliciting transgression disclosures, and Project 3 will identify optimal question types for eliciting details about time, number, and physical interactions. Projects 2 and 3 will involve laboratory experimental studies with children who are questioned about suspected transgressions. Valenced questions (questions about “something bad” or “the worst thing”), paired yes/no questions (yes/no questions followed by a requests for elaboration), and open- ended questions about time, number, and physical interactions will be assessed for their effect on the completeness of children’s disclosures. Project 4 will experimentally assess adults’ perceptions of children’s disclosures and denials of transgressions. It will involve laboratory experimental studies with adults asked for their evaluation of children questioned utilizing the techniques tested in Projects 2 and 3. Project 5 will test the efficacy of novel interviewing methods in field experiments with children disclosing sexual and physical abuse. In addition to the techniques described above, it will test the efficacy of conversation questions (questions about the child’s conversations with the suspect), the subject of our currently funded research. Our research program is unique: it combines field observational research, laboratory experimental research, and field experimental research in an attempt to identify the most successful child interviewing approaches. The research provides an unprecedented opportunity to advance our understanding of child development and provide critical insight into best practice for professionals who interview children. It promises to improve interviewing, and in turn to enable child professionals to better protect children and their families.

项目摘要/摘要：促进儿童虐待披露的能力 虐待儿童是对儿童福祉的最严重威胁 儿童的百分比未能披露虐待或提供不断的披露。 法律干预，决策者期望儿童在没有过多提示的情况下披露虐待，但也要 提供有关时间，数量和身体互动的足够细节，以说服成年人发生虐待。 访调员是如何引起这样的细节的； 广泛的质疑风险错误和沟通不畅。 为保护儿童的披露，必须确定最敏感的访谈方法。 支持的研究计划将为一系列新颖的实验室和现场研究旨在 确定帮助虐待儿童的访谈方法提供了两个目标。 1）最大程度地提高儿童的帽子和披露成人违法行为的意愿； 2） 引起有关时间，数字和物理互动的详细信息的问题类型。 通过五个项目1。 有关时间，数字和物理互动的详细信息。 对儿童的法医访谈2。 犯罪披露，项目3将确定最佳问题类型，以引起有关时间的详细信息， 数字和物理互动2和3的意愿经验研究 质疑犯罪问题的人 “最糟糕的事情”），配对是/否问题（是/否问题，然后提出详细要求），然后 - 将评估有关时间，数字和身体互动的终结问题 完成儿童披露。项目4将评估成人对儿童的看法 披露和否认犯罪将涉及实验室的经验研究 他们对儿童的评估利用项目2和3中测试的技术进行了质疑。 新颖的访谈方法在与儿童进行披露性和身体虐待的现场实验中的功效。 除了描述的技术外，它将测试对话问题的功效（问题 关于孩子与犯罪嫌疑人的对话），这是我们的研究 程序是独一无二的：它结合了现场观察研究，实验室实验研究和现场 实验研究试图确定最成功的儿童采访方法 研究提供了一个未经预科的机会团结，以提高我们对儿童成长的理解和 对面试儿童的最佳专业人员提供重要的见解。 采访，然后使儿童专业人士更好地保护儿童和家庭。