Reducing HIV Risk Among Adolescents

降低青少年的艾滋病毒风险

基本信息

批准号：
9116035
负责人：
Laura M. Widman
金额：
$ 31.53万
依托单位：
NORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIVERSITY RALEIGH
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2015
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2015-07-26 至 2018-06-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9116035
关键词：
AIDS/HIV problem Abstinence Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome Adolescence Adolescent Adolescent HIV risk Advisory Committees Age Award Behavior Control Clinical Trials Communication Computers Contracts Data Development Enrollment Female Adolescents Focus Groups Friends Future Gender Goals HIV Health Incidence Infection Intervention Intervention Studies Journalism Knowledge Lead Literature Longitudinal Studies Mediation Mentors Mentorship Methods Newly Diagnosed North Carolina Pathway interactions Pattern Phase Play Population Postdoctoral Fellow Prevention program Process Psychology Public Health Public Health Schools Race Randomized Controlled Trials Research Research Project Grants Risk Risk Behaviors Safe Sex Sampling Schools Scientist Sexual Health Sexually Transmitted Diseases Skills Development Social Sciences Subgroup Target Populations Teenagers Testing Time Training Treatment Efficacy Universities Unsafe Sex Update Work Youth adolescent sexual health base boys career career development computerized condoms consistent condom use design disease transmission disorder prevention effective intervention ethnic diversity experience girls high risk sexual behavior improved innovation intervention program longitudinal design multidisciplinary peer influence prevent prospective sex sexual health intervention sexual role sexually active adolescent skill acquisition skills skills training statistics theories usability

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Career Goal: I am committed to a career as a research scientist working at the intersection of psychology and public health. My goal is to contribute to both basic social science and prevention programs that improve adolescent sexual health and reduce the incidence of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), including HIV/AIDS. Career Development: This Pathway to Independence Award will enhance my methodological and statistical skills and provide the specific training that I need to transition from conducting research on the predictors of risky sexual behaviors that lead to HIV/STD transmission to designing and implementing effective HIV/STD prevention programs for adolescents. During the mentored training phase, my goals are to: 1) master methodological strategies for conducting school-based sexual health research; 2) gain proficiency in the advanced statistics needed to analyze multi-wave longitudinal data; 3) gain the skills necessary to design and implement an effective sexual health intervention; and 4) develop the skills, expertise, and pilot data to facilitate my successful transition from a mentored postdoctoral fellow into a fully independent research scientist. Research Project: In the U.S., youth between the ages of 15-24 years represent 25% of the sexually experienced population, yet they acquire a full 50% of all STDs. This results in over 9 million STDs and 8,300 newly diagnosed cases of HIV each year in this group, with teen girls at greater risk of infection than boys. The goal of the current project is t gain a more comprehensive understanding of the way that sexual communication, defined as the ability to discuss sexual health topics, such as condom use, HIV/STDs, and abstinence, may reduce acts of unprotected sex among teens. Then, using this updated understanding, I will incorporate sexual communication skills training into an innovative, computer-based HIV/STD prevention program for adolescent girls. The project objectives will be achieved through the following three Specific Aims: 1) examine adolescent sexual communication and condom use over time; 2) develop an interactive, computer-based intervention to increase adolescent girls' sexual communication skills; and 3) assess the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of the sexual communication intervention in a randomized controlled trial. Mentorship: A highly accomplished, multidisciplinary team of experts from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill will mentor me in the initial two years of this award and provide ongoing guidance and support as I launch my independent career. This mentoring team includes two primary mentors: Dr. Mitch Prinstein (Department of Psychology) and Dr. Carol Golin (School of Public Health, Center for AIDS Research), and an outstanding scientific advisory committee: Dr. Daniel Bauer (Department of Psychology), Dr. Seth Noar (School of Journalism and Mass Communication), and Dr. Jane Brown (School of Journalism and Mass Communication). Future Directions: The skills achieved and the rich preliminary data from this proposal will directly support a future R01 application to conduct a full clinical trial of the sexual communication intervention.

描述（由申请人提供）：职业目标：我致力于从事心理学与公共卫生交集的研究科学家的职业。我的目标是为改善青少年性健康的基本社会科学和预防计划做出贡献，并减少包括艾滋病毒/艾滋病在内的性传播疾病（STD）的发生率。职业发展：这一获得独立奖的奖项将提高我的方法论和统计技能，并提供我需要过渡的特定培训，从对风险性行为的预测指标进行过渡，这会导致HIV/STD传播到设计和实施有效的HIV/STD青少年的预防计划。在指导的培训阶段，我的目标是：1）进行基于学校的性健康研究的主要方法论策略； 2）熟练掌握分析多波纵向数据所需的高级统计数据； 3）获得设计和实施有效的性健康干预所需的技能； 4）发展技能，专业知识和试点数据，以促进我从受过指导的博士后研究员的成功过渡到完全独立的研究科学家。研究项目：在美国，15-24岁的年轻人占性经验丰富的人口的25％，但他们获得了全部50％的全部性病。这会导致该组中每年超过900万个性病和8,300例新诊断的艾滋病毒病例，而少女感染的风险比男孩更大。当前项目的目的是对T更全面地了解性交流的方式，该方式定义为讨论性健康主题的能力，例如使用避孕套，艾滋病毒/性病和禁欲，可能会减少青少年无保护性行为的行为。然后，使用此最新理解，我将将性沟通技巧培训纳入针对青少年女孩的创新，基于计算机的HIV/STD预防计划。项目目标将通过以下三个特定目的实现：1）随着时间的推移检查青少年性交流和避孕套的使用； 2）开发一种基于计算机的互动性干预措施，以提高青少年女孩的性交技巧； 3）在随机对照试验中评估性交流干预的可行性和初步疗效。指导：来自北卡罗来纳大学教堂山大学的一支高度成就，多学科的专家团队将在该奖项的最初两年中指导我，并在我启动独立职业时提供持续的指导和支持。该指导团队包括两位主要导师：米奇·普林斯坦（Mitch Prinstein）博士（心理学系）和卡罗尔·戈林（Carol Golin）博士（公共卫生学院，艾滋病研究中心），以及杰出的科学咨询委员会：丹尼尔·鲍尔（Daniel Bauer）博士（心理学系），塞思·诺阿尔（Seth Noar）博士（新闻与大众传播学院）和简·布朗（Jane Brown）博士（新闻与大众传播学院）。未来的指示：该提案的技能和丰富的初步数据将直接支持未来的R01应用程序，以进行性交干预的完整临床试验。