HIV treatment delays in Latinos: testing a model for social influence and trust

拉丁美洲人的艾滋病毒治疗延迟：测试社会影响和信任模型

• 批准号: 8603567
• 负责人: Aaron Timothy Vissman
• 金额: $ 3.09万
• 依托单位: EMORY UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-07-03 至 2015-07-02
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8603567
• 关键词: AIDS prevention; AIDS/HIV problem; Accounting; Acculturation; Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Address; Adherence; Affect; African American; Anti-Retroviral Agents; Area; Behavioral; CD4 Lymphocyte Count; Caring; Cells; Central America; Clinic; Cohort Studies; Communities; Data; Destinations; Diagnosis; Disease Progression; Documentation; Drug Prescriptions; Early Diagnosis; Early treatment; Funding; Future; HIV; HIV Seropositivity; HIV diagnosis; HIV risk; Health; Heterosexuals; Hispanics; Histoplasmosis; Human immunodeficiency virus test; Immigrant; Individual; Latino; Learning; Length; Life; Link; Measurement; Medical; Mexico; Modeling; National Institute of Mental Health; North Carolina; Opportunistic Infections; Outcome; Participant; Pattern; Persons; Physicians; Population; Population Attributable Risks; Preventive Intervention; Principal Investigator; Process; Provider; Psychosocial Factor; Public Health; Regimen; Reporting; Research; Research Infrastructure; Risk; Sampling; Self Medication; Sexual Health; Social support; Source; Southeastern United States; Testing; Time; Toxoplasmosis; Translating; Treatment outcome; Trust; Tuberculosis; Uninsured; United States; United States National Institutes of Health; Universities; Woman; Work; care seeking; experience; forest; health disparity; meetings; men; nonmedical use; prevent; psychosocial; public health relevance; residence; social; social model; surveillance data; theories

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Early detection of HIV-positive status and entry into treatment is the most efficacious way to prevent the spread and/or progression of the disease. However surveillance data and cohort studies indicate Latinos in the United States (U.S.) are more likely than non-Latino blacks and whites to delay testing, present to care with an AIDS defining illness, and die within one year of learning their HIV-positive status. Recent studies have shown that U.S. immigrants from Mexico and Central America are more likely to delay testing and treatment compared to other foreign-born groups; and Latinos in Southeastern settlement areas may delay seeking care longer than Latinos in more established immigrant destinations. Because time lived in the U.S. and acculturation are often associated with increased behavioral risk and suboptimal health outcomes among Latinos, it is important to understand how combinations of social influences may affect HIV-risk, socio-medical trust, and likelihood of HIV-testing over time. The proposed research will apply Simons-Morton's Social Influences Model to test theoretical links between social influences, trust in medical providers, and likelihood of HIV testing among heterosexually active immigrant men and women. The proposed research uses data from three NIH and extramurally funded studies (2007 - 2009) to address three specific aims: (1) Assess validity of the WFU Physician Trust Scale among Spanish-speaking men and women from Mexico and Central America; (2) Estimate the structural relationships between sojourner social support, acculturative factors, and physician trust adjusting for length of residence in the U.S. and (3) Examine whether "socio-medical trust" moderates the HIV risk and testing relationships among men in the HoMBReS-2 HIV prevention intervention. The proposed research will advance theory and measurement of psychosocial processes in the most rapidly growing U.S. populations experiencing the most severe AIDS-related outcomes.

描述（由申请人提供）：早期检测 HIV 阳性状态并开始治疗是预防疾病传播和/或进展的最有效方法。然而，监测数据和队列研究表明，美国的拉丁裔比非拉丁裔黑人和白人更有可能推迟检测、因患有艾滋病定义的疾病而接受护理、并在得知自己的艾滋病毒呈阳性后一年内死亡。最近的研究表明，与其他外国出生的群体相比，来自墨西哥和中美洲的美国移民更有可能推迟检测和治疗；东南部定居区的拉丁裔美国人可能会比更成熟的移民目的地的拉丁裔美国人延迟寻求医疗服务的时间更长。由于在美国生活的时间和文化适应通常与拉美裔人的行为风险增加和健康结果不佳有关，因此了解社会影响的组合如何影响艾滋病毒风险、社会医疗信任以及艾滋病毒检测的可能性非常重要。时间。 拟议的研究将应用西蒙斯-莫顿的社会影响模型来测试社会影响、对医疗提供者的信任以及异性恋活跃移民男性和女性进行艾滋病毒检测的可能性之间的理论联系。拟议的研究使用来自 NIH 和校外资助的三项研究（2007 - 2009 年）的数据来实现三个具体目标：（1）评估 WFU 医生信任量表在墨西哥和中美洲讲西班牙语的男性和女性中的有效性； (2) 估计旅居者社会支持、文化适应因素和根据在美国居住时间调整的医生信任之间的结构关系；(3) 检查“社会医疗信任”是否会调节 HoMBReS 中男性的 HIV 风险和测试关系-2 HIV预防干预。拟议的研究将推进对经历最严重的艾滋病相关后果的增长最快的美国人口的心理社会过程的理论和测量。