Individual Differences in Online Sentence Processing and Offline Comprehension

在线句子处理和离线理解的个体差异

• 批准号: 9263692
• 负责人: Matthew Warren Lowder
• 金额: $ 3.31万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT DAVIS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-01-01 至 2017-07-03
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9263692
• 关键词: Address; Adopted; Adult; Area; Behavioral; Cognitive; Comprehension; Development; Electrophysiology (science); Event-Related Potentials; Eye; Eye Movements; Gardenal; Goals; Individual; Individual Differences; Knowledge; Language; Longevity; Measures; Mediating; Methodology; Modeling; Nature; Neurocognitive; Participant; Pattern; Play; Population; Process; Psycholinguistics; Public Health; Reader; Reading; Research; Role; Sampling; Short-Term Memory; Structure; Testing; Theoretical model; Time; Variant; Work; cognitive neuroscience; experience; experimental study; indexing; language comprehension; literacy; literate; novel strategies; preference; public health relevance; reading ability; reading comprehension; relating to nervous system; response; syntax; tool; virtual

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The scientific study of language comprehension has proceeded along two largely independent lines of research: experiments that examine online sentence processing using measures such as eye-tracking during reading and event-related potentials (ERPs) on the one hand, and experiments that probe readers' offline interpretation of what was read on the other. The current project aims to bridge these two areas by investigating the extent to which behavioral and neural measures of online sentence processing can be used to predict readers' offline comprehension of what was read. The project focuses in particular on temporary structural ambiguities (garden-path sentences; e.g., While Anna dressed the baby played in the crib), as previous work has shown that readers differ considerably with respect to their online processing and offline interpretation of these types of sentences. Further, the projec examines how individual differences in two key cognitive constructs-working-memory capacity and print exposure-mediate the relationship between online processing and offline comprehension. The project addresses three specific aims: (1) What are the online reading-time patterns that give rise to correct versus incorrect offline interpretations of temporarily ambiguou sentences? (2) What are the online electrophysiological signatures that give rise to correct versus incorrect interpretations of temporarily ambiguous sentences? (3) How are the relationships between online processing and offline interpretation mediated by individual differences in working-memory capacity and print exposure? The project addresses these three specific aims in two experiments that employ eye-tracking and ERPs to measure online sentence processing, as well as comprehension questions to measure offline interpretation. In addition, reading-span and spatial-span tasks will be administered to assess working-memory capacity, and the Author Recognition Test will be administered to assess print exposure. The knowledge gained from this project will contribute to theoretical models and methodological advancement in the fields of psycholinguistics and the cognitive neuroscience of language.

 描述（由适用提供）：语言理解的科学研究是沿两个很大程度上独立的研究线进行的：一方面使用诸如阅读过程和事件相关的潜力（ERP）等措施进行在线句子处理的实验，以及一方面的实验，这些实验探测了对另一个读取者的离线解释。当前的项目旨在通过研究在线句子处理的行为和神经测量的程度，以预测读者对阅读内容的离线理解。该项目尤其着重于临时的结构歧义（花园路径句子；例如，安娜在婴儿床中打扮的婴儿都打扮成婴儿），因为先前的工作表明，读者在网上处理和离线句子的句子上的解释方面有截然不同的差异。此外，该项目考察了两个关键认知构造中的个体差异如何 - 工作记忆能力和印刷曝光量如何使在线处理与离线理解之间的关系。该项目解决了三个具体目的：（1）在线阅读时间模式是什么引起正确的与临时模棱两可句子的脱机解释有关的？ （2）在线电生理签名是什么导致纠正措施与暂时模棱两可的句子的不正确解释？ （3）在线处理和离线解释之间的关系如何由工作记忆能力和印刷曝光的个体差异介导？该项目在两个实验中解决了这三个特定的目标，这些实验是员工眼球和ERP来衡量在线句子处理以及理解问题以衡量离线解释的问题。此外，将执行阅读跨度和空间跨度任务以评估工作记忆能力，并将管理作者识别测试以评估打印曝光。从该项目中获得的知识将有助于心理语言学领域和语言的认知神经科学领域的理论模型和方法论进步。