Examining Social Influences on Young Adult Smoking and Cessation Trajectories

检查社会对年轻人吸烟和戒烟轨迹的影响

基本信息

批准号：
8909084
负责人：
Andrea Villanti
金额：
$ 7.38万
依托单位：
TRUTH INITIATIVE FOUNDATION
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2014
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2014-08-08 至 2017-07-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8909084
关键词：
Address Adolescent Adult Age Alcohol consumption Antismoking Behavior Belief Cancer Prevention Intervention Cereals Characteristics Cigarette Cognition Cohort Studies Consumption Data Development Ecological momentary assessment Extended Family Family Frequencies Future Goals Health High Prevalence Hour Individual Intervention Lead Learning Longevity Measures Pathway interactions Pattern Phase Prevention Public Health Reporting Research Risk Sampling Schools Secondary Cancer Prevention Smoke Smoker Smoking Smoking Behavior Smoking Cessation Intervention Social Behavior Social Characteristics Social Development Social Identification Socialization Time Tobacco use Work Youth age group aged cigarette smoking cohort deviant experience follow-up peer phase 1 study phase 3 study programs smoking cessation social social norm social situation theories young adult

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Young adulthood (ages 18-24) is a critical developmental transition and provides an enormous opportunity to alter trajectories of smoking behavior for a large public health impact. Young adult smokers, in particular, have eluded both youth prevention and adult cessation intervention efforts. Recent increases in the rate of young adult smoking initiation and rate of transition to regular smoking have been reported along with the high prevalence of the phenomenon of "social smoking" in this age group (51%-62%). The long-term tobacco use behaviors of social smoking young adults (SSYAs) are unknown, but it is likely that approximately half will escalate to heavier cigarette use during young adulthood or that their pattern of social smoking will remain stable throughout adulthood. SSYAs present both a vital challenge and an opportunity for smoking cessation, but this requires a better understanding of potentially modifiable factors that contribute to risk. The current project uses primary socialization theory (PST) to address the intersection of social development and smoking behavior in young adulthood, identifying characteristics of and risk pathways leading from social smoking, a highly prevalent pattern of smoking among young adults. PST posits that individuals learn normative and deviant behavior mainly from a small number of social influences that change dynamically with lifespan transitions. The primary socialization influences in young adulthood are environmental (work, school), peer clusters, extended family, and the new family contexts created in this developmental period. The goal of the current study is to examine, in-depth, the characteristics of SSYAs, their potential smoking risk trajectories, and possible avenues for smoking cessation intervention. The proposal leverages information from two large contemporary cohorts of U.S. young adults (aged 18-24) with rich data on trajectories of cigarette smoking behavior, social influences on smoking, and social and contextual influences on "in the moment" smoking behavior among young adults. The two cohorts are: 1) a national sample of young adults aged 18-24 (n = 864 at baseline) Legacy Young Adult Cohort Study with semi- annual assessments over three years and 2) an at-risk group of adolescents followed during young adulthood (n = 1,027 at 5-year follow-up; NCI Program Project 2P01CA098262) using a combination of three annual assessments and two week-long sessions of daily ecological momentary assessment (EMA). Phase I of the study will use latent class analysis to define SSYAs in both cohorts (Aim 1) and Phase II will apply this definition to trajectory analyses in both cohorts, exploring tobacco use patterns among SSYAs compared to other young adult smokers (Aims 2 and 3). Phase III of the study takes a fine-grained approach to explore the proximal effect of social influences on smoking and cessation behavior and the potential of social smoking to serve as a moderator of this effect (Aim 4). This research lays the groundwork for developing more effective primary and secondary cancer prevention interventions for SSYAs by elucidating the social factors that maintain or impede smoking behavior in this important group.

描述（由申请人提供）：青年期（18-24 岁）是一个关键的发展转变，为改变吸烟行为轨迹提供了巨大的机会，从而对公共健康产生巨大影响。尤其是年轻的成年吸烟者，逃避了青少年预防和成人戒烟干预工作。据报道，最近年轻人开始吸烟的比率和向经常吸烟转变的比率有所增加，同时该年龄组中“社交吸烟”现象的流行率很高（51％-62％）。社交吸烟年轻人（SSYA）的长期烟草使用行为尚不清楚，但很可能大约一半的人会在成年早期升级为更大量吸烟，或者他们的社交吸烟模式将在整个成年期保持稳定。 SSYA 对戒烟既是一个重大挑战，也是一个机会，但这需要更好地了解导致风险的潜在可改变因素。当前的项目使用初级社会化理论（PST）来解决年轻人的社会发展和吸烟行为的交叉点，识别社交吸烟的特征和风险路径，社交吸烟是年轻人中非常普遍的吸烟模式。 PST 认为，个人主要从少数随着寿命转变而动态变化的社会影响中学习规范和异常行为。成年早期的主要社会化影响是环境（工作、学校）、同伴群体、大家庭以及在这个发展时期创建的新家庭环境。本研究的目标是深入研究 SSYA 的特征、其潜在的吸烟风险轨迹以及戒烟干预的可能途径。该提案利用了两个大型当代美国年轻人群体（18-24 岁）的信息，其中包含有关吸烟行为轨迹、社会对吸烟的影响以及社会和环境对年轻人“当下”吸烟行为的影响的丰富数据。。这两个队列是：1) 18-24 岁年轻人的全国样本（基线时 n = 864 人）传统青年队列研究，每半年进行一次评估，为期三年；2) 在青年时期跟踪的高危青少年群体成年期（n = 1,027 人，5 年随访；NCI 计划项目 2P01CA098262），结合三项年度评估和为期两周的日常评估生态瞬时评估（EMA）。该研究的第一阶段将使用潜在类别分析来定义两个队列中的 SSYA（目标 1），第二阶段将将此定义应用于两个队列中的轨迹分析，探索 SSYA 与其他年轻成年吸烟者相比的烟草使用模式（目标 2 和3）。该研究的第三阶段采用细粒度的方法来探索社会影响对吸烟和戒烟行为的近端效应，以及社交吸烟作为这种效应调节剂的潜力（目标 4）。这项研究通过阐明维持或阻碍这一重要群体吸烟行为的社会因素，为为 SSYA 制定更有效的一级和二级癌症预防干预措施奠定了基础。