Alleviation of HIV-1 Rev Block in Astrocytes by an E3 Ubiquitin Ligase, NKLAM

E3 泛素连接酶 NKLAM 减轻星形胶质细胞中的 HIV-1 Rev 阻断

• 批准号: 8301516
• 负责人: RAGHAVENDAR R THIPPARTHI
• 金额: $ 19万
• 依托单位: WAYNE STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-07-15 至 2014-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8301516
• 关键词: AIDS Dementia Complex; Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Asses; Astrocytes; Binding; Brain; Cell Nucleus; Data; Development; Environment; Enzymes; Epidemic; Gene Expression; Genetic Transcription; Goals; HIV; HIV-1; Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy; Human; Infection; Intervention; Knowledge; Laboratories; Lead; Life Cycle Stages; Lytic; Mediating; Methodology; Microscopic; Mission; Molecular; Outcome; Pathway interactions; Patients; Post-Transcriptional Regulation; Prevention; Production; Proteins; Public Health; Publishing; RNA; Reporting; Research; Resistance; Role; SRC-associated p68 protein; Testing; Therapeutic; Time; Transactivation; Ubiquitination; Vaccines; Variant; Viral; Work; base; cellular targeting; combat; experience; innovation; insight; mRNA Export; mortality; novel strategies; novel therapeutics; ubiquitin-protein ligase

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): There is a fundamental gap in our understanding of how HIV-1 maintains latency in astrocytes. This gap denotes a significant problem, because, unless this gap is filled, understanding the molecular mechanisms of HIV-1 latency leading to HIV-associated dementia (HAD) cannot be achieved. Furthermore, the knowledge required to develop novel therapeutic strategies for HAD patients will remain largely unknown. The long-term goal is to understand the molecular mechanisms that contribute to HIV-1 latency in the brain and develop a therapeutic strategy to combat HIV. The objective of this application is to determine the role of Natural Killer Lytic-Associated Molecule (NKLAM) in the post-transcriptional regulation of HIV-1 gene expression. The central hypothesis of this application is that NKLAM synergizes with Sam68 and alleviates a post-transcriptional block to HIV-1 production in astrocytes. The hypothesis has been formulated from the strong preliminary data, demonstrating that NKLAM interacts with Sam68, which in turn, regulates HIV-1 Rev function in astrocytes. The rationale for the proposed project is that, once the role of NKLAM in the HIV-1 life cycle is understood, its production can be modulated in such a way that impacts HIV-1 production in the prevention and treatment of AIDS, including HAD. Guided by the preliminary data, the central hypothesis will be tested to accomplish the objective of this application by pursuing the following two specific aims: 1) Determine the functional significance of NKLAM in HIV-1 replication. The working hypothesis is that NKLAM relieves a post-transcriptional block to HIV-1 production in astrocytes. Under this aim, stable NKLAM expressing astrocytes will be created and assessed for the alleviation of Rev block and HIV-1 production by examining viral mRNA export. 2) Investigate the mechanism of action of NKLAM in Sam68/RRE-mediated transactivation. The working hypothesis is that NKLAM must act in the nucleus to synergize with Sam68. Employing mutational, microscopic and ubiquitination analyses, the mechanism of action of NKLAM in Sam68/Rev/RRE function will be determined. The proposed work is innovative, because, so far, no E3 ubiquitin ligase(s), specifically NKLAM, has been implicated in the post-transcriptional regulation of HIV-1 gene expression. Most importantly, to date, there are no published reports implicating, any E3 ligase(s), particularly, NKLAM- mediated Sam68 ubiquitination in alleviating the Rev block in astrocytes. The proposed research is significant because it is expected to provide the knowledge needed to develop novel strategies to eliminate HIV-1 reservoirs and combat HAD.

描述（由申请人提供）：我们对 HIV-1 如何在星形胶质细胞中维持潜伏期的理解存在根本性差距。这一差距表明了一个重大问题，因为除非填补这一差距，否则无法了解 HIV-1 潜伏期导致 HIV 相关痴呆 (HAD) 的分子机制。此外，为 HAD 患者开发新的治疗策略所需的知识在很大程度上仍然未知。长期目标是了解导致 HIV-1 在大脑中潜伏的分子机制，并制定对抗 HIV 的治疗策略。本应用的目的是确定自然杀伤细胞裂解相关分子 (NKLAM) 在 HIV-1 基因表达转录后调控中的作用。该应用的中心假设是 NKLAM 与 Sam68 协同作用并减轻星形胶质细胞中 HIV-1 产生的转录后阻断。该假设是根据强有力的初步数据制定的，证明 NKLAM 与 Sam68 相互作用，而 Sam68 反过来又调节星形胶质细胞中的 HIV-1 Rev 功能。拟议项目的基本原理是，一旦了解了 NKLAM 在 HIV-1 生命周期中的作用，就可以调节其产生，从而影响艾滋病毒（包括 HAD）预防和治疗中的 HIV-1 产生。在初步数据的指导下，将测试中心假设，以通过追求以下两个具体目标来实现本申请的目标：1)确定NKLAM在HIV-1复制中的功能意义。目前的假设是 NKLAM 可以缓解星形胶质细胞中 HIV-1 产生的转录后阻断。在此目标下，将创建稳定表达 NKLAM 的星形胶质细胞，并通过检查病毒 mRNA 输出来评估 Rev 阻断和 HIV-1 产生的缓解情况。 2) 研究NKLAM在Sam68/RRE介导的反式激活中的作用机制。工作假设是 NKLAM 必须在细胞核中发挥作用才能与 Sam68 协同作用。采用突变、显微镜和泛素化分析，将确定 NKLAM 在 Sam68/Rev/RRE 功能中的作用机制。这项工作具有创新性，因为迄今为止，还没有 E3 泛素连接酶（特别是 NKLAM）参与 HIV-1 基因表达的转录后调控。最重要的是，迄今为止，还没有发表的报告表明任何 E3 连接酶，特别是 NKLAM 介导的 Sam68 泛素化可以减轻星形胶质细胞中的 Rev 阻滞。拟议的研究意义重大，因为它有望提供开发新策略所需的知识，以消除 HIV-1 病毒库和对抗 HAD。