Community Structure and the Epidemiology of Hantavirus in Southern Chile

智利南部汉坦病毒的群落结构和流行病学

基本信息

批准号：
8494556
负责人：
Claudia Munoz-Zanzi
金额：
$ 7.07万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2012
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2012-07-01 至 2014-10-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8494556
关键词：
Aerosols Affect Am 580 Americas Animals Area Behavior Behavioral Biological Breathing Bunyaviridae Cardiopulmonary Case Fatality Rates Case Study Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.)Characteristics Child Chile Communities Community based prevention Country Data Data Analyses Deer Mouse Development Disease Ecology Economic Conditions Elements Environment Epidemiology Family Farming environment Forestry Genetic Goals Grant Hantavirus Hantavirus Infections Health Health system Healthcare Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome Household Human Incidence Infection Infection Control Intervention Knowledge Latin America Leptospira Leptospirosis Life Maintenance Maps Mission Modeling Occupational Exposure Occupations Outcome Pattern Population Prevalence Prevention program Public Health Recommendation Research Research Methodology Risk Risk Behaviors Rodent Rural Sampling Southwestern United States Structure Surveys Syndrome Testing United States National Institutes of Health Vaccines Virus Virus Diseases Visit Work Zoonoses Zoonotic Infection anthropogenesis effective intervention effective therapy environmental change field study human disease improved infected vector rodent land use programs risk perception rural area sample collection socioeconomics transmission process

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Hantavirus infection is a significant global public health problem that can manifest as hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) with case-fatality rate of 12% or hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS) with case-fatality rate of up to 60%. Due to the often severe disease and absence of vaccines or specific treatment, effective community-based prevention programs in endemic areas are critical. As a rodent-borne infection, transmission has been associated with occupational exposure, visiting rural areas, and domestic activities. However, information is still lacking on how the human element, specifically, how specific behaviors, perception of risk, and living conditions, as well as small-scale landscape composition influence infection. This information will enhance current interventions and prospects for control. The long term goal of our research program is to elucidate the mechanisms associated with the emergence and maintenance of zoonosis, as well as the most effective options for control. This research will be done as an extension of NSF-EID Grant No. 0913570 entitled "Eco-epidemiology of Leptospirosis in Latin America: Understanding the Dynamics of Transmission within a Community". The Objective of the study proposed here is to improve the knowledge on the combined effects of sociological and ecological factors on hantavirus occurrence. The Objective will be accomplished by pursuing the following Specific Aims: 1) To identify and quantify the socio-ecological elements that regulate the epidemiology of endemic hantavirus infection in different community types, and 2) To identify the determinants of spatial patterns of hantavirus infection in different community types. The proposed study will take advantage of the extensive field work and effort that is being done for the existing NSF grant including collection of samples and data from the field studies in three types of socio-ecologically distinct communities and will quantify the risk of human infection, while taking into consideration environmental and socio-economic conditions unique to each household. Expected outcomes include a comprehensive understanding of the fundamental sociological and environmental drivers of transmission risk and improved knowledge of the importance of infection at the household level and in non-traditional risk groups. This information is critical t advance the field of hantavirus research and promotion of risk behavioral change. Results will be largely applicable to prevention programs in the U.S. and other countries. This proposal contributes to the NIH mission by providing recommendations for control of an infection that presents a significant public health threat.

描述（申请人提供）：汉坦病毒感染是一个重大的全球公共卫生问题，可表现为病死率高达 12% 的肾综合征出血热（HFRS）或病死率高达 12% 的汉坦病毒心肺综合征（HCPS）至 60%。由于疾病通常很严重并且缺乏疫苗或具体治疗，在流行地区有效的社区预防计划至关重要。作为一种啮齿动物传播的感染，传播与职业接触、访问农村地区和家庭活动有关。然而，仍然缺乏关于人为因素如何影响感染的信息，特别是特定行为、风险感知、生活条件以及小规模景观构成如何影响感染。这些信息将加强当前的干预措施和控制前景。我们研究计划的长期目标是阐明与人畜共患疾病的出现和维持相关的机制，以及最有效的控制方案。这项研究将作为 NSF-EID 拨款号 0913570 的延伸，题为“拉丁美洲钩端螺旋体病的生态流行病学：了解社区内传播的动态”。本文提出的研究目的是提高对社会学和生态因素对汉坦病毒发生的综合影响的认识。该目标将通过追求以下具体目标来实现：1) 确定和量化调节不同社区类型地方性汉坦病毒感染流行病学的社会生态因素，以及 2) 确定汉坦病毒感染空间模式的决定因素不同的社区类型。拟议的研究将利用现有国家科学基金会拨款正在进行的广泛实地工作和努力，包括从三种社会生态不同社区的实地研究中收集样本和数据，并将量化人类感染的风险，同时考虑到每个家庭独特的环境和社会经济条件。预期成果包括全面了解传播风险的基本社会学和环境驱动因素，并提高对家庭层面和非传统风险群体感染重要性的认识。这些信息对于推进汉坦病毒研究领域和促进危险行为改变至关重要。结果将在很大程度上适用于美国和其他国家的预防计划。该提案通过提供控制对公共卫生构成重大威胁的感染的建议，为 NIH 的使命做出贡献。