Alcohol consumption and RSV infection in airway injury

饮酒和 RSV 感染导致气道损伤

• 批准号: 8764671
• 负责人: Todd A Wyatt
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: OMAHA VA MEDICAL CENTER
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-10-01 至 2015-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8764671
• 关键词: Acute bronchitis; Address; Adult; Alcohol consumption; Alcohols; Asthma; Bacterial Infections; Breathing; Cause of Death; Cell Line; Cell-Cell Adhesion; Cells; Chronic; Chronic Bronchitis; Chronic Obstructive Airway Disease; Cilia; Cystic Fibrosis; Disease; Elements; Epithelial; Epithelial Cells; Epithelium; Frequencies; Functional disorder; Healthcare; Heavy Drinking; Immune; Immune response; Inflammatory; Injury; Lead; Lung; Mediating; Modeling; Morbidity - disease rate; Motor; Mucociliary Clearance; Mus; Patients; Phosphorylation; Population; Production; Protein Isoforms; Protein Kinase C; Proteins; Regulation; Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections; Respiratory syncytial virus; Risk Factors; Small Interfering RNA; Smoker; Smoking; Testing; United States; Viral; Virus; Virus Diseases; airway epithelium; alcohol effect; alcohol exposure; alcohol response; antimicrobial; base; cost; cytotoxicity; in vitro Model; in vivo; in vivo Model; inhibitor/antagonist; injured airway; link protein; mortality; mouse model; pathogen; repaired; research study; respiratory; respiratory infection virus; respiratory virus; response; surfactant; therapeutic target; virus infection mechanism

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): ABSTRACT Respiratory viral infections contribute to the pathophysiology of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbations. COPD exacerbations represent a significant problem and cost to the VA. Respiratory virus infections are known to be more severe in heavy alcohol drinkers leading to post-viral secondary bacterial infections. Many studies have investigated the effect of alcohol on immune cell response, but no studies have addressed the mechanism(s) for alcohol exacerbation of host response to viruses at the level of the mucociliary transport apparatus. Inhaled respiratory viruses specifically infect the ciliated airway epithelia lining the lung airways, which contain the mucociliary apparatus and represents the first line of lung defense against such inhaled viruses. Mucociliary clearance is orchestrated via the beating action of the ciliated cells lining the airways. Respiratory viral infection of the ciliated epithelia results in the slowing of the ciliary beat frequency (CBF) and the detachment or loss of ciliated cells. While the stimulatory mechanisms of ciliary beating have been widely studied, little is known about agents and mechanisms that slow cilia beating or cause ciliated cells to detach. Many agents associated with decreased ciliary beating are capable of activating protein kinase C (PKC) in airway epithelial cells. Recently, we have observed that alcohol greatly potentiates cilia slowing and ciliated cell detachment in an in vivo mouse model of respiratory viral infection. Based on our observations, we hypothesize that: Alcohol potentiates airway viral infection injury by enhancing PKC5-dependent cilia slowing and detachment of ciliated cells. We will test this hypothesis by characterizing the impact of alcohol on respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection using an in vivo mouse exposure model, determining if PKC5 activity regulates ciliated cell detachment in airway epithelial cells from normal and PKC5(-/-) mice, and determining the mechanism of action for alcohol-mediated enhancement of cilia slowing and detachment in response to RSV. By exploiting the strengths of in vivo and in vitro models of cilia regulation, the experiments in these aims are intended to address key unanswered questions regarding how exposure to alcohol functions to disable the normal protective mucociliary clearance apparatus lining the airways leading to sustained and chronic inflammatory airway disease.

项目成果

Neutralization of IL-33 modifies the type 2 and type 3 inflammatory signature of viral induced asthma exacerbation.

• DOI: 10.1186/s12931-021-01799-5
• 发表时间: 2021-07-15
• 期刊: Respiratory research
• 影响因子: 5.8
• 作者: Warren KJ;Poole JA;Sweeter JM;DeVasure JM;Dickinson JD;Peebles RS Jr;Wyatt TA
• 通讯作者: Wyatt TA