Impact of Violence and Power on a HIV Behavioral Intervention for Female MA Users

暴力和权力对女性 MA 用户 HIV 行为干预的影响

• 批准号: 8635325
• 负责人: Jamila Kinshasa Stockman
• 金额: $ 17.93万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-04-01 至 2016-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8635325
• 关键词: AIDS prevention; Address; Affect; Barrier Contraception; Behavior; Behavior Therapy; Behavioral; California; Cognitive; Cognitive Therapy; Complex; Conflict (Psychology); Data; Decision Making; Development; Drug usage; Educational workshop; Enrollment; Epidemiologist; Equation; Evaluation; Expectancy; Female; Gender; Goals; HIV; HIV Infections; HIV risk; HIV/STD; Heterosexuals; High Risk Woman; Incidence; Influentials; Instruction; Intervention; Intervention Studies; Interview; K-Series Research Career Programs; Knowledge; Mediating; Mediation; Mediator of activation protein; Mental disorders; Mentors; Mentorship; Methamphetamine; Methodology; Methods; Modeling; Multiple Partners; Outcome; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Population; Population Study; Populations at Risk; Positioning Attribute; Prevention; Preventive Intervention; Public Health; Reading; Recording of previous events; Reporting; Research; Research Design; Research Infrastructure; Research Methodology; Research Personnel; Research Training; Risk; Risk Factors; Role; Safe Sex; Sampling; Scientist; Self Efficacy; Sexual Partners; Substance abuse problem; Testing; Training; Training Activity; Underserved Population; United States National Institutes of Health; Universities; Unsafe Sex; Vagina; Violence; Woman; arm; base; career; condoms; depressive symptoms; design; empowerment; ethnic minority population; experience; group intervention; high risk; intimate partner violence; men; post intervention; public health relevance; relationship violence; responsible research conduct; safer sex; sex; sex risk; sexual relationship; sexual violence; skills; social; statistics; substance abuse epidemiology; success; therapy development; transmission process; vaginal microbicide

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The purpose of the proposed Mentored Scientist Career Development Award (K01) is to provide the candidate with mentoring and research experiences that will promote her development as an independent researcher, with particular emphasis in the field of mixed methods HIV intervention research in drug-using populations. Objectives of the training are to develop knowledge and skills in: 1) substance abuse epidemiology, assessment and prevention, to understand how intimate partner violence (IPV) affects drug-using populations and the subsequent risk for HIV/STIs; 2) theoretically-driven behavioral HIV prevention interventions; 3) mixed methods research, specifically related to HIV interventions; and 4) advanced statistics such as structural equation modeling. Training activities will include didactic coursework and specific workshops, directed readings and one-on-one tutorials with mentors, and instruction in the responsible conduct of research. The candidate will receive mentorship from a Training Committee comprised of nationally renowned experts in the fields of substance abuse, behavioral interventions, and mixed methodology research at the University of California, San Diego. The specific aims of the proposed research are to: 1) assess the effect of recent IPV and sexual relationship power differentials on the sexual risk behaviors of HIV-negative heterosexual methamphetamine (MA)-using women enrolled in the intervention arm of an HIV behavioral intervention; 2) examine whether cognitive mediators (e.g., condom use self-efficacy and outcome expectancies) mediate the relationship between recent IPV and sexual relationship power and sexual risk behaviors; and 3) qualitatively characterize how the context of IPV and sexual relationship power differentials affect the implementation of safer sex behaviors during and after participation in the HIV behavioral intervention. The research aims will be accomplished by conducting a mixed methods HIV intervention study. Quantitative data will come from an ethnically diverse sample of 100 MA-using women enrolled in the intervention group of an HIV prevention intervention study designed to reduce sexual risk behaviors, MA use, and depressive symptoms (FASTLANE2, PI: Patterson). Qualitative data will come from in-depth interviews of a subsample of 30 MA-using women enrolled in the FASTLANE2 study, reporting IPV and varying sexual relationship power differentials. Findings from the proposed research will position the candidate to propose an R34 or R01 proposal to pilot test a theoretically-driven, mixed methods behavioral HIV prevention intervention that addresses the multiplicity of risks among drug-using women in the context of female-controlled barrier methods and empowerment. Moreover, the candidate's ethnic minority background combined with the proposed training and research will support a career trajectory focused on vulnerable, underserved populations at risk for HIV while becoming an influential mentor to underrepresented women. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Female methamphetamine users often experience a multiplicity of risks including, intimate partner violence, relationship power differentials, conflict between sex partners over sharing of drugs, and mental illness; yet, there is no best practice evidence on interventions that concurrently address gender-based issues, HIV and drug use. Findings from the proposed research will be critical to the development, implementation, and evaluation of theoretically-driven, mixed methods HIV behavioral interventions that address the multiplicity of risks faced by drug-using women, in the context of female empowerment. Further, developing skills in mixed methods HIV intervention research will uniquely position the candidate as one of only a handful of epidemiologists in gender-based violence research with expertise in applying mixed methodology to HIV interventions focused on drug-using populations.

