Prescription Drug Misuse and Traumatic Stress

处方药滥用和创伤性应激

• 批准号: 8983249
• 负责人: Cassie Overstreet
• 金额: $ 3.91万
• 依托单位: VIRGINIA COMMONWEALTH UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-08-10 至 2017-08-09
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8983249
• 关键词: Age; Alcohol dependence; Alcohol or Other Drugs use; Behavior; Bioinformatics; Clinical; Cocaine Dependence; Complex; Data; Development; Distress; Drug Prescriptions; Drug Use Disorder; Drug usage; Early Intervention; Educational workshop; Environmental Risk Factor; Ethics; Etiology; Exposure to; Feeling; Female; Genes; Genetic; Genetic Techniques; Genetic Variation; Genetic study; Goals; Health; Heritability; High Prevalence; Individual; Intervention; Investigation; Knowledge; Literature; Longitudinal Studies; Medical; Mentorship; Methods; Mind; Mission; Modeling; Molecular; Molecular Genetics; National Institute of Drug Abuse; National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism; National Research Service Awards; Nature; Onset of illness; Pathway Analysis; Pathway interactions; Phenotype; Population; Post-Traumatic Stress Disorders; Prevalence; Prevention program; Preventive Intervention; Process; Psychopathology; Psychosocial Factor; Quantitative Genetics; Reporting; Research; Research Personnel; Risk; Risk Factors; Sampling; Self Medication; Sex Characteristics; Solid; Source; Stress; Students; Surveys; Techniques; Testing; Time; Training; Training Support; Trauma; United States; Variant; aged; causal model; clinically relevant; clinically significant; college; experience; follow-up; genetic analysis; genome wide association study; genome-wide; high risk; intervention program; knowledge base; male; meetings; misuse of prescription only drugs; personalized intervention; pre-doctoral; prescription opioid; programs; psychogenetics; psychosocial; public health relevance; sedative; sex; sexual assault; skills; tool; trait; undergraduate student; university student; young adult

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The overarching purpose of the proposed National Research Service Award (NRSA) is to assist the applicant in cultivating the skills necessary to become an independent researcher leading a program of investigation focused on the etiologic underpinnings of comorbid non-medical use of prescription drug (NMUPD) and trauma-related distress phenotypes that leverages psychiatric genetic methods. The proposed pre-doctoral training and support from the NRSA would allow the applicant to significantly build upon her base knowledge of the trauma/PTSD phenotype and current clinical training by guaranteeing protected time to increase expertise regarding advanced data analytic techniques and genetically informed methods of examining NMUPD and trauma/PTSD phenotypes. This NRSA proposal has four training goals: a) to increase phenotypic knowledge on trauma-related distress and NMUPD, including a focus on longitudinal modeling to examine causal models; b) to develop expertise in statistical and molecular genetic techniques; c) to develop fluency in bioinformatics techniques to follow-up on significant findings from molecular studies; and d) to develop solid skills in professional development (e.g., dissemination, grantsmanship, ethical conduct of research). The training plan to meet these goals includes a number of complementary approaches, such as formal coursework and didactics (e.g., seminars, workshops), individual mentorship, advanced statistical training, dissemination activities, trainin in the ethical conduct of research, and experience with grantsmanship activities. The proposed NRSA study, tailored with the training goals in mind, aims to identify the genetic variation that predict NMUPD and trauma-related distress by leveraging genome-wide data from a large longitudinal study of young adults (NIAAA-R37 AA011408, PI Kenneth Kendler). Specifically, the proposed study aims to use data collected from a representative study of undergraduates (approximately n~15,000) to a) determine the prevalence of, sex differences among and longitudinal relationships between, NMUPD, trauma exposure, and PTSD; b) conduct genome wide analyses (i.e., genome wide complex trait analysis [GCTA], and genome wide association analysis [GWAS]) to examine genetic variation associated with NMUPD and PTSD phenotypes and common variation between the two phenotypes; and c) conduct follow-up analyses from results generated from the aforementioned analyses using bioinformatics techniques such as pathway analyses. These aims align well with the National Institute on Drug Abuse's mission, which emphasizes clinically relevant transdisciplinary research. The proposed NRSA study is also clinically significant, in that it would increase our understanding of genetic and environmental factors underlying NMUPD and trauma/PTSD, thereby informing the development of targeted prevention and early intervention strategies.

 描述（由申请人提供）：拟议的国家研究服务奖（NRSA）的首要目的是帮助申请人培养必要的能力，成为一名独立研究人员，领导一项针对共病非医疗用途病因学基础的调查计划处方药（NMUPD）和创伤相关的痛苦表型，利用精神科遗传学方法。拟议的博士前培训和 NRSA 的支持将使申请人能够充分利用她的基础知识。创伤/PTSD 表型和当前的临床培训，通过保证受保护的时间来增加有关先进数据分析技术和检查 NMUPD 和创伤/PTSD 表型的遗传信息方法的专业知识。该 NRSA 提案有四个培训目标：a) 增加有关创伤的表型知识。相关的痛苦和 NMUPD，包括关注纵向模型以检查因果模型； b) 发展统计和分子遗传学技术方面的专业知识； d) 培养专业发展方面的扎实技能（例如传播、资助、研究的道德行为）。实现这些目标的培训计划包括许多补充方法，例如正式课程和教学（例如研讨会、讲习班）。个人指导、高级统计培训、传播活动、研究道德行为培训以及资助活动经验拟议的 NRSA 研究根据培训目标量身定制，旨在识别可预测的遗传变异。 NMUPD 和创伤相关的痛苦通过利用来自一项针对年轻人的大型纵向研究的全基因组数据（NIAAA-R37 AA011408，PI Kenneth Kendler）具体来说，该研究旨在使用从本科生代表性研究中收集的数据（大约 n）。 ~15,000) a) 确定 NMUPD、创伤暴露和 PTSD 的患病率、性别差异和纵向关系；b) 进行全基因组分析（即，全基因组复杂性状分析 [GCTA] 和全基因组关联分析 [GWAS]），以检查与 NMUPD 和 PTSD 表型相关的遗传变异以及两种表型之间的常见变异；以及 c）根据上述结果进行后续分析；使用路径分析等生物信息学技术进行分析，这些目标与国家药物滥用研究所的使命非常一致，即强调临床相关的跨学科研究，拟议的 NRSA 研究也具有临床意义，因为它将增加我们对遗传和药物滥用的了解。 NMUPD 和创伤/PTSD 背后的环境因素，从而为制定有针对性的预防和早期干预策略提供信息。