Neural correlates of social exclusion among youth exposed to family conflict

遭受家庭冲突的青少年社会排斥的神经相关性

基本信息

批准号：
8212044
负责人：
Darby E. Saxbe
金额：
$ 5.67万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2010
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2010-02-01 至 2013-01-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8212044
关键词：
Adolescence Adolescent Adult Affective Age Anterior Anxiety Area Behavior Brain Brain region Caregivers Cognitive Computers Conflict (Psychology)Data Development Distress Environment Etiology Exclusion Exposure to Family Feeling Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Housing Insula of Reil Label Lead Life Link Longevity Longitudinal Studies Measures Mediating Mediator of activation protein Mental Depression Mental Health Mental disorders Methods Pain Participant Pathway interactions Patient Self-Report Personal Satisfaction Prefrontal Cortex Process Protocols documentation Psychopathology Questionnaires Recruitment Activity Regulation Reporter Research Risk Risk-Taking Sampling Social Behavior Social Functioning Social Interaction Social isolation Staging Symptoms Testing Theoretical model Yang Youth base brain research depressive symptoms design diaries experience externalizing behavior mortality neuroimaging peer physical conditioning psychologic public health relevance relating to nervous system response social social integration social neuroscience therapy development

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Exposure to family conflict has been linked with later deficits in social functioning, and social difficulties are implicated in a variety of psychological disorders. The proposed study seeks to inform research into the causes and consequences of social vulnerability by identifying neural markers of maladaptive social processing among adolescents. We test a theoretical model linking family conflict to social behavior and psychological symptoms in a diverse sample of youth in late adolescence (ages 17-19) whose exposure to family conflict has been tracked as part of an eight-year, five-wave longitudinal study. We focus in particular to the neural correlates of reactivity to social exclusion, a construct we label social exclusion reactivity (SER). We will introduce participants to two functional neuroimaging (fMRI) tasks designed to assess neural SER (NSER): the Cyberball paradigm (Williams & Jarvis, 2006), a computer game that elicits feelings of social exclusion, and the Social Pain Task (Immordino-Yang, McColI, Damasio and Damasio, in press), in which youth are presented with vignettes showing others being socially excluded or rejected. Both neuroimaging tasks have been linked with increased activation in brain regions associated with distress and pain processing. We expect youth with past exposure to family conflict to display greater activation in these "distress" areas, as well as diminished ability to manage that distress by recruiting areas of the prefrontal cortex that have been shown to help down regulate social distress in previous studies. We also expect these neural correlates of SER to be associated with youths' psychological symptoms and with their everyday social behavior as measured during a 14-day daily diary study. By integrating these two neuroimaging protocols with longitudinal data on family conflict from multiple reporters and ecologically valid data on adolescents' real-life social interactions, the proposed project should offer an unprecedented depth of perspective on social functioning at a pivotal developmental stage. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Conflictual family environments and a lack of social integration have both been linked with increased mental and physical health risks across the lifespan. Research that identifies markers of social vulnerability in young people, at the level of nonconscious cognitive and affective processing, can inform understanding of psychological disorders related to social functioning and the development of interventions targeting youth at risk. Important, enduring relationships are often formed during the transition from adolescence to adulthood, while psychological symptoms may begin to emerge, warranting a focus on social difficulty during this stage of life.

描述（由申请人提供）：暴露于家庭冲突与后来的社会功能缺陷有关，而社交困难又与各种心理障碍有关。拟议的研究旨在通过识别青少年中适应不良的社会处理的神经标记来为社会脆弱性的原因和后果的研究提供信息。我们在青春期后期（17-19岁）的不同样本中测试了一个将家庭冲突与社会行为和心理症状联系起来的理论模型，作为一项为期八年、五波纵向研究的一部分，对这些样本的家庭冲突暴露情况进行了追踪。我们特别关注社会排斥反应的神经相关性，我们将这种结构称为社会排斥反应（SER）。我们将向参与者介绍两项旨在评估神经 SER (NSER) 的功能神经影像 (fMRI) 任务：Cyberball 范式（Williams & Jarvis，2006）、一种引发社会排斥感的电脑游戏和社交疼痛任务（Immordino- Yang，McColI，Damasio 和 Damasio，正在出版），其中向年轻人展示了其他人被社会排斥或拒绝的小插曲。这两项神经影像任务都与与痛苦和疼痛处理相关的大脑区域的激活增加有关。我们预计，过去经历过家庭冲突的青少年在这些“痛苦”区域表现出更大的活跃性，并且通过招募前额叶皮层区域来管理这种痛苦的能力下降，而在之前的研究中，这些区域已被证明有助于减轻社会痛苦。我们还预计 SER 的这些神经相关性与青少年的心理症状以及他们在 14 天的每日日记研究中测量的日常社交行为有关。通过将这两种神经影像学方案与来自多个记者的家庭冲突纵向数据以及青少年现实生活中社交互动的生态有效数据相结合，拟议的项目应该为关键发展阶段的社会功能提供前所未有的深度视角。公共卫生相关性：冲突的家庭环境和缺乏社会融合都与一生中精神和身体健康风险的增加有关。在无意识认知和情感处理水平上识别年轻人社会脆弱性标志的研究可以帮助理解与社会功能相关的心理障碍，并制定针对面临风险的年轻人的干预措施。重要的、持久的关系通常是在从青春期到成年的过渡过程中形成的，而心理症状可能开始出现，需要关注这一人生阶段的社交困难。