Bio-Specimen Assessment of Fire Effects (B-SAFE) Pregnancy Study

火灾影响生物样本评估 (B-SAFE) 妊娠研究

• 批准号: 9918374
• 负责人: Rebecca Jean Schmidt
• 金额: $ 11.78万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT DAVIS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-04-18 至 2023-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9918374
• 关键词: Affect; Air; Area; Automobile Driving; Behavior; Biological Markers; Birth; Burn injury; California; Chemicals; Child; County; Data; Development; Disasters; Distress; Eligibility Determination; Emotional; Exposure to; Fire - disasters; Formaldehyde; Future; Gestational Age; Glues; Goals; Growth and Development function; Hair; Halogens; Health; Health Planning; High temperature of physical object; Human; Hydrocortisone; Investigation; Location; Low Birth Weight Infant; Masks; Maternal and Child Health; Mental Depression; Metals; Monitor; Mothers; Nature; Outcome; Participant; Particulate Matter; Persons; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Outcome; Pregnant Women; Property; Psychosocial Stress; Public Health; Rain; Recording of previous events; Reporting; San Francisco; Smoke; Solvents; Stress; Structure; Surface; Surveys; Symptoms; System; Time; Visit; Vulnerable Populations; Wildfire; Woman; air filtration; arm; base; biobank; cohort; critical period; fine particles; follow-up; indexing; metropolitan; post-traumatic symptoms; postnatal; pregnant; psychosocial; residence; respiratory; response; sample collection; urban area; volatile organic compound

Abstract On November 8th, 2018, the Camp Fire erupted in Northern California's Butte County. It was the deadliest and most devastating wildfire in California history, with over 153,336 acres burned, 86 confirmed fatalities, over 18,500 structures destroyed including nearly 14,000 residences. Over 50,000 people were evacuated. This fire was unusual not only in its scale and the rapidity of its spread to urban areas, but also in the vast area blanketed in smoke that followed for a defined window of two weeks until the first rainfall. The wildfire smoke plume spread quickly across vast areas of Northern California, and the air quality index was at hazardous levels for most of Northern California for two weeks, with particulate matter <2.5 µm (PM2.5) concentrations reaching the highest levels ever recorded in the region, including large metropolitan areas like Sacramento, Oakland, San Francisco, and San Jose, affecting millions, including ~100,000 pregnant women. There are widespread concerns about potential health impacts of these urban wildfires and how to mitigate their effects, especially in vulnerable populations like pregnant women and their developing children. Exposure to extremely unhealthy levels of wildfire PM2.5 for nearly two weeks for the majority who were unable to leave Northern California are compounded by the unique composition of urban wildfire smoke. An array of potentially toxic volatile organic compounds may be released with high temperature combustion of chemicals widely used in building construction and interior furnishings, such as solvents, glues, metals, formaldehydes, and halogens. Additionally, like other disasters that act as inherently unpredictable forces of nature that threaten person and property, wildfires can induce emotional and psychosocial distress and potentially long-term consequences like persistent post-traumatic stress symptoms and depression. Exposures to contaminants and stress in combination could have serious long-term developmental consequences if delivered during critical periods in pregnancy. The goal of this R21 is to rapidly establish a cohort of women who were at different stages of pregnancy during the Camp Fire and their children, collect biosamples and survey information that will be used in future studies to determine exposure loads, mechanistic responses, health biomarkers and developmental outcomes. The cohort will have two eligibility arms: a) those residing within our target area closest to the fire and within a feasible driving distance for in-person pregnancy, delivery, and postnatal visits and future follow- up and b) women in Northern California pregnant during the Camp Fire who will complete an online survey and mail in biospecimens. Participant near-surface wildfire PM2.5 exposure estimated from satellite and ground monitor data, potential exposure-reducing behaviors, and residence aspects will be examined in relation to maternal symptoms, stress biomarkers, and child gestational age and birthweight. The cohort and biorepository established through this proposal will support future studies to understand and minimize the developmental effects of future wildfires, as they increase in number, duration, and intensity.

抽象的 2018年11月8日，北加州比尤特县爆发了营地大火。这是最致命的 在加利福尼亚历史上，最毁灭性的野火遭到了153,336英亩的土地，有86人确认死亡，超过 摧毁了18,500个结构，其中包括近14,000个住宅。超过50,000人被撤离。这大火 不仅在规模上和蔓延到城市地区的速度不寻常，而且在广阔的地区也是如此 被烟雾覆盖，随后是两个星期的定义窗户，直到第一次降雨。野火烟 梅子迅速散布在北加州的广大地区，空气质量指数处于危险之中 北加州大部分地区的水平两周，特别是物质<2.5 µm（PM2.5）浓度 达到该地区有史以来记录的最高水平，包括萨克拉曼多等大都市地区 奥克兰，旧金山和圣何塞，影响了数百万，其中包括约100,000名孕妇。有 广泛关注这些城市野火潜在健康影响以及如何减轻其影响的担忧， 尤其是在孕妇及其发展中的孩子等弱势群体中。暴露于极端 对于无法离开北部的大多数人来说，将近两个星期的野火PM2.5水平不健康 加利福尼亚州的城市野火烟雾的独特组成使加利福尼亚更加复杂。一系列潜在的有毒 可以通过广泛使用的化学物质组合释放挥发性有机化合物 建筑建筑和内部家具，例如解决方案，胶水，金属，甲醛和卤素。 此外，像其他灾难一样，这些灾难是威胁人和威胁人的本质上不可预测的自然力量 财产，野火可以诱发情绪和社会心理困扰，并可能带来长期后果 创伤后应激症状和抑郁症。暴露于污染物和压力 组合在关键时期内交付，可能会产生严重的长期发展后果 怀孕。该R21的目的是迅速建立一群处于不同阶段的女性 营地大火期间的怀孕及其子女，收集将使用的生物样本和调查信息 在未来的研究中，以确定暴露载荷，机理反应，健康生物标志物和发展性 结果。该队列将有两个资格武器：a）居住在最接近火的目标区域内的武器 在可行的驾驶距离内，可以进行亲自怀孕，分娩和产后访问以及将来的后续访问 - UP和b）在营地大火期间，北加州的妇女将完成在线调查，并 生物测量中的邮件。参与者近地表野火PM2.5从卫星和地面估计 监视数据，潜在的减少暴露行为和居住方面 产妇症状，压力生物标志物以及儿童胎龄和体重。队列和 通过本提案建立的生物座席将支持未来的研究，以了解和最大程度地减少 未来野火的发展影响，随着数量，持续时间和强度的增加。