Outdoor Resting and Sugar Feeding Behaviors of African Malaria Vectors

非洲疟疾病媒的户外休息和食糖行为

• 批准号: 8624655
• 负责人: John C. Beier
• 金额: $ 59.17万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MIAMI SCHOOL OF MEDICINE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-03-01 至 2018-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8624655
• 关键词: Address; Adult; Affect; Africa; African; Angiosperms; Anopheles Genus; Anopheles gambiae; Area; Automobile Driving; Awareness; Behavior; Biological; Blood; Characteristics; Climate; Complex; Country; Culicidae; Development; Distant; Ecology; Environment; Epidemiology; Exhibits; Falciparum Malaria; Feeding behaviors; Female; Fruit; Goals; Habitats; Housing; Investigation; Israel; Knowledge; Location; Longevity; Malaria; Mali; Microclimate; Modeling; Movement; Nutritional; Outcomes Research; Parasites; Pattern; Plants; Plasmodium falciparum; Population; Public Health; Research; Resources; Rest; Role; Seasons; Site; Solid; Source; Staging; Testing; Time; Weight; base; environmental change; evidence base; feeding; field study; improved; innovation; insight; killings; life history; neglect; novel strategies; physical property; predictive modeling; public health relevance; response; stem; success; sugar; tool; transmission process; vector; vector control

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This project focuses on the outdoor resting and sugar-feeding behaviors of Anopheles malaria vector populations in Mali, West Africa, where, as in most African countries, malaria is a serious public health problem. An understanding of mosquito behaviors in the outdoor environment is becoming increasingly important because there is a growing awareness that vector control tools beyond those used exclusively inside houses are needed to achieve successful malaria control and local elimination. Currently, for the major malaria vector species in Africa, Anopheles gambiae, An. arabiensis, and An. funestus, there is only limited knowledge on their outdoor resting behavior, and the role of sugar or nectars in their life history is mostly speculated due to a lack of field-based evidence. Furthermore, resting and sugar feeding behaviors likely exhibit extensive phenotypic plasticity but the role of the ecological environment as the possible key driver has not been investigated. Therefore, the goal of this project is to investigate Anopheles mosquito outdoor resting and sugar- feeding behaviors at ecologically diverse sites in Mali to determine how complex relationships between these behaviors and the seasonally changing local environment affect malaria transmission. Field studies in Mali will be conducted at 10 study sites located in 3 major eco-climatic zones that span the sub-Saharan Sahel region. Study areas are already well characterized with respect to vector populations, seasonal Plasmodium falciparum transmission, and malaria epidemiology. This project, which builds on extensive preliminary studies in Mali and Israel, includes three specific aims: 1) Characterize how malaria vector species select from different types, configurations, and qualities of potential outdoor resting microhabitats and sugar-feeding centers, and behaviorally adapt to seasonal changes in their local environment~ 2) Determine how local environmental resources critical for malaria vector outdoor resting and sugar feeding affect malaria vectorial capacity and spatial aggregation patterns of malaria parasite transmission~ and 3) Develop and evaluate new approaches and field-based criteria to identify concentrations of adult anopheline mosquitoes in the outdoor environment. Innovative aspects include: First, new field-based approaches will be used to investigate two important but highly neglected mosquito behaviors, Second, this is the first study to examine how mosquitoes adapt their outdoor-resting and sugar-feeding behaviors in response to seasonal changes in their local environment. Third, this project will explain how outdoor-resting and sugar-feeding behaviors impact vector survival and malaria parasite transmission dynamics. Fourth, new predictive models for identifying concentrations of malaria vectors will be rigorously field-tested and refined to improve their accuracy and potential utility beyond Mali. By providing a strong scientific basis for development of new approaches and tools for anopheline mosquito vector control in outdoor environments, this project has strong potential for helping Mali and other countries improve malaria control and advance toward the ultimate goal of elimination.

描述（由申请人提供）：该项目着重于西非马里的河藻疟疾媒介种群的室外休息和喂食行为，在大多数非洲国家中，疟疾是一个严重的公共卫生问题。对室外环境中蚊子行为的理解变得越来越重要，因为人们越来越意识到，需要超越房屋内部使用的媒介控制工具来实现成功的疟疾控制和局部消除。目前，对于非洲的主要疟疾载体物种，Anopheles Gambiae，An。阿拉伯语和。 Funestus，只有关于其室外休息行为的知识有限，由于缺乏基于现场的证据，糖或花蜜在其人生历史上的作用主要是被推测。此外，静息和糖喂养行为可能表现出广泛的表型可塑性，但是生态环境作为可能的关键驱动因素的作用尚未被研究。因此，该项目的目的是研究马里生态多样的地点的蚊子蚊子室外休息和糖喂养行为，以确定这些行为与季节性变化的局部环境之间的复杂关系如何影响疟疾的传播。马里的现场研究将在位于跨撒哈拉以南萨赫勒地区的3个主要生态气候区域的10个研究地点进行。研究区域已经在载体种群，季节性疟原虫传播和疟疾流行病学方面得到很好的特征。该项目基于马里和以色列的广泛初步研究，包括三个具体目标：1）表征疟疾矢量物种如何从不同类型，配置和潜在室外休息的微栖息地和糖喂养中心和糖的质量中进行选择，并在行为上适应了当地环境中的刺激性群体，并在其季节性上适应了玛利亚的季后赛〜