Brain-Gut Microbiome-Visceral Adiposity Relationships in Multiethnic Adults

多种族成人的脑肠微生物群与内脏肥胖关系

基本信息

批准号：
8970516
负责人：
LINDA CHANG
金额：
$ 23.75万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF HAWAII AT MANOA
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2015
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2015-09-01 至 2017-06-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8970516
关键词：
Abdomen Accounting Adipose tissue Adult Anisotropy Anxiety Bacteria Behavior Body Composition Brain Brain Chemistry Brain Diseases Brain imaging Carbohydrates Cessation of life Characteristics Chemistry Cognition Cognitive Cohort Studies Communities Data Diet Dietary Practices Dietary intake Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry Eating Eating Behavior Emotional Epidemic Epidemiologic Studies Ethnic group European Fatty acid glycerol esters Food Frequencies Functional disorder Funding Opportunities Future Glutamates Glutamine Goals Hawaii Hawaiian population Hepatic Homeostasis Hormones Image Impaired cognition Inflammation Intake Intervention Intervention Studies Intra-abdominal Japanese American Japanese Population Knowledge Lead Liver Magnetic Resonance Imaging Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Malignant Neoplasms Measurement Measures Metabolic Micronutrients Molecular Moods Morphology N-acetylaspartate Neuronal Injury Neurons Obesity Participant Performance Phylogeny Prevention Probiotics Program Research Project Grants Protons Public Health Questionnaires Reporting Research Risk Scanning Signal Transduction Structure Subgroup Technology Translational Research United States National Institutes of Health Ursidae Family Visceral Weight Weight maintenance regimen Woman abdominal fat base brain morphology brain volume cognitive function energy balance ethnic minority population gut microbiota improved innovation men microbial microbial community microbiome morphometry mortality myoinositol neurochemistry neuroinflammation novel obesity treatment premature prevent programs public health relevance rRNA Genes saturated fat trait white matter

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Body fatness contributes to a substantial proportion of the premature deaths in the U.S., including 15-20% of cancer mortality. The impact is greater among ethnic minorities because they tend to accumulate more visceral fat that bears a higher metabolic risk. The unabated obesity epidemic and lack of sustainable weight control interventions may improve if we understand obesity better as a "brain disease" and a dysregulation of the brain-gut-adiposity axis. The brain is long known to regulate energy homeostasis based on fuel availability signals originating from the gut and adipose tissue but appears to be altered structurally and metabolically in obesity, which may perpetuate the positive energy balance. Obesity has been associated with a smaller brain volume, deleterious neurochemical imbalance, and cognitive impairment. Obesity-prone eating behaviors and anabolic dietary composition have been similarly associated with brain alterations. Also, the colonic microbiota has recently been shown to be associated with brain chemistry, anxiety behaviors and adiposity. Leveraging recent advances in brain and body composition imaging and in molecular technology, we propose to investigate the brain-gut-adiposity axis for novel inter-relationships across brain imaging characteristics, gut microbial profiles and visceral fat content. We will add a brain MRI study to an ongoing Program Project grant, where we are assessing visceral and hepatic fat with whole-body DXA and abdominal MRI in 2,000 women and men of five ethnic groups from the Multiethnic Cohort Study to examine the relationship of visceral/liver fat to gut microbiota phylogeny based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing and to habitual dietary intakes using eating behavior and food frequency questionnaires. We will conduct brain MR imaging (MRI) and proton MR spectroscopy (1H MRS) to assess brain imaging characteristics (macro- and micro-structural morphology, neurometabolite levels) in a subgroup of 100 program project participants from three ethnic groups (Japanese American, Native Hawaiian, white) in Hawaii. Our specific aims are to determine the association of these structural and neurochemical brain traits with (1) visceral and hepatic fat content, (2) eating behaviors and dietary composition, and (3) gut microbial community profiles. We hypothesize that lower total and regional brain volumes, higher levels of glial metabolite myoinositol, indicative of inflammation, and lower neuronal metabolite N-acetylaspartate will be associated with greater amounts of visceral and liver fat, a higher tendency for obesity-prone eating behaviors (external, emotional, routinely restrained eating) and anabolic dietary composition (high in refined carbohydrates, saturated fat), and altered and less diverse gut microbial profiles Cognitive functions will be assessed with the NIH Toolbox and correlated to brain MRI, dietary intake, and gut bacteria measurements. This innovative line of research has a great potential to lead to more effective and better targeted obesity intervention strategies.

描述（由适用提供）：体内脂肪在美国的过早死亡中有很大比例，其中包括15-20％的癌症死亡率。在少数民族中的影响更大，因为它们倾向于积累更多具有更高代谢风险的内脏脂肪。如果我们更好地理解肥胖症作为“脑部疾病”，并且对脑肌辅助轴的失调，则未受肥胖的流行和缺乏可持续的体重控制干预措施可能会有所改善。众所周知，大脑会根据源自肠道和脂肪组织的燃料可用性信号来调节能量稳态，但在肥胖症中似乎会改变结构和代谢，这可能会使阳性能量平衡永存。肥胖症与较小的大脑体积，微妙的神经化学失衡和认知障碍有关。容易发生肥胖的饮食行为和合成代谢的饮食成分也与大脑改变相似。此外，最近已显示结肠菌群与脑化学，焦虑行为和肥胖有关。利用大脑和人体组成成像和分子技术方面的最新进展，我们建议研究跨大脑成像特征，肠道微生物谱和内脏脂肪含量的新型相互关系的脑型辅助轴。 We will add a brain MRI study to an ongoing Program Project grant, where we are assessing visceral and hepatitic fat with whole-body DXA and abdominal MRI in 2,000 women and men of five ethnic groups from the Multiethnic Cohort Study to examine the relationship of visceral/liver fat to gut microbiota phylogeny based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing and to habituous dietary intakes using eating behavior and food frequency questionnaires.我们将在夏威夷的100个计划项目参与者（日本的日本美国人，夏威夷人，白人，白色）的100个计划参与者中，将进行大脑MR成像（MRI）和Proton MR光谱法（1H MRS）（1H MRS）（1H MRS）（1H MRS）。我们的具体目的是确定这些结构和神经化学性脑性状与（1）内脏和肝脂肪含量，（2）饮食行为和饮食成分以及（3）肠道微生物群落概况的关联。我们假设较低的总和区域脑大容量，较高水平的神经胶质代谢物肌异堂醇，表明炎症和较低的神经元代谢物N-乙酰天冬甲酸酯将与内脏和肝脏脂肪更大的趋势有关，较高的肥胖性饮食（肥胖性饮食）较高（外部的饮食），并构成了良好的饮食，一方面是一种易于限制的饮食，一方面是一项易于限制的，一方面是一项易用的饮食，一方面是一种易于饮食，一方面是一项易用的饮食，一方面是一种易受限制的饮食。碳氢化物，饱和脂肪）以及改变和较少的潜水肠道微生物谱率认知功能将使用NIH工具箱进行评估，并与脑MRI，饮食摄入量和肠道细菌测量相关。这项创新的研究线有很大的潜力，可以实现更有效，更有针对性的肥胖干预策略。