NeuroAIDS research with disadvantaged drug users

针对弱势吸毒者的神经艾滋病研究

基本信息

批准号：
8789503
负责人：
Andrea Hobkirk
金额：
$ 5.26万
依托单位：
DUKE UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2014
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2014-08-01 至 2017-07-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8789503
关键词：
AIDS neuropathy AIDS prevention AIDS/HIV problem Address African American Alcohol or Other Drugs use Anterior Area Behavior Behavior Therapy Behavioral Brain region Characteristics Clinical Clinical Psychology Cocaine Users Corpus striatum structure Data Decision Making Development Disadvantaged Drug abuse Drug usage Drug user Educational workshop Epidemic Fellowship Foundations Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Funding Goals Grant HIV HIV Infections HIV risk Imaging technology Incidence Interview Learning Life Link Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mentors Mentorship Methods National Institute of Drug Abuse National Research Service Awards Neighborhoods Neurobiology Outcome Participant Performance Population Postdoctoral Fellow Prefrontal Cortex Prevalence Preventive Intervention Process Reading Recruitment Activity Research Research Design Research Personnel Research Training Resources Respondent Risk Risk Behaviors Sampling Sampling Biases Socioeconomic Status Testing Training United States Universities Writing addiction career cocaine use design high risk high risk sexual behavior low socioeconomic status men who have sex with men neurobehavioral neuroeconomics neuroimaging patient oriented patient oriented research programs public health relevance relating to nervous system sexual minority skills social social inequality socioeconomics success symposium therapy design transmission process willingness

AIDS neuropathy AIDS prevention AIDS/HIV problem Address African American Alcohol or Other Drugs use Anterior Area Behavior Behavior Therapy Behavioral Brain region Characteristics Clinical Clinical Psychology Cocaine Users Corpus striatum structure Data Decision Making Development Disadvantaged Drug abuse Drug usage Drug user Educational workshop Epidemic Fellowship Foundations Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Funding Goals Grant HIV HIV Infections HIV risk Imaging technology Incidence Interview Learning Life Link Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mentors Mentorship Methods National Institute of Drug Abuse National Research Service Awards Neighborhoods Neurobiology Outcome Participant Performance Population Postdoctoral Fellow Prefrontal Cortex Prevalence Preventive Intervention Process Reading Recruitment Activity Research Research Design Research Personnel Research Training Resources Respondent Risk Risk Behaviors Sampling Sampling Biases Socioeconomic Status Testing Training United States Universities Writing addiction career cocaine use design high risk high risk sexual behavior low socioeconomic status men who have sex with men neurobehavioral neuroeconomics neuroimaging patient oriented patient oriented research programs public health relevance relating to nervous system sexual minority skills social social inequality socioeconomics success symposium therapy design transmission process willingness

展开

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): With the success of HIV prevention and treatment efforts in the United States (US), disparities in HIV incidence and prevalence have grown. HIV is now considered an epidemic of the socially marginalized and disenfranchised, with cases concentrated in racial and sexual minorities in impoverished neighborhoods, particularly African Americans and men who have sex with men (MSM). The rates of substance use, like stimulant use, are high within these groups and further increase engagement in risky sexual behaviors. Neurobehavioral researchers are elucidating brain regions involved in risky decision making, and factors like drug use, socioeconomic disadvantage, and social marginalization have been linked to alterations in these regions. Understanding how substance use and social inequalities influence decision making facilitates our ability to tailor HIV prevention interventions to high-rik groups; however socially disadvantaged substance users are rarely included in neuroimaging research, partly due to a deficiency in recruitment strategies. The proposed project integrates training and research designed to develop the applicant's expertise in functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) design and analysis with disadvantaged stimulant users. The proposed project will build on the applicant's strong foundation in clinical psychology, by providing mentored training in (1) neurobehavioral aspects of substance use and HIV/AIDS, (2) fMRI design, analysis, and interpretation, (3) respondent-driven sampling (RDS) and other strategies for recruiting disadvantaged substance users for neuroimaging research. The training plan includes coursework, participation in seminars, directed readings, mentored research, attendance at national conferences, and mentored grant writing. The proposed research will examine the main and interaction effects of socioeconomic status and cocaine use on risky decision making and associated neural activation using data collected from NIDA-funded fMRI research overseen by the applicant's mentor. It is hypothesized that cocaine use and low SES will be associated with riskier decision making and decreased neural activation during an experimental loss aversion task. Additionally, RDS will be used to recruit 100 MSM cocaine users to determine its feasibility and to identify factors associated with willingness to participae in fMRI research. This research will inform patient-oriented research aimed at reducing HIV disparities among disadvantaged substance users. At the culmination of this fellowship, the applicant will have specialized expertise in an area of critical need and will be prepared to begin a program of patient- oriented research in the fields of neuroAIDS and drug abuse.

描述（由申请人提供）：随着美国（美国）的艾滋病毒预防和治疗工作的成功，艾滋病毒发病率和流行率的差异已经增长。现在，艾滋病毒被认为是社会边缘化和被剥夺权利的流行病，案件集中在贫困社区中的种族和性少数群体中，尤其是与男人发生性关系的非裔美国人和男人（MSM）。在这些群体中，刺激性使用的速率（如刺激使用）很高，并进一步增加了对性行为的参与。神经行为研究人员正在阐明涉及危险决策的大脑区域，以及毒品使用，社会经济劣势等因素，社会边缘化与这些地区的变化有关。了解物质使用和社会不平等如何影响决策，使我们有助于我们对高级运动群体量身定制艾滋病毒预防干预措施的能力；但是，在神经影像研究中很少将社会弱势的药物使用者包括在内，部分原因是招聘策略的不足。拟议的项目集成了培训和研究，旨在发展申请人在功能磁共振成像（fMRI）设计和分析方面的专业知识与处境不利的兴奋剂使用者。 The proposed project will build on the applicant's strong foundation in clinical psychology, by providing mentored training in (1) neurobehavioral aspects of substance use and HIV/AIDS, (2) fMRI design, analysis, and interpretation, (3) respondent-driven sampling (RDS) and other strategies for recruiting disadvantaged substance users for neuroimaging research.培训计划包括课程工作，参加研讨会，定向阅读，指导的研究，参加全国会议以及指导的授予写作。拟议的研究将使用申请人的导师监督的NIDA资助的FMRI研究中收集的数据来研究社会经济状况和可卡因对风险决策和相关神经激活的主要和可卡因的影响。假设可卡因的使用和低SES将与更风险的决策做出和减少实验性损失厌恶任务的神经激活有关。此外，RD将用于招募100个可卡因使用者来确定其可行性，并确定与参与fMRI研究的意愿相关的因素。这项研究将为旨在减少处境不利的药物使用者的艾滋病毒差异而为患者的研究提供信息。在这一奖学金的高潮时，申请人将在一个急需的领域中拥有专业的专业知识，并准备开始在神经助剂和药物滥用领域的以患者为导向的研究计划。