Neural Mechanisms of Cognitive Control in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

创伤后应激障碍认知控制的神经机制

基本信息

批准号：
9031160
负责人：
NEGAR FANI
金额：
$ 13.82万
依托单位：
EMORY UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2014
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2014-05-01 至 2018-03-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9031160
关键词：
Address Affective Amygdaloid structure Anisotropy Anterior Behavior Behavioral Biological Neural Networks Brain Brain region Cognitive Complex Cues Data Data Collection Data Set Diagnosis Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging Dimensions Disease Distress Dorsal Emotional Emotions Faculty Fiber Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Functional disorder Impaired cognition Impairment Individual Intervention Investigation Knowledge Lateral Life Link Literature Location Measures Memory Methods Modeling National Institute of Mental Health Nature Neurobiology Neuronal Dysfunction Neurophysiology - biologic function Neuropsychology Occupational Participant Pattern Performance Positioning Attribute Post-Traumatic Stress Disorders Process Psychopathology Quality of life Reaction Time Recruitment Activity Reporting Research Research Domain Criteria Resources Response Latencies Sampling Stimulus Structure Sum Symptoms Task Performances Theoretical model Thinking Time Training Trauma Work affective neuroscience anxious attentional control behavioral response cingulate cortex clinically relevant cognitive control cognitive task conditioned fear design imaging modality improved neural circuit neural patterning neuroimaging neuromechanism novel professor public health relevance relating to nervous system response skills sound white matter

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Attentional disruptions are among the most commonly-reported and impairing symptoms of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). These problems may reflect abnormalities in cognitive control, a construct characterized by an individual's ability to effectively, and efficiently, manage distracting, emotionally-salient information while they engage in a cognitively-demanding task. Presently, the precise nature of cognitive control abnormalities in PTSD is not well-understood, including the neural mechanisms that subserve these functions. In this K23 application, the P.I. proposes a multi-method approach that includes behavioral data collection, fMRI and Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) to investigate cognitive control processes in individuals with and without PTSD. She proposes the use a novel attentional control task, the Affective Number Stroop, during fMRI to examine PTSD-specific patterns of task performance and neural response; this task requires the viewer to perform a challenging cognitive task while ignoring evocative, often trauma-relevant pictures. The first aim of her study is to examine group-wise differences in response time and task accuracy as participants are presented with trauma-related, positive, and neutral distractors. The second aim is to investigate corresponding patterns of functional connectivity as participants engage in this task. Finally, diffusion tensor Imaging (DTI) will be used to investigate PTSD-specific abnormalities in white matter connections that may contribute to functional differences; this represents the third aim. These three sets of data may reveal distinct patterns of cognitive control dysfunction that are unique to individuals with PTSD; between-group differences in behavioral and fMRI data during task performance will be examined, as well as differences in white matter structure that support the existence of these phenomena. The successful identification of cognitive control abnormalities and their neural mechanisms in PTSD has the power to inform current theoretical models of this disorder, as well as novel, tailored interventions that target these problems. This project draws on the P.I.'s strengths in th fields of neuropsychology, PTSD research, and neuroimaging methods, and expands her training over the course of four years to include an improved knowledge of affective neuroscience paradigms, as well as functional and structural connectivity methods. During this time, as she rises from a junior faculty position to tenured Assistant Professor, the P.I. will obtain the requisite knowledge and skills that will enhance her ability to produce methodologically-sound, and clinically-relevant, research on the neuropsychology of PTSD.

描述（由申请人提供）：注意力中断是创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）最常见和最损害的症状之一。这些问题可能反映了认知控制中的异常情况，这种构造的特征是个人有效，有效地管理分散注意力，情感上的信息，同时他们从事认知要求的任务。目前，PTSD中认知控制异常的确切性质并不是很好地理解，包括供应这些功能的神经机制。在此K23应用程序中提出了一种多方法方法，其中包括行为数据收集，fMRI和扩散张量成像（DTI），以研究有或没有PTSD的个体的认知控制过程。她建议在fMRI期间使用新的注意力控制任务，情感数量Stroop，以检查任务表现和神经反应的PTSD特异性模式。此任务要求观众在忽略回忆性的，通常与创伤相关的图片的同时执行具有挑战性的认知任务。她的研究的第一个目的是检查响应时间和任务准确性的群体差异，因为参与者呈现了与创伤相关，积极和中性的分散术者。第二个目的是研究参与者从事此任务时功能连接性的相应模式。最后，扩散张量成像（DTI）将用于研究白质连接中PTSD特异性异常，这可能导致功能差异。这代表了第三个目标。这三组数据可能会揭示不同的具有PTSD的个体独有的认知控制功能障碍的模式；将检查任务绩效期间行为和fMRI数据的组间差异，以及支持这些现象存在的白质结构的差异。 PTSD中认知控制异常及其神经机制的成功鉴定有能力为这种疾病的当前理论模型以及针对这些问题的新型干预措施提供信息。该项目借鉴了P.I.在神经心理学，PTSD研究和神经影像学方法领域的优势，并在四年的过程中扩展了她的培训，以包括对情感神经科学范式的改进知识以及功能和结构连接方法。在这段时间里，当她从初级教师职位上升到终身助理教授P.I.将获得必要的知识和技能，从而增强她对PTSD神经心理学的方法论和临床相关的研究能力。