Attentional Retraining for Tobacco Dependence

针对烟草依赖的注意力再训练

• 批准号: 8699165
• 负责人: ANDREW J WATERS
• 金额: $ 15.64万
• 依托单位: HENRY M. JACKSON FDN FOR THE ADV MIL/MED
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-05-01 至 2017-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8699165
• 关键词: Abstinence; Adult; Anxiety; Attention; Cellular Phone; Cessation of life; Control Groups; Counseling; Cues; Development; Disease; Dose; Drug usage; Enrollment; Exhibits; Goals; Individual; Internet; Intervention; Laboratories; Lead; Maintenance; Measures; Mediating; Participant; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Process; Public Health; Randomized; Reporting; Research Personnel; Role; Schedule; Smoker; Smoking; Stimulus; Time; Tobacco Dependence; Tobacco use; Training; United States; Visual; addiction; attentional bias; clinically significant; cognitive process; cognitive retraining; cognitive training; cost; craving; design; drug relapse; interest; smoking cessation

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Tobacco use remains the leading cause of preventable death in the United States, and there is a need for new interventions for tobacco dependence. There has been increasing interest in developing interventions that directly target attentional processes. In attentional re-training (AR), cognitive experimental paradigms are re-designed so that they can actually modify (rather than simply measure) attentional processes. Hitherto, researchers have administered AR in the laboratory or over the internet. We will investigate the efficacy of AR administered on a Smart Phone multiple times per day. Adult smokers (N = 144) who wish to quit smoking will enroll in a study examining the effects of AR on attentional bias, craving, and smoking. They will be randomly assigned to either an AR group or a control group. They will be given a Smart Phone to carry around with them for 21 days prior to their scheduled quit day, and for 21 days after their scheduled quit day. Participants will be scheduled to complete AR (or control) tasks 3 times per day. In addition, participants will complete two attentional bias tasks (visual probe task and modified Stroop task) per day on the Smart Phone both pre- and post- quit. All participants will receive individualized smoking cessation counseling. The Specific Aims are to examine whether AR (delivered on a Smart Phone) can: 1) reduce attentional bias to smoking-related stimuli in smokers wishing to quit; 2) reduce craving in smokers wishing to quit; and 3) reduce smoking.

描述（由申请人提供）：烟草使用仍然是美国可预防死亡的主要原因，并且需要对烟草依赖的新干预措施。人们对开发直接针对注意力过程的干预措施的兴趣越来越大。在注意力重新训练（AR）中，认知实验范例得到了重新设计，以便它们实际上可以修改（而不是简单地衡量）注意过程。迄今为止，研究人员已在实验室或互联网上管理AR。我们将每天多次研究AR管理的AR疗效。希望戒烟的成年吸烟者（n = 144）将参加研究AR对注意力偏见，渴望和吸烟的影响的研究。它们将被随机分配到AR组或对照组。他们将获得一部智能手机，在预定退出的一天之前以及预定退出一天后的21天随身携带21天。参与者将计划每天完成3次AR（或控制）任务。此外，参与者将在智能手机前和退出后完成两项注意力偏置任务（视觉探测任​​务和修改后的Stroop任务）。所有参与者将获得个性化的戒烟咨询。具体目的是检查AR（在智能手机上交付）是否可以：1）减少希望戒烟的吸烟者的注意力偏见； 2）减少希望戒烟的吸烟者的渴望； 3）减少吸烟。