Neural synchronization of human frontoparietal cortex

人类额顶皮层的神经同步

• 批准号: 8542898
• 负责人: CLAYTON E CURTIS
• 金额: $ 7.56万
• 依托单位: NEW YORK UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-09-10 至 2015-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8542898
• 关键词: Adaptive Behaviors; Anxiety; Area; Attention; Autistic Disorder; Biological Neural Networks; Brain; Clinical; Cognition; Collaborations; Communication; Coupling; Data; Databases; Decision Making; Delayed Memory; Diagnosis; Disease; Electrodes; Electroencephalography; Environment; Epilepsy; Event; Exhibits; Frequencies; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Functional disorder; Future; Goals; Grant; Hand; High Frequency Oscillation; Human; Intractable Epilepsy; Knowledge; Maintenance; Measures; Memory; Mental Depression; Mental disorders; Mission; Modeling; Motor; Neurologic Symptoms; Neurons; Organism; Outcome; Parietal; Parietal Lobe; Patients; Perception; Phase; Population; Prefrontal Cortex; Prevention; Process; Psyche structure; Public Health; Reading; Recurrence; Research; Research Personnel; Resolution; Role; Saccades; Scalp structure; Schizophrenia; Short-Term Memory; Signal Transduction; Structure; Surface; System; Testing; Time; Work; base; executive function; frontal lobe; innovation; insight; nervous system disorder; neural model; neuromechanism; patient population; relating to nervous system; response; sensory integration; sensory stimulus; stem; theories

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Neural activity persists during the maintenance of working memory (WM) representations and is thought to integrate perception and action over time and across brain areas through the coordination of multiple neural systems. Yet, there is a fundamental gap in understanding the neural mechanisms by which WM coordinates large-scale brain networks. This gap in knowledge is a critical problem because a host of psychiatric and neurologic symptoms stem from a primary WM dysfunction. The long-term goal of this work is to understand the mechanisms by which high-level cognition emerges through the temporal integration of sensory and motor functions across the cortex. The proposal's objective is to test new models of how the synchronization of neuronal oscillations may provide a neural mechanism for structuring recurrent interactions between different nodes in neural networks that support cognition. The central aim of the project is to test several critical predictions from recet theories of the role of neural oscillations and synchrony in high-level cognition using intracrania electroencephalography (iEEG) recordings from the prefrontal and posterior parietal cortices of human patients with pharmacologically intractable epilepsy. The rationale for the proposed research is that, as we better understand the mechanisms by which nodes in large-scale networks interact to give rise to high-level cognition, we will then be able to devise strategies fr understanding the basis, treatment, and prevention of mental disease. The objective will be to test, refine, and possibly refute, tenets of neural synchronization theories and will be accomplished by pursuing three specific aims: 1) Identify the frequencies at which neural oscillations persist during WM maintenance; 2) Test if WM maintenance enhances oscillatory frontal-parietal coupling; and 3) Determine how neural oscillations in different frequency bands interact. Strong preliminary data based on neural activity recorded from subdural electrodes on the surface of the frontal and parietal cortices of patients performing a memory guided saccade task demonstrate the feasibility of project aims in the applicant's hands. Under aim 1, gamma and alpha band oscillations were delay period (i.e., WM related) as well as spatially selective (i.e., contralateralized). Under aim 2, neural oscillations in frontal and parietal cortex synchronized during WM maintenance. Under aim 3, the phase of low frequency oscillations modulated the power of high frequency oscillations during WM maintenance. The approach is innovative because it capitalizes on an extremely rare population of patients with subdural electrodes over frontal and parietal cortex and relies on iEEG recording of neural signals that have the requisite sensitivity and temporal resolution to directly test recent theories of neural synchronization. The proposed research is significant because it is expected to test critical models of how neural oscillations structure computation and communication in the human brain thereby providing a thorough theoretical framework within which clinical researchers can develop strategies for the diagnosis and treatment of psychiatric and neurologic disorders.

描述（由申请人提供）：神经活动在工作记忆（WM）表征的维持过程中持续存在，并且被认为通过多个神经系统的协调随着时间的推移跨大脑区域整合感知和行动。然而，在理解 WM 协调大规模大脑网络的神经机制方面存在根本性的差距。这种知识差距是一个关键问题，因为许多精神和神经系统症状源于原发性 WM 功能障碍。这项工作的长期目标是了解通过皮层感觉和运动功能的时间整合产生高级认知的机制。该提案的目的是测试新模型，了解神经元振荡的同步如何提供一种神经机制，用于构建支持认知的神经网络中不同节点之间的循环交互。该项目的中心目标是使用来自药物难治性癫痫患者的前额叶和后顶叶皮质的颅内脑电图（iEEG）记录来测试神经振荡和同步在高级认知中的作用的最新理论的几个关键预测。这项研究的基本原理是，随着我们更好地理解大规模网络中的节点相互作用以产生高级认知的机制，我们将能够制定策略来理解其基础、治疗和预防的精神疾病。目标是测试、完善并可能反驳神经同步理论的原则，并将通过追求三个具体目标来实现：1）确定 WM 维持期间神经振荡持续存在的频率； 2）测试WM维护是否增强了额叶-顶叶的振荡耦合； 3) 确定不同频段的神经振荡如何相互作用。基于执行记忆引导扫视任务的患者额叶和顶叶皮质表面的硬膜下电极记录的神经活动的强有力的初步数据证明了申请人手中项目目标的可行性。在目标 1 下，伽马和阿尔法波段振荡具有延迟周期（即 WM 相关）以及空间选择性（即对侧）。在目标 2 下，额叶和顶叶皮层的神经振荡在 WM 维持期间同步。在目标 3 下，低频振荡的相位在 WM 维护期间调制高频振荡的功率。该方法具有创新性，因为它利用了极少数在额叶和顶叶皮质上有硬膜下电极的患者，并依赖于神经信号的 iEEG 记录，这些信号具有直接测试最新神经同步理论所需的灵敏度和时间分辨率。这项研究意义重大，因为它有望测试神经振荡如何构建人脑计算和通信的关键模型，从而提供一个全面的理论框架，临床研究人员可以在其中制定诊断和治疗精神和神经疾病的策略。