The Effects of Early Life Stress on Neurodevelopment in Children and Adolescents

早期生活压力对儿童和青少年神经发育的影响

基本信息

批准号：
9112201
负责人：
IAN H GOTLIB
金额：
$ 22.98万
依托单位：
STANFORD UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2013
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2013-09-01 至 2017-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9112201
关键词：
Address Adolescent Adult Adverse event Anger Animals Anxiety Arousal and Regulatory Systems Behavior Behavioral Behavioral Symptoms Categories Child Child Abuse and Neglect Childhood Cognition Cognitive Corpus striatum structure Development Diagnostic Disease Drug Formulations Early Intervention Emotional disorder Emotions Endocrine Epidemiologic Studies Evaluation Exhibits Female Functional disorder Gender Generations Goals Health Incidence Investigation Lead Life Stress Magnetic Resonance Imaging Measures Mental Health Moods Negative Valence Neural Pathways Neurobiology Neurophysiology - biologic function Neurosecretory Systems Outcome Participant Patient Self-Report Pattern Positive Valence Process Psychopathology Puberty Recording of previous events Regulation Reporting Research Research Domain Criteria Research Personnel Rewards Risk Risk Factors Sampling Stress Structure Substance Use Disorder Symptoms System Testing Time Youth adverse outcome boys cognitive function cognitive process critical period design experience follow-up girls male maltreatment neural circuit neural model neurodevelopment prevent relating to nervous system resilience response self reported behavior

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Early life stress (ELS) is a significant risk factor for the development of a range of psychiatric symptoms that cut across a number of diagnostic categories. The mechanisms through which ELS confers this heightened vulnerability, however, are poorly understood. Given that there are several million referrals involving alleged child maltreatment in the US each year, it is critical that investigators focus on elucidating the neurodevelopmental consequences of ELS and the mechanisms by which ELS-related changes in neurobiological function confer vulnerability for psychopathology. Importantly, epidemiological studies have documented that the transition to puberty is a critical period for the expression of the effects of ELS; moreover, beginning at puberty, there is a higher incidence of symptoms of emotional disorders in females than in males who were abused as young children, suggesting that these outcomes are moderated by gender. Therefore, in efforts to elucidate the effects of ELS on neurobiological systems and on vulnerability for psychopathology, it is vital that researchers consider the impact of both puberty and gender. The proposed project is designed to address these issues, examining the influence of ELS on the maturation of neural circuits and neuroendocrine and cognitive processes that are critical to psychological health, and that are integral to specific RDoC constructs of the Negative Valence, Positive Valence, and Arousal/Regulatory Systems. Because ELS confers vulnerability for a range of psychiatric illnesses, elucidating the effects of ELS on broad domains of function in which aberrations are posited to transect a variety of psychopathologies will allow us to develop a more comprehensive and integrative understanding of how risk for psychopathology emerges and is manifested in children with a history of ELS. Further, findings from this project will inform early interventions aimed at preventing the long-term sequelae of ELS.

描述（由申请人提供）：早期生活压力（ELS）是出现一系列跨越多个诊断类别的精神症状的重要风险因素。然而，人们对 ELS 造成这种高度脆弱性的机制知之甚少。鉴于美国每年有数百万起涉及涉嫌虐待儿童的转诊，研究人员必须重点阐明 ELS 的神经发育后果，以及 ELS 相关的神经生物学功能变化导致精神病理学脆弱性的机制。重要的是，流行病学研究证明，向青春期过渡是ELS效应表现的关键时期；此外，从青春期开始，在幼儿时期受到虐待的女性出现情绪障碍症状的几率高于男性，这表明这些结果受到性别的调节。因此，在努力阐明 ELS 对神经生物学系统和精神病理学脆弱性的影响时，研究人员考虑青春期和性别的影响至关重要。拟议的项目旨在解决这些问题，研究 ELS 对神经回路、神经内分泌和认知过程成熟的影响，这些对心理健康至关重要，并且是负价、正价和特定 RDoC 结构的组成部分。唤醒/调节系统。由于 ELS 赋予了一系列精神疾病的脆弱性，因此阐明 ELS 对广泛功能领域的影响，在这些功能领域中，假设畸变会横断各种精神病理学，这将使我们能够更全面和综合地理解精神病理学风险如何出现和表现在有 ELS 病史的儿童中。此外，该项目的调查结果将尽早告知旨在预防 ELS 长期后遗症的干预措施。