描述（由申请人提供）：拟议的指导科学家职业发展奖（K01）的目的是为候选人提供指导和研究经验，这些经验将促进她作为独立研究人员的发展，并特别重点是混合方法的HIV HIV干预研究领域。培训的目标是在以下方面发展知识和技能：1）滥用药物的流行病学，评估和预防，以了解亲密的伴侣暴力（IPV）如何影响毒药人群以及随后的艾滋病毒/性传播感染风险； 2）理论驱动的行为艾滋病毒预防干预措施； 3）混合方法研究，特别与HIV干预有关； 4）高级统计数据，例如结构方程建模。培训活动将包括教学课程和特定的讲习班，有导书以及与导师的一对一教程以及负责任的研究的指导。该候选人将从培训委员会获得由培训委员会的指导，该委员会由圣地亚哥分校的毒品滥用，行为干预和混合方法研究领域的全国知名专家组成。拟议研究的具体目的是：1）评估最近的IPV和性关系能力差异对HIV阴性异性甲基苯丙胺（MA）的性风险行为的影响，该妇女在HIV行为干预的干预措施中使用了妇女； 2）检查认知介体（例如，使用避孕套使用自我效能和预期能力）是否介导了最近的IPV与性关系能力与性风险行为之间的关系； 3）定性地表征了IPV和性关系能力差异的背景如何影响参加HIV行为干预期间和之后的更安全行为的实施。该研究的目的将通过进行混合方法HIV干预研究来实现。定量数据将来自旨在减少性风险行为，MA使用和抑郁症状（FastLane2，PI：Patterson）的HIV预防干预研究的100名MA的种族样本。定性数据将来自对FastLane2研究的30个MA妇女的子样本的深入访谈，报告IPV和不同的性关系能力差异。拟议研究的发现将使候选人提出提议R34或R01提案，以试点测试理论上驱动的混合方法行为HIV预防干预措施，该方法在女性控制的障碍方法和授权的背景下解决了在女性控制障碍的背景下解决毒品妇女的多样性。此外，候选人的少数民族背景与拟议的培训和研究相结合，将支持一项职业轨迹，专注于易受伤害的，服务不足的人群有艾滋病毒的风险，同时成为代表性不足的妇女的有影响力的导师。 公共卫生相关性：女性甲基苯丙胺使用者经常会遇到多种风险，包括亲密伴侣暴力，关系能力差异，性伴侣之间的性伴侣之间的冲突以及精神疾病；但是，没有关于干预措施的最佳实践证据，这些干预措施同时解决了基于性别的问题，艾滋病毒和吸毒。拟议研究的发现将对理论上驱动的，混合方法的艾滋病毒行为干预措施的发展，实施和评估至关重要，这些方法在女性赋权的背景下解决了毒品妇女面临的多种风险。此外，艾滋病毒干预研究的混合方法发展技能将独特地将候选人定位为基于性别的暴力研究中仅有的少数流行病学家之一，其专业知识将混合方法应用于艾滋病毒的干预措施，以供毒品吸毒人群。