fMRI of human LGN: Functional subdivisions and geniculocortical connectivity

人类 LGN 的功能磁共振成像：功能细分和膝皮质连接

• 批准号: 8815317
• 负责人: David Alan Feinberg
• 金额: $ 21.92万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA BERKELEY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-04-01 至 2017-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8815317
• 关键词: Affect; Area; Attention; Brain; Brain region; Color; Data; Disease; Dorsal; Dyslexia; Environment; Frequencies; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Future; Goals; Health; Human; Image; Imaging technology; Impairment; Individual; Influentials; Injury; Investigation; Lateral Geniculate Body; Link; Location; Maps; Measurement; Measures; Morphologic artifacts; Motion Perception; Nature; Participant; Pathway interactions; Pattern; Photic Stimulation; Physiologic pulse; Physiological; Population; Process; Property; Protocols documentation; Public Health; Relative (related person); Research; Resolution; Resources; Rest; Retina; Retinal Ganglion Cells; Running; Schizophrenia; Series; Signal Transduction; Silver; Stimulus; Stream; Structure; Techniques; Testing; Thalamic structure; Time; Ursidae Family; Vision; Visual; Visual Cortex; Visual Pathways; Visual system structure; area V1; area striata; base; blood oxygenation level dependent response; design; experience; extrastriate visual cortex; information processing; insight; koniocellular; luminance; magnocellular; object recognition; parvocellular; relating to nervous system; response; retinotopic; sample fixation; segregation; temporal measurement; theories; therapy development; visual information; visual neuroscience; visual process; visual processing; visual stimulus

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The goal of this project is to investigate two fundamental visual processing streams in the human brain, the magnocellular and parvocellular pathways. These pathways are physically segregated in subdivisions of the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) of the thalamus, a subcortical visual structure that connects the retina to the visual cortex. The magnocellular and parvocellular subdivisions of the LGN have different and complementary visual functions but have been difficult to study in humans due to their small size and subcortical location deep within the brain. A better understanding of the functional specialization of these pathways is important for public health, because deficits in specific subdivisions have been associated with human disorders such as dyslexia and schizophrenia. Further, it has been proposed that the magnocellular and parvocellular subdivisions preferentially provide input to large-scale visual pathways in dorsal and ventral cortex, respectively, but the precise relationships between subcortical and cortical pathway organization in the human brain remain unknown. We propose to use functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) with high spatial and temporal resolution to noninvasively characterize responses to visual stimulation in human LGN. By presenting visual stimuli known to preferentially drive activity within a single subdivision, we will localize the magnocellular and parvocellular subdivisions within the LGN in each participant based on their patterns of visual responses. The localization technique we will develop may be used in the future to characterize the functional properties of the magnocellular and parvocellular subdivisions in both healthy and diseased brains. We will then investigate the functional relationships among large-scale visual cortical networks and the magnocellular and parvocellular LGN subdivisions. To do this, we will employ recent advances in imaging technology for fMRI to obtain measures of connectivity between each subdivision and each of many objectively defined cortical areas, based on correlated fMRI activity in pairs of brain regions. This investigation will help to precisely characterize relationships between subcortical and cortical visual pathways and will assess an influential but incompletely tested theory about the relative contributions of magnocellular and parvocellular pathways to visual processing in dorsal and ventral cortex. A more complete understanding of the normal functional organization of subcortical and cortical visual pathways is critical for developing treatments for multiple diseases, disorders, and injuries that affect visual areas of the brain.

描述（由申请人提供）：该项目的目的是研究人脑中的两个基本视觉处理流，即巨细胞和副细胞途径。这些途径在丘脑的横向基因核（LGN）的细分中进行了物理隔离，丘脑是一种将视网膜连接到视觉皮层的皮层下视觉结构。 LGN的巨细胞和副细胞细分具有不同的和互补的视觉功能，但由于大脑内部深处的小尺寸和皮层下位置，在人类中很难研究。更好地了解这些途径的功能专业知识对公共卫生很重要，因为特定细分的缺陷与阅读障碍和精神分裂症等人类疾病有关。此外，已经提出，大细胞和细胞细胞细胞优先为背侧和腹侧皮层中的大规模视觉途径提供了输入，但是人脑中皮层和皮质途径组织之间的精确关系仍然未知。 我们建议使用具有高空间和时间分辨率的功能磁共振成像（fMRI），以表征人类LGN视觉刺激的反应。通过呈现已知可以在单个细分中驱动活性的可视觉刺激，我们将根据其视觉响应的模式在每个参与者的LGN中定位在LGN中的大细胞和细胞细胞细分。将来我们将开发的本地化技术可以用来表征健康和患病大脑中巨细胞和细胞细胞细胞细分的功能特性。 然后，我们将研究大规模视觉皮质网络以及大细胞和偏细胞LGN细分之间的功能关系。为此，我们将基于大脑区域对fMRI的相关活性，利用fMRI的成像技术的最新进展来获得每个细分与许多客观定义的皮质区域之间的连通性测量。这项研究将有助于精确表征皮层和皮质视觉途径之间的关系，并将评估有关巨细胞和副细胞途径在背侧和腹侧皮层中视觉处理的相对贡献的影响但未完全测试的理论。对皮层和皮质视觉途径的正常功能组织的更完整了解对于开发影响大脑视觉区域的多种疾病，疾病和伤害的治疗至关重要。