Dynamic exposure pathways under conditions of environmental emergencies

突发环境事件下的动态暴露途径

• 批准号: 9257881
• 负责人: Anthony Knap
• 金额: $ 22.09万
• 依托单位: TEXAS A&M UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9257881
• 关键词: Acute; Address; Affect; Area; Calibration; Carbon; Chemicals; Chemistry; Cities; Communication; Communities; Complex; Complex Mixtures; Computer Simulation; Data; Deposition; Disasters; Emergency Situation; Environment; Event; Exposure to; Federal Government; Floods; Foundations; Fresh Water; Gap Junctions; Hazardous Chemicals; Hazardous Substances; Health; Human; Hurricane; Ionic Strengths; Laboratory Study; Marine Sediment; Marines; Methods; Modeling; Modernization; Natural Disasters; Oceans; Output; Pollution; Population; Property; Research; Resolution; Risk; Saline; Sampling; Science; Seawater; Ships; Signal Recognition Particle; Sodium Chloride; Soil; Solid; State Government; Superfund; System; Technology; Testing; Texas; Time; Tissues; Toxic effect; Toxicology; Translational Research; Universities; Water; Weather; Work; aqueous; base; chemical property; climate change; data modeling; environmental change; experience; exposed human population; exposure pathway; field study; man; marine organism; metropolitan; pollutant; predictive modeling; sea level rise; soil sampling; superfund site; three-dimensional modeling; tool; water sampling

Project 1 ABSTRACT The proposed Texas A&M University Superfund Research Center aims to mitigate human exposure to hazardous substances, specifically exposure to mixtures of contaminants that are redistributed by manmade or natural environmental disasters. Project 1 will investigate the redistribution of contaminated sediments from both soils and marine sediments as a consequence of natural disasters such as floods and storms. Changing climate, human-induced land subsidence, and rising sea levels have increased the vulnerability of coastal areas to environmental disasters worldwide. The proposed Center is focused on the Galveston Bay and Houston Ship Channel (GB/HSC), an area where our group has had decades of experience analyzing sediments, tissues of marine organisms, and water samples for legacy contaminants. The GB/HSC area includes the 4th largest metropolitan city in the US and is located near one of the most contaminated marine/coastal areas, with 22 listed or proposed Superfund sites. The area is prone to environmental disasters such as floods, tropical storms, and hurricanes; large storms may redistribute contaminants that are currently bound to sediments throughout the marine area and cause widespread land deposition of contaminants via storm surge and flooding. Our expertise forms a solid foundation to test our central hypothesis that characterizing current sediment and soil contaminant levels, sediment transport, redistribution, and transformation caused by extreme weather emergency events will identify exposure pathways of complex contaminated mixtures and inform methods to predict, respond to, and mitigate these exposures to protect the health of affected populations. Project 1 is critical to the overall Center as it will determine contaminant loading of marine sediments from historical data and new chemical analyses, establish the current background of contaminants in the soils of key areas identified by local communities, and collect and analyze samples before and after storm events. We will work with the Community Engagement Core to determine areas of concern to communities and then sample soils from land and marine sediments. We will also obtain already collected samples from a wide network of State and Federal government collaborators, and analyze all samples for hazardous contaminants of concern to Superfund. Through laboratory studies, we will determine the potential transformation of compounds in sediments as they are transported to land. Furthermore, we will develop predictive hurricane and flood models to determine the extent of hazardous contaminant mobilization during environmental emergencies. These models will be adaptable to other areas in the US and worldwide where similar concerns exist with respect to environmental emergencies that involve possible redistribution of sediments contaminated with hazardous chemicals. Working with the Exposure Science Core, Project 1 will perform targeted and non-targeted analyses of contaminants and characterize exposures under realistic environmental conditions. In addition, Project 1 will provide real-world contaminant mixtures of known and unknown hazardous pollutants to other Cores and Projects to determine the toxicity and risk to communities.

项目 1 摘要 拟建的德克萨斯农工大学超级基金研究中心旨在减少人类接触 有害物质，特别是暴露于人造或重新分布的污染物混合物中 自然环境灾害。项目 1 将调查受污染沉积物的重新分布 洪水和风暴等自然灾害造成的土壤和海洋沉积物。改变 气候、人为引起的地面沉降和海平面上升增加了沿海地区的脆弱性 造成全球环境灾难的地区。拟议的中心重点关注加尔维斯顿湾和 休斯顿船舶航道 (GB/HSC)，我们团队在该领域拥有数十年的分析经验 沉积物、海洋生物组织和水样中的遗留污染物。 GB/HSC 区域 包括美国第四大城市，靠近污染最严重的城市之一 海洋/沿海地区，有 22 个列出或拟定的超级基金地点。该地区是环境灾害的多发区 例如洪水、热带风暴和飓风；大风暴可能会重新分布目前存在的污染物 与整个海洋区域的沉积物结合，并通过以下途径造成污染物广泛的陆地沉积 风暴潮和洪水。我们的专业知识为检验我们的中心假设奠定了坚实的基础： 描述当前沉积物和土壤污染物水平、沉积物迁移、重新分布和 极端天气紧急事件引起的转变将确定复杂的暴露途径 受污染的混合物，并提供预测、响应和减轻这些暴露的方法，以保护 受影响人群的健康。项目 1 对于整个中心至关重要，因为它将确定污染物负荷 从历史数据和新的化学分析中分析海洋沉积物，建立当前的背景 当地社区确定的重点区域土壤中的污染物，并在之前收集和分析样品 以及风暴事件之后。我们将与社区参与核心合作，确定关注的领域 社区，然后从陆地和海洋沉积物中采集土壤样本。我们还将获得已经收集的 来自州和联邦政府合作者的广泛网络的样本，并分析所有样本 超级基金关注的有害污染物。通过实验室研究，我们将确定潜在的 沉积物中的化合物在运输到陆地时发生转化。此外，我们还将开发 预测飓风和洪水模型，以确定危险污染物在飓风和洪水期间迁移的程度 突发环境事件。这些模型将适用于美国和世界各地的其他地区 对于可能涉及资源重新分配的环境紧急情况也存在类似的担忧 被危险化学品污染的沉积物。与暴露科学核心合作，项目 1 将 对污染物进行有针对性和非有针对性的分析，并描述现实条件下的暴露特征 环境条件。此外，项目 1 将提供现实世界中已知和已知污染物的混合物。 未知的危险污染物对其他核心和项目的影响，以确定对社区的毒性和风险。