Functional Analysis of a Digestive-Tract Microbiome During Dietary Changes

饮食变化期间消化道微生物组的功能分析

基本信息

批准号：
8591395
负责人：
JOERG GRAF
金额：
$ 34.5万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF CONNECTICUT STORRS
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2010
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2010-12-01 至 2015-11-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8591395
关键词：
Address Adolescent Aeromonas Affect Albumins Alleles Amaze Animals Bacteria Biochemical Process Blood Cell Separation Cells Clostridium Communities Complex Cytolysis Data Diet Flow Cytometry Food Functional RNA Gastrointestinal tract structure Gene Expression Gene Expression Profile Genes Genetic Genome Human Human Microbiome Individual Lectin Leeches Location Mammals Massive Parallel Sequencing Measures Metabolic Metabolism Microelectrodes Minor Molecular Monitor Mucins Nutrient Oxidants Personal Satisfaction Phase Physiology Population Population Heterogeneity Reporter Genes Ribosomal RNA Solutions Sorting - Cell Movement Source Structure System Techniques Technology Time Volatile Fatty Acids Work animal data hatching improved insight mature animal member microbial community microbiome next generation sequencing public health relevance sugar tool

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): In humans, the digestive-tract microbiota is a complex community composed out of hundreds of species. This microbiome provides humans with an amazing repertoire of biochemical processes that far exceed those encoded by the animal's genome. As an animal matures or switches diets the microbiome can change in composition. How this change affects the overall physiology of the microbiome and its contribution to the host is poorly understood. The information gained from the Human Microbiome Project has produced a wealth of genome information and is providing insight into possible functions, but functional data from animals with their native microbiome are lacking. The sheer complexity of the microbiome has hindered identifying the genes that the microbiome expresses, the metatranscriptome. This application investigates a naturally occurring simple microbiome that resides in the digestive tract of the medicinal leech. Two bacteria dominate the microbial community and for one genetic tools are available. The composition of the microbiome changes during the first two weeks after the leeches hatch from the cocoon and also after they consume a blood meal. If the blood was partially lysed, a Clostridium species that is minor member of the microbiome became very abundant. Massively parallel sequencing will be used to monitor changes in the composition and in the metatranscriptome of the microbiome as the animals mature and change diet. This will be confirmed using qPCR and qRT-PCR, respectively. This analysis allows one to determine if under specific conditions a particular allele or strain is more abundant. Using gfp-fusions, the exact location of the cells expressing the genes will be determined. Environmental parameter such as electron acceptors, sugars and short chained fatty acids will be measured. Because the bacteria are present both in pelagic and microcolony phases, compare niche specific gene expression can be determined by using Illumina sequencing of FACS sorted cells. This work will determine new principles using a simple system that are applicable to the more complex human system and apply technologies that will become more feasible to use in highly complex systems as the sequencing throughput and computational power increase.

描述（由申请人提供）：在人类中，消化性捕获菌群是一个由数百种物种组成的复杂社区。该微生物组为人类提供了生物化学过程的惊人曲目，远远超过了动物基因组所编码的过程。随着动物的成熟或开关饮食，微生物组可以改变组成。这种变化如何影响微生物组的整体生理及其对宿主的贡献。从人类微生物组项目中获得的信息产生了大量的基因组信息，并提供了对可能功能的洞察力，但是缺乏来自其本地微生物组动物的功能数据。微生物组的纯粹复杂性阻碍了微生物组表达的基因，即元转录组。该应用调查了一种天然存在的简单微生物组，该微生物组驻留在药用水ech的消化道中。两种细菌主导了微生物群落，对于一种遗传工具。在水ches从茧中孵化后的头两周以及它们食用血液粉后，微生物组的组成变化。如果血液部分裂解，那么微生物组的较小成员的梭状芽胞杆菌将变得非常丰富。大规模平行的测序将用于监测小动物成熟并改变饮食的微生物组的组成和元转录组的变化。这将分别使用QPCR和QRT-PCR确认。该分析允许人们确定在特定条件下特定的等位基因或应变是否更丰富。使用GFP - 伴奏，将确定表达基因的细胞的确切位置。将测量环境参数，例如电子受体，糖和短链式脂肪酸。由于细菌既存在于肾上腺素阶段，因此可以通过使用FACS分类细胞的Illumina测序来确定利基特异性基因表达的比较。这项工作将使用适用于更复杂的人类系统的简单系统来确定新原则，并应用技术将在高度复杂的系统中使用，作为测序吞吐量和计算功率的增加。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（19）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Draft Genome Sequence of Pedobacter sp. Strain Hv1, an Isolate from Medicinal Leech Mucosal Castings.

Pedobacter sp. 的基因组序列草案。

DOI：
10.1128/genomea.01469-15
发表时间：
2015
期刊：
Genome announcements
影响因子：
0
作者：
Ott,BrittanyM;Beka,Lidia;Graf,Joerg;Rio,RitaVM
通讯作者：
Rio,RitaVM

Bioinformatic genome comparisons for taxonomic and phylogenetic assignments using Aeromonas as a test case.

DOI：
10.1128/mbio.02136-14
发表时间：
2014-11-18
期刊：
mBio
影响因子：
6.4
作者：
Colston SM;Fullmer MS;Beka L;Lamy B;Gogarten JP;Graf J
通讯作者：
Graf J

Innate and procured immunity inside the digestive tract of the medicinal leech.

DOI：
发表时间：
2011-08
期刊：
Invertebrate survival journal : ISJ
影响因子：
0
作者：
Adam C. Silver;Joerg Graf
通讯作者：
Adam C. Silver;Joerg Graf

Exposure to pairs of Aeromonas strains enhances virulence in the Caenorhabditis elegans infection model.

DOI：
10.3389/fmicb.2015.01218
发表时间：
2015
期刊：
Frontiers in microbiology
影响因子：
5.2
作者：
Mosser T;Talagrand-Reboul E;Colston SM;Graf J;Figueras MJ;Jumas-Bilak E;Lamy B
通讯作者：
Lamy B

Knowing your friends: invertebrate innate immunity fosters beneficial bacterial symbioses.