Hemispheric asymmetry in auditory processing - spectral and temporal modulations

听觉处理中的半球不对称 - 频谱和时间调制

• 批准号: 8703518
• 负责人: Adeen Flinker
• 金额: $ 5.33万
• 依托单位: NEW YORK UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-09-01 至 2015-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8703518
• 关键词: Address; Animal Model; Animals; Auditory; Auditory area; Back; Bilateral; Clinical; Cognition; Comprehension; Diagnostic; Due Process; Electrocorticogram; Employee Strikes; Exhibits; Fourier Transform; Frequencies; Handedness; Human; Language; Language Disorders; Left; Lesion; Magnetoencephalography; Neurons; Population; Process; Recruitment Activity; Reporting; Research; Resolution; Right-On; Role; Speech; Speech Intelligibility; Stimulus; Techniques; Testing; Time; Uncertainty; Voice; auditory stimulus; computerized tools; language processing; neuromechanism; novel; receptive field; research study; response; speech processing; stimulus processing; tool

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Language processing remains one of the most striking examples of hemispheric asymmetry. While much research has focused on elucidating the functional differences, the exact underlying mechanisms of the laterality remain unknown. Language function is severely disrupted in left but not right hemisphere lesions while damage to the right hemisphere impairs the processing of prosody. Many studies in both humans and animal models have exhibited similar functional asymmetries, nevertheless, the exact neuronal mechanisms underlying hemispheric lateralization in language remain unknown. Several hypotheses have been proposed explaining the functional asymmetries, including a differing hemispheric capacity for temporal and spectral resolution, a difference in the temporal scale of information integration as well as global vs. local processing of stimuli. The aim of this study is to propose and test a unifying hypothesis whereby the left hemisphere processes a wide range of temporal modulations and a limited range of spectral modulations and the right hemisphere processes a wide range of spectral modulations and a limited range of temporal modulations. Using novel stimuli filtering techniques, we propose altering speech stimuli on a spectral modulation and temporal modulation axis and directly test our hypothesis using Magnetoencephalography (MEG) and Electrocorticography (ECoG). Specifically, we will address: 1) Left and right hemisphere sensitivity to spectral and temporal modulations; 2) Task-related modulations of auditory cortex; 3) Spectrotemporal auditory receptive fields in higher order auditory cortical fields. !

描述（由申请人提供）：语言处理仍然是半球不对称最引人注目的例子之一。尽管许多研究都集中在阐明功能差异上，但侧向性的确切潜在机制仍然未知。左半球损伤的语言功能受到严重破坏，而右半球的损伤则不然，而右半球的损伤会损害韵律的处理。许多人类和动物模型研究都表现出类似的功能不对称性，然而，语言半球偏侧化背后的确切神经元机制仍然未知。已经提出了几种假设来解释功能不对称性，包括不同的半球时间和光谱分辨率能力、信息集成的时间尺度的差异以及刺激的全局与局部处理的差异。本研究的目的是 提出并测试一个统一的假设，即左半球处理广泛的时间调制和有限范围的频谱调制，而右半球处理广泛的频谱调制和有限范围的时间调制。使用新颖的刺激过滤技术，我们建议改变频谱调制和时间调制轴上的语音刺激，并使用脑磁图（MEG）和皮质电图（ECoG）直接测试我们的假设。具体来说，我们将解决： 1）左半球和右半球对光谱和时间调制的敏感性； 2）听觉皮层的任务相关调节； 3）高阶听觉皮层区的频谱听觉感受野。 ！