Neurocognitive Risk For Alcoholism Into Adulthood

成年期酗酒的神经认知风险

• 批准号: 8705323
• 负责人: Mary M Heitzeg
• 金额: $ 60.95万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2000
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2000-06-01 至 2016-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8705323
• 关键词: Address; Adolescence; Adult; Age; Alcohol abuse; Alcohol consumption; Alcohol or Other Drugs use; Alcoholism; Amygdaloid structure; Animals; Attention; Back; Behavior; Behavior Control; Behavioral; Biological Neural Networks; Brain; Communities; Consumption; Cues; Development; Distal; Drug usage; Early identification; Early treatment; Environmental Risk Factor; Family Study; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Gambling; Goals; Heavy Drinking; Human; Image; Impairment; Incentives; Individual; Individual Differences; Intervention; Investigation; Iowa; Knowledge; Life; Life Cycle Stages; Longevity; Longitudinal Studies; Maps; Medial; Mediating; Mediation; Mediator of activation protein; Michigan; Neighborhoods; Neural Pathways; Neurocognition; Neurocognitive; Neurophysiology - biologic function; Outcome; Participant; Pattern; Personality; Personality Assessment; Play; Population; Predisposition; Prevention; Process; Public Health; Regulation; Rewards; Risk; Risk-Taking; Role; Sampling; Services; Short-Term Memory; Social Environment; Social Network; Social Policies; Social support; Staging; Substance Use Disorder; System; Temperament; Time; Ventral Striatum; Work; alcohol involvement; alcohol risk; alcohol use disorder; base; career; critical developmental period; discounting; drinking; drinking behavior; early adolescence; early childhood; emerging adult; high risk; neural circuit; neuropsychological; operation; peer; prevent; programs; psychologic; reinforcer; relating to nervous system; resilience; response; social; young adult

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The scientific issues of this project are focused around four core developmental phenomena of the 18-23 year old period: 1) this period is normatively the highest alcohol consumption interval in the life course; 2) toward the end of this interval, for the majority of young adults, a decrease in consumption begins to take place; 3) for a higher risk subset of the population, the high consumption pattern continues; and 4) while these critical behavioral shifts are occurring, the neural networks responsible for effortful control and reward response/incentive reactivity are also maturing, albeit at different rates. Three corollary, as yet unanswered questions critical to both social policy about youthful drinking and intervention, are to be addressed: A) To what degree are the changes in drinking behavior taking place over this developmental interval attributable to the maturation of these neural networks?; B) Does heavy alcohol consumption influence the maturation of these networks?; C) How do social environmental reinforcers and prior individual differences in risk mediate or moderate both of these outcomes? During the past 5 years, this project has investigated neurocognitive and functional brain indicators of later problem alcohol use, identifying trajectories of problem use and neural indicators of risk and resilience. This revised continuation project builds on this prior work by extending the investigation into early adulthood and identifying effects of heavy drinking on personality, neurocognition and brain function as well as the interactions between early risk, heavy drinking, and social context (social supports, peer drinking, environmental insults) throughout adolescence and early adulthood. Subjects are participants in the Michigan Longitudinal Study, a high risk for alcohol use disorder family study that has been characterizing temperament, behavioral risk and social context since early childhood and neurocognitive risk since early adolescence. Associated brain function has been studied using fMRI since late adolescence in a subset of these participants. Over the next 5 years, the study will probe the two domains of Effortful Control, and Incentive Reactivity, assessed at the levels of brain function (Regulation/dysregulation of frontostriatal and frontolimbic circuitry and connectivity), neurocognition, and personality. Neurocognitive and personality assessments will continue at 3 year intervals (N= 1456), starting at age 12; a subset of participants (N = 225) will continue to be assessed yearly via fMRI starting at age 18. An important new focus of the imaging work is the interaction between frontal and subcortical processes, to be explored longitudinally using a delayed discounting task, and frontostriatal and frontolimbic functional connectivity analyses. Results will developmentally characterize the relationship between drinking behavior, social environment, and brain function and connectivity change. A special focus is the extent to which drinking behavior lags brain change or leads it, and the role that social environment plays in moderating such change.

描述（由申请人提供）：该项目的科学问题集中在18-23岁的历史时期的四种核心发展现象围绕：1）这一时期是生活过程中最高的酒精消耗间隔； 2）在此间隔结束时，对于大多数年轻人而言，消费开始下降； 3）对于较高的人口风险子集，高消费模式仍在继续； 4）尽管发生了这些关键的行为转移，但负责努力控制和奖励反应/激励反应性的神经网络也在成熟，尽管以不同的速度。要解决的三个推论，尚未解决有关社会政策有关年轻饮酒和干预措施的至关重要的问题：a）饮酒行为的变化在多大程度上是由于这些神经网络成熟的发展间隔吗？ b）大量饮酒会影响这些网络的成熟吗？ c）社会环境增强剂和风险中的以前的个人差异如何调解或适度这两种结果？在过去的五年中，该项目研究了以后的饮酒问题的神经认知和功能性脑指标，确定了问题使用的轨迹以及风险和韧性的神经指标。这个经过修订的延续项目是基于先前工作的，通过将调查扩展到成年早期，并确定大量饮酒对人格，神经认知和大脑功能以及早期风险，重型饮酒和社交环境（社交支持，同伴饮酒，环境损害，环境损害）之间的相互作用，整个青春期和早期的互动。受试者是《密歇根州纵向研究》的参与者，这是一种饮酒障碍家庭研究的高风险，自从青春期以来，自儿童早期和神经认知风险以来一直在表征气质，行为风险和社会环境。自青少年后期以来，在这些参与者的一部分中，已经使用fMRI研究了相关的大脑功能。在接下来的5年中，该研究将在脑功能水平（调节/失调的额叶和额叶额叶电路和连通性），神经认知和人格性范围内评估两个努力控制和激励反应性的领域。神经认知和人格评估将以3年的间隔（n = 1456）继续，从12岁开始；参与者的子集（n = 225）将继续每年通过fMRI从18岁开始评估。成像工作的一个重要重点是额叶和皮层过程之间的相互作用，将使用延迟的折现任务，额叶和额叶和额叶和额叶功能连接分析进行纵向探索。结果将在发展上表征饮酒行为，社交环境与大脑功能与连通性变化之间的关系。一个特别的重点是饮酒行为落后于大脑的变化或导致饮酒行为，以及社会环境在调节这种变化中所扮演的角色。