Adolescent sleep delay: circadian regulation and phase shifting with light

青少年睡眠延迟：昼夜节律调节和光相移

• 批准号: 8457087
• 负责人: Stephanie Crowley McWilliam
• 金额: $ 40.36万
• 依托单位: RUSH UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-04-09 至 2017-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8457087
• 关键词: Address; Adolescence; Adolescent; Adult; Attenuated; Automobile Driving; Beds; Behavior; Behavioral; Biological; Boxing; Child; Chronic; Circadian Rhythms; Conflict (Psychology); Cues; Data; Depressed mood; Disease; Home environment; Hour; Human; Impairment; Individual; Knowledge; Laboratories; Lead; Learning; Length; Life; Light; Lighting; Mammals; Melatonin; Methods; Moods; Outcome; Outcome Measure; Participant; Pattern; Phase; Phase response curves; Process; Puberty; Regulation; Relative (related person); Reporting; Research Project Grants; Risk; Running; Salivary; Sampling; Schedule; School-Age Population; Schools; Sleep; Sleep Deprivation; Sleep Disorders; Stimulus; System; Teenagers; Testing; Time; age group; aged; alertness; base; circadian pacemaker; cost effective; design; direct application; experience; falls; high school; improved; light treatment; practical application; primary outcome; response; sleep regulation; social; tau Proteins; tool; young adult

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The broad aim of this proposal is to examine the adolescent circadian (~24-hour) system and its phase shifting responses to light in comparison to adults. Adolescents often report late bedtimes and a tendency to be most alert in the evening, behaviors that are partly driven by the endogenous circadian clock. The circadian cue for sleep and wake initiation is late during the teen years. Unfortunately, this late sleep pattern coincides with the early start time of high school. Thus, many adolescents in high school (aged 14-17 years) are faced with a conflicting biological drive to fall asleep late and a social drive to wake early for school. The resulting sleep restriction is associated with a number of negative outcomes, including poor academic grades, an increased risk for depressed mood, and decrements in daytime alertness. Bright light is able to phase shift (reset) the circadian clock, and thus could help youngsters adjust to their early school sleep/wake schedule. Commercially available light boxes could be used at home for treatment; however, it is essential to have a phase response curve (PRC) to light to know the optimal times of bright light administration and avoidance to produce the maximum phase shift in the desired direction. PRCs graphically illustrate the phase shifting response to a stimulus (e.g., bright light) when it is presented at different times across the 24-hour day. Currently, there are several PRCs to light for young adult humans, but no light PRC exists for adolescent humans. It remains untested whether the adult light PRC is appropriate to guide light treatment in adolescents. We aim to generate a PRC to light for adolescents aged 14-17 years and a PRC to light for adults aged 35 to 45 years. By doing so, we will examine the hypothesis that adolescents manifest smaller phase advance responses and/or larger phase delay responses to light compared to adults. We will also examine the hypothesis that adolescents manifest a longer free-running circadian period compared to adults. Participants will complete two counterbalanced 5-day laboratory sessions. Each session begins and ends with salivary melatonin sampling to determine the phase shift of the circadian clock. In between, participants keep an ultradian light/dark schedule (sleep for 2 h and wake for 2 h) for 3 days. In one session, no stimulus is given and the circadian system free-runs yielding the endogenous circadian period. In the other, a bright light stimulus is turned on once per day at various points of the circadian cycle. Resulting phase shifts after bright light ar corrected for an individual's free-running period, and are plotted relative to light administration time to generate the PRCs. This study may further our understanding of circadian factors associated with late sleep patterns during adolescence. Furthermore, PRCs to light generated from this study will have direct and practical applications for phase shifting circadian rhythms and treating circadian-based sleep disorders in these age groups.

描述（由申请人提供）：该提案的广泛目的是检查青少年昼夜节律（〜24小时）系统及其与成人相比对光的反应。青少年经常报告晚期的晚期，并且在傍晚时期最警觉的趋势是由内源性昼夜节律驱动的行为。在青少年时期，昼夜节律的睡眠和唤醒启动时间很晚。不幸的是，这种晚期的睡眠模式重合 随着高中的早期开始。因此，许多高中的青少年（14-17岁）面临着较晚入睡的生物学动力，社交动力醒来 早期上学。由此产生的睡眠限制与许多负面结果有关，包括学术成绩差，情绪低落的风险增加以及白天警觉性的下降。 Bright Light能够相移（重置）昼夜节律，因此可以帮助年轻人适应早期的睡眠/唤醒时间表。可以在家中使用市售的轻盒；但是，必须具有相位响应曲线（PRC），以了解明亮光的最佳时间和避免以在所需方向上产生最大相移的最佳时间。 PRC以图形方式说明了在24小时一天在不同时间呈现刺激的相位转移对刺激的反应（例如，明亮的光）。目前，对于年轻的成年人来说，有几个PRC可以点燃，但是青春期的人类没有明确的PRC。是否适合指导青少年的轻型治疗，仍然没有测试。我们的目标是为14-17岁的青少年生成一个中国的企业，并为35至45岁的成年人提供启发。通过这样做，我们将研究以下假设：与成年人相比，青少年表现出较小的相位预先反应和/或较大的相位延迟响应。我们还将研究以下假设：与成年人相比，青少年表现出更长的自由巡逻时期。参与者将完成两个平衡的5天实验室会议。每个会话以唾液褪黑激素采样开始和结束，以确定昼夜节律的相移。在两者之间，参与者保持超级轻/黑暗的时间表（睡2小时，唤醒2小时）3天。在一个会话中，没有给出刺激，昼夜节日自由运行产生了内源性昼夜节律。另一方面，在昼夜节律的各个点，每天打开一次明亮的光刺激。明亮的光AR校正了个人的自由运行时期后，相对于光的给药绘制的相移 是时候生成PRC。这项研究可能会进一步理解青春期与晚期睡眠方式相关的昼夜节律因素。此外，这项研究产生的PRC将在这些年龄段的昼夜节律和治疗基于昼夜节律的睡眠障碍方面有直接且实用的应用。