Risks for Childhood Obesity II: Parenting and Self-Regulation in Early Childhood

儿童肥胖的风险二：儿童早期的养育和自我调节

基本信息

批准号：
9302397
负责人：
CYNTHIA A. STIFTER
金额：
$ 10万
依托单位：
PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIVERSITY, THE
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2009
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2009-08-20 至 2020-07-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9302397
关键词：
Address Adult Affect Age Age-Months Alleles Behavior Behavior Control Behavioral Birth Body Weight Changes Buffers Candidate Disease Gene Characteristics Child Child Behavior Child Rearing Childhood Cognition DRD2 A1 Allele DRD2 gene DRD4 gene Development Distress Dopamine Dopamine Receptor Emotional Emotions Environment Family Feeding behaviors Food Funding Genes Genetic Genotype Goals Grant Health Impulsivity Individual Differences Infant Informal Social Control Institute of Medicine (U.S.)Laboratories Life Link Measurement Measures Methods Modeling Nursery Schools Obesity Outcome Overweight Palate Parents Pathway interactions Personality Prevalence Prevention Preventive Intervention Preventive care Regulation Reporting Research Rewards Risk Risk Factors Role Sampling Schools Socialization System Temperament Testing Time Visit Weight Weight Gain Withdrawal base behavior change dopamine transporter early childhood feeding follow-up infancy obesity in children obesity risk obesogenic prevent public health relevance rapid growth response social trait

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Obesity in childhood has been increasing at an alarming rate. For children ages 2-5 years, the prevalence of overweight children has almost tripled over the last three decades. Obesity is a multifactorial condition with varying causes including genetic, social, cultural, and behavioral factors, all of which may interact. The aims of the present proposal are to examine a number of these factors and their role in childhood obesity. The proposed study is a follow-up of an infant sample seen at 4, 6, 12 and 18 months of age when temperamental reactivity and parent use of food to soothe was assessed. In the present application we propose to investigate a core developmental construct, self- regulation, which demonstrates rapid growth during the preschool years. As young children develop the ability to regulate their behavior, parents begin to socialize children to rules and standards of behaving. In some instances, parents may turn to instrumental feeding, or the use of food to control or reward behavior. The health outcomes of this feeding practice is expected to be different based on the child's temperamental style and/or their self-regulatory ability. More specifically, instrumental feeding is expected to interact with the genetically-based temperament trait of surgency, which is characterized by a sensitive reward system, to increase the risk of childhood obesity. This hypothesis is guided by the central principle of the proposed study; that temperament is linked to health and adjustment either indirectly by evoking parenting responses or through interactions with parenting behaviors that may either buffer the negative effects or increase the risk for poor outcome. Toward this goal child temperamental reactivity, self-regulation and parenting will be assessed throughout the preschool years of life using multiple methods including laboratory visits, parent reports, and objective measurements. Childhood BMI and weight change are the proposed outcomes. Identifying modifiable factors present early in a child's life will contribute to more successful preventions aimed at reducing childhood and adult obesity.

描述（由申请人提供）：儿童期的肥胖症一直以惊人的速度增加。对于2-5岁的儿童，在过去的三十年中，超重儿童的患病率几乎增加了两倍。肥胖是一种多因素条件，其原因包括遗传，社会，文化和行为因素，所有这些因素都可能相互作用。目的目前的建议是检查许多这些因素及其在儿童肥胖症中的作用。拟议的研究是对4、6、12和18个月大的婴儿样本进行的随访，当时评估了气质反应性和父母使用食物来舒缓的过程。在本应用中，我们建议研究核心发展结构，自我调节，该结构表明在学龄前几年中快速增长。随着年幼的孩子发展行为的能力，父母开始将孩子社交为行为的规则和标准。在某些情况下，父母可能会转向工具喂养，或者使用食物来控制或奖励行为。根据孩子的气质风格和/或他们的自我调节能力，预计这种喂养实践的健康结果将有所不同。更具体地说，工具喂养有望与基于遗传学的手术性质相互作用，其特征在于敏感奖励系统，以增加儿童肥胖症的风险。该假设以拟议研究的中心原则为指导。这种气质与健康和调整有关，可以通过唤起育儿反应或与育儿行为的互动来间接地联系起来，而育儿行为可能会缓解负面影响或增加结果不良的风险。为了实现这一目标，儿童气质反应性，自我调节和育儿将在整个学前班的生活中评估多种方法，包括实验室访问，家长报告和客观测量。童年时期的BMI和体重变化是拟议的结果。确定儿童生命早期出现的可修改因素将导致旨在减少童年和成人肥胖症的更成功的预防。