STRUCTURE FUNCTION RELATIONSHIPS IN POLYSACCHARIDES AND POLYSACCHARIDE-BLENDS

多糖和多糖混合物中的结构功能关系

• 批准号: 8363686
• 负责人: SRINIVAS JANASWAMY
• 金额: $ 0.61万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-08-01 至 2012-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8363686
• 关键词: Algae; Architecture; Behavior; Biocompatible Materials; Biological; Biopolymers; Carrageenan; Chemical Structure; Complex; Cosmetics; Crustacea; Development; Drug Controls; Drug Interactions; Drug vehicle; Exhibits; FDA approved; Food; Funding; Gel; Grant; Knowledge; Life; Marines; Molecular; Molecular Structure; Names; National Center for Research Resources; Nutraceutical; Organism; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Pharmacologic Substance; Plants; Polysaccharides; Principal Investigator; Property; Psyllium; Research; Research Infrastructure; Resources; Rheology; Shapes; Solutions; Solvents; Source; Structure-Activity Relationship; System; Texture; Tissue Engineering; United States National Institutes of Health; Vertebral column; Viscosity; Vitamins; Water; aqueous; base; controlled release; cost; galactoglucomannan; galactomannan; insight; iota Carrageenan; lambda Carrageenan; microorganism; novel; small molecule; solute; structural biology; triple helix; xanthan gum

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. Primary support for the subproject and the subproject's principal investigator may have been provided by other sources, including other NIH sources. The Total Cost listed for the subproject likely represents the estimated amount of Center infrastructure utilized by the subproject, not direct funding provided by the NCRR grant to the subproject or subproject staff. Polysaccharides comprise a distinct class of biopolymers produced universally among the living organisms. They form major structural components of the walls of marine crustaceans plants algae and microorganisms. They have extensive group of different chemical structures and exhibit a wide variety of unique molecular structures leading to sheets and spirals of single double and triple helices. They constitute a large source of renewable resources offering a wide variety of beneficial functionalities to mankind especially in the domain of biomaterials for tissue engineering drug vehicles and controlled release of nutraceuticals to name a few. In particular their special properties such as renewability biodegrability and biological activity spawn the development of novel applications. Many of these polysaccharides are water soluble and are capable of significantly altering the rheology of aqueous based solutions such as texture thickening gelling viscosity emulsifying hydrating and physical stability of food dispersions and find a gamut of food cosmetic biomedical and pharmaceutical applications. In this regard a detailed understanding about the structural diversity and fundamental knowledge of polysaccharides architecture with insights about their shape and atomic level interactions aids in understanding and predicting the functionality which is mainly related to their end-use applications. The current proposal is about determining the molecular architecture of a number of biologically important and industrially useful polysaccharides and polysaccharide-blends and their interactions with solvent and solute molecules. The study includes polysaccharides such as iota-carrageenan kappa-carrageenan lambda carrageenan; cepacian galactoglucomannan corn arabinoxylan and psyllium and binary systems such as acetan:glucomannan xanthan:glucomannan xanthan:galactomanna corn arabinoxylan:galactomannan iota-carrageenan:galactomannan and kappa-carrageenan-galactomannan. Further our recent research demonstrates that several drug molecules nutraceuticals and vitamins can be embedded in the crystalline lattice of iota-carrageenan leading to novel polymeric cocrystals. These materials are highly soluble in water compared to iota-carrageenan that displays gelation behavior. Further the thermal properties suggest that the entrapped molecules are protected by the carrageenan molecules from the external perturbations and these complexes have the potential to server as control delivery vehicles. In order to gain knowledge about the intrinsic interactions between the small molecules with the polysaccharide backbone so as to understanding the release profile of these small molecules from the polysaccharide matrix our second aim is centered on structural characterization of several polymeric cocrystals utilizing FDA approved food polysaccharides combined with small drug molecules as well as nutraceuticals. We strongly believe that the structural results obtained from this study would be helpful in understanding the polysaccharide:drug interactions towards the development of polysaccharide based controlled drug releasing carriers.

该子项目是利用资源的众多研究子项目之一 由 NIH/NCRR 资助的中心拨款提供。子项目的主要支持 并且子项目的主要研究者可能是由其他来源提供的， 包括其他 NIH 来源。 子项目可能列出的总成本 代表子项目使用的中心基础设施的估计数量， NCRR 赠款不直接向子项目或子项目工作人员提供资金。 多糖包含生物体中普遍产生的一类独特的生物聚合物。它们形成海洋甲壳类植物、藻类和微生物壁的主要结构成分。它们具有广泛的不同化学结构，并表现出多种独特的分子结构，导致单双螺旋和三螺旋的片状和螺旋状。它们构成了可再生资源的大量来源，为人类提供了多种有益的功能，特别是在用于组织工程药物载体的生物材料和营养保健品的控释等领域。特别是它们的特殊性质，例如可再生性、生物降解性和生物活性，催生了新应用的开发。许多这些多糖是水溶性的，能够显着改变水基溶液的流变学，例如质地增稠、胶凝、粘度、乳化、水合和食品分散体的物理稳定性，并在食品、化妆品、生物医学和制药领域得到广泛应用。在这方面，详细了解多糖结构的结构多样性和基础知识，以及对其形状和原子级相互作用的了解，有助于理解和预测主要与其最终用途应用相关的功能。目前的提案是关于确定许多具有生物学意义和工业用途的多糖和多糖混合物的分子结构及其与溶剂和溶质分子的相互作用。该研究包括多糖，例如 iota-卡拉胶 kappa-卡拉胶 lambda 卡拉胶；洋葱半乳葡甘聚糖、玉米阿拉伯木聚糖和车前子以及二元系统，例如乙酰基：葡甘聚糖、黄原胶：葡甘露聚糖、黄原胶：半乳甘露聚糖、玉米阿拉伯木聚糖：半乳甘露聚糖、iota-角叉菜胶：半乳甘露聚糖和κ-角叉菜胶-半乳甘露聚糖。此外，我们最近的研究表明，几种药物分子、营养保健品和维生素可以嵌入 iota-卡拉胶的晶格中，从而形成新型聚合共晶体。与表现出凝胶行为的 iota-卡拉胶相比，这些材料在水中的溶解度很高。此外，热特性表明，被捕获的分子受到角叉菜胶分子的保护，免受外部扰动，并且这些复合物具有作为对照递送载体的潜力。为了了解小分子与多糖主链之间的内在相互作用，以便了解这些小分子从多糖基质中的释放曲线，我们的第二个目标是利用 FDA 批准的食品多糖组合来研究几种聚合共晶体的结构表征含有小药物分子和营养保健品。我们坚信，从这项研究中获得的结构结果将有助于理解多糖：药物相互作用，从而开发基于多糖的受控药物释放载体。