Mentoring Translational Researchers for Careers in Pediatric Global Health

指导转化研究人员在儿科全球健康领域的职业生涯

• 批准号: 8759612
• 负责人: MARGARET E FEENEY
• 金额: $ 18.31万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-06-03 至 2019-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8759612
• 关键词: Academia; Address; Animals; Antigens; Antimalarials; Archives; Area; Award; Biological; Blood; Cessation of life; Chemoprevention; Chemopreventive Agent; Child; Childhood; Clinical; Clinical Investigator; Clinical Research; Collaborations; Communicable Diseases; Data; Data Analyses; Data Set; Development; Epidemiologic Studies; Epidemiologist; Exposure to; Fellowship; Fostering; Functional disorder; Funding; Funding Agency; Generations; Genomics; Goals; Grant; HIV; Human; Immune; Immune Tolerance; Immune response; Immunity; Immunologics; Immunology; In Vitro; Infection; Interdisciplinary Study; Intervention; Investigation; Laboratories; Laboratory Study; Life; Liver; Malaria; Medicine; Mentors; Mid-Career Clinical Scientist Award (K24); Natural Immunity; Pathway interactions; Pediatrics; Perinatal Exposure; Physicians; Pilot Projects; Postdoctoral Fellow; Pregnancy; Process; Research; Research Design; Research Infrastructure; Research Personnel; Research Support; Residencies; Resources; Role; Sampling; Scientist; Side; Staging; Students; T cell response; T-Cell Depletion; T-Lymphocyte; Testing; Time; Training Programs; Translating; Uganda; Vaccination; Vaccines; Work; acquired immunity; base; career; career development; cohort; field study; forging; global health; human subject; infancy; innovation; interest; medical schools; multidisciplinary; novel; patient oriented; patient oriented research; population based; prenatal exposure; professor; programs; public health relevance; skills; transmission process; vaccine development

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Interest in global health among applicants to medical schools, residency programs, and infectious disease fellowships has grown enormously in recent years, but the career development pathways for translating this interest into successful academic careers remain poorly defined and perilous, with relatively few mentors available in academia. The candidate for this K24 Award is an Associate Professor of Pediatrics and Medicine who has established a funded research program to investigate the immune response to childhood malaria and identify in vitro correlates of protective immunity among children in high transmission settings. This research program is based upon strong collaborative relationships with leading malaria epidemiologists and clinical trialists working in Uganda. The PI and her collaborators have forged an effective multidisciplinary team and have built substantial research infrastructure to conduct field studies in Tororo, Uganda, a setting of exceptionally high malaria transmission intensity. Malaria is the leading cause of pediatric deaths in Uganda and claims the life of more than one million children worldwide each year. The need for an effective vaccine against malaria is self-evident. However the iterative process of vaccine development, refinement, and testing would be greatly aided by a better understanding of the immunologic effector mechanisms that confer protection from malaria, as well as immune subversion mechanisms that may hinder the development of durable immunity. Our current understanding of the mechanisms of immune protection from malaria is very limited, and comes mostly from experimental vaccination studies of animals and humans. To date, population-based studies of the malaria-specific T cell response among children naturally exposed to malaria have been few in number and limited by shortcomings in study design. The proposed studies will use samples obtained from well-characterized pediatric cohorts to identify correlates of protective immunity to malaria, and to determine how the natural acquisition of antimalarial immunity is altered by chemopreventive interventions and by prenatal exposure to malaria and to HIV. In addition, this award will enable the candidate to branch into new areas of investigation including the role of semi-innate ?¿ T cells in malaria infection and clinical tolerance. The primary goal of this K24 will be to develop a cohort of young investigators with the skills require to conduct high quality translational immunology research, encourage their passion for patient-oriented global health research, and help them to become successful independent investigators. Trainees will include U.S. physician scientists at all levels - infectious disease fellows, post-doctoral scholars, residents, and students - working side by side with Ugandan scientists and students to conduct innovative immunology research in a region of exceptionally high malaria transmission intensity, while capacitating U.S. and Ugandan researchers to work in collaborative teams.

描述（由适用提供）：近年来，对医学院，居住计划和传染病奖学金的申请人对全球健康的兴趣已大大增长，但是将这种有趣的学术职业转化为成功的学术职业的职业发展途径仍然很差，并且在学术界的指导者相对较少。该K24奖的候选人是儿科和医学副教授，他建立了一项资助的研究计划，以调查对儿童疟疾的免疫响应，并确定高传输环境中儿童受保护免疫学的体外相关性。该研究计划基于与乌干达的领先疟疾流行病学家和临床试验者的牢固合作关系。 PI和她的合作者忘记了一个有效的多学科团队，并建立了大量的研究基础设施，以在乌干达托罗罗进行现场研究，这是疟疾传播强度极高的环境。疟疾是乌干达小儿死亡的主要原因，每年宣称全世界有超过一百万儿童的寿命。需要有效抗疟疾的疫苗是不言而喻的。然而，通过更好地理解赋予疟疾保护的免疫效应机制，以及可能阻碍耐用的免疫史的发展，疫苗开发，改进和测试的迭代过程将得到很好的帮助。我们目前对疟疾免疫抑制机制的理解非常有限，主要来自对动物和人类的实验性疫苗接种研究。迄今为止，自然暴露于疟疾的儿童中基于人群的疟疾特异性T细胞反应的研究很少，并且受研究设计中的缺点的限制。拟议的研究将使用从特征良好的小儿同类中获得的样品来鉴定保护性免疫学与疟疾的相关性，并确定化学预防干预措施以及通过产前暴露于疟疾和疟疾和HALARAIA和HAMARAIA和HAMARIA和HIV的自然采集抗菌免疫。此外，该奖项将使候选人能够分支到新的投资领域 包括半融合？T细胞在疟疾感染和临床耐受性中的作用。该K24的主要目标是开发一群年轻的调查人员，他们需要进行高质量的转化免疫学研究，鼓励他们对以患者为导向的全球健康研究的热情，并帮助他们成为成功的独立研究人员。学员将与各级的美国物理科学家 - 传染病研究员，博士后学者，居民和学生一起 - 与乌干达科学家和学生并肩工作，以在极高的疟疾传播强度的地区进行创新的免疫学研究，同时在美国和乌干达的研究人员中促进协作团队的工作。