Examining Social Influences on Young Adult Smoking and Cessation Trajectories

检查社会对年轻人吸烟和戒烟轨迹的影响

• 批准号: 8757605
• 负责人: Andrea Villanti
• 金额: $ 7.38万
• 依托单位: TRUTH INITIATIVE FOUNDATION
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-08-08 至 2016-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8757605
• 关键词: Address; Adolescent; Adult; Age; Alcohol consumption; Antismoking; Behavior; Belief; Cancer Prevention Intervention; Cereals; Characteristics; Cigarette; Cognition; Cohort Studies; Consumption; Data; Development; Extended Family; Family; Frequencies; Future; Goals; High Prevalence; Hour; Individual; Intervention; Lead; Learning; Longevity; Measures; Pathway interactions; Pattern; Phase; Prevention; Public Health; Reporting; Research; Risk; Sampling; Schools; Secondary Cancer Prevention; Smoke; Smoker; Smoking; Smoking Behavior; Smoking Cessation Intervention; Social Behavior; Social Characteristics; Social Development; Social Identification; Socialization; Time; Tobacco use; Work; Youth; age group; aged; cigarette smoking; cohort; deviant; experience; follow-up; peer; phase 1 study; phase 3 study; programs; public health relevance; smoking cessation; social; social norm; theories; young adult

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Young adulthood (ages 18-24) is a critical developmental transition and provides an enormous opportunity to alter trajectories of smoking behavior for a large public health impact. Young adult smokers, in particular, have eluded both youth prevention and adult cessation intervention efforts. Recent increases in the rate of young adult smoking initiation and rate of transition to regular smoking have been reported along with the high prevalence of the phenomenon of "social smoking" in this age group (51%-62%). The long-term tobacco use behaviors of social smoking young adults (SSYAs) are unknown, but it is likely that approximately half will escalate to heavier cigarette use during young adulthood or that their pattern of social smoking will remain stable throughout adulthood. SSYAs present both a vital challenge and an opportunity for smoking cessation, but this requires a better understanding of potentially modifiable factors that contribute to risk. The current project uses primary socialization theory (PST) to address the intersection of social development and smoking behavior in young adulthood, identifying characteristics of and risk pathways leading from social smoking, a highly prevalent pattern of smoking among young adults. PST posits that individuals learn normative and deviant behavior mainly from a small number of social influences that change dynamically with lifespan transitions. The primary socialization influences in young adulthood are environmental (work, school), peer clusters, extended family, and the new family contexts created in this developmental period. The goal of the current study is to examine, in-depth, the characteristics of SSYAs, their potential smoking risk trajectories, and possible avenues for smoking cessation intervention. The proposal leverages information from two large contemporary cohorts of U.S. young adults (aged 18-24) with rich data on trajectories of cigarette smoking behavior, social influences on smoking, and social and contextual influences on "in the moment" smoking behavior among young adults. The two cohorts are: 1) a national sample of young adults aged 18-24 (n = 864 at baseline) Legacy Young Adult Cohort Study with semi- annual assessments over three years and 2) an at-risk group of adolescents followed during young adulthood (n = 1,027 at 5-year follow-up; NCI Program Project 2P01CA098262) using a combination of three annual assessments and two week-long sessions of daily ecological momentary assessment (EMA). Phase I of the study will use latent class analysis to define SSYAs in both cohorts (Aim 1) and Phase II will apply this definition to trajectory analyses in both cohorts, exploring tobacco use patterns among SSYAs compared to other young adult smokers (Aims 2 and 3). Phase III of the study takes a fine-grained approach to explore the proximal effect of social influences on smoking and cessation behavior and the potential of social smoking to serve as a moderator of this effect (Aim 4). This research lays the groundwork for developing more effective primary and secondary cancer prevention interventions for SSYAs by elucidating the social factors that maintain or impede smoking behavior in this important group.

描述（由申请人提供）：年轻的成年（18-24岁）是一个关键的发展过渡，并为改变吸烟行为的轨迹提供了巨大的机会，从而产生巨大的公共卫生影响。尤其是年轻的成年吸烟者，已经避免了青年预防和成人戒烟干预工作。据报道，年轻人吸烟开始的速度和向定期吸烟的过渡率的增加，以及该年龄段“社交吸烟”现象的高流行率（51％-62％）。长期的烟草使用社交吸烟年轻人（SSYA）的使用行为尚不清楚，但是大约一半的成年后，大约一半会升级为较重的香烟，或者他们的社交吸烟方式将在整个成年期保持稳定。 Ssyas提出了一个至关重要的挑战，也是戒烟的机会，但这需要更好地理解有助于风险的潜在可修改因素。当前的项目使用主要的社会化理论（PST）来解决年轻成年中社会发展和吸烟行为的交集，从而确定了从社会吸烟中导致的特征和风险途径，这是年轻人中高度普遍的吸烟模式。 PST认为，个人学习规范性和偏差行为主要是从少数通过寿命过渡动态变化的社会影响力来学习。成年年轻人的主要社会化影响是环境（工作，学校），同伴集群，大家庭以及在这个发展时期创造的新家庭环境。当前研究的目的是深入研究SSYAS的特征，其潜在的吸烟风险轨迹以及戒烟干预的可能途径。该提案利用了来自两个大型当代人群的美国年轻人（18-24岁）的信息，并拥有有关吸烟行为的轨迹，社会影响，社会和情境影响的丰富数据，以及对年轻人中“吸烟行为”的影响。这两个群体是：1）全国样本的年轻人年龄18-24岁（基线为n = 864）旧的年轻成人队列研究，在三年内进行半年评估，2）在成年期间的青少年危险中，n = 1,027（n = 1,027）（在5年的随访中进行1,027个年度评估； NCI Project Project 2p01ca01ca0988888年度）。生态瞬时评估（EMA）。该研究的第一阶段将使用潜在的类分析来定义同类中的SSYA（AIM 1）和II阶段，将将此定义应用于两个队列中的轨迹分析，与其他年轻成年吸烟者相比，探索SSYAS中的烟草使用模式（AIM 2和3）。该研究的第三阶段采用了一种细粒度的方法来探索社会影响对吸烟和戒烟行为的近端影响，以及社会吸烟的潜力作为这种影响的主持人（AIM 4）。这项研究为SSYA提供了更有效的原发性和继发性预防干预措施的基础，通过阐明在这一重要群体中维持或阻碍吸烟行为的社会因素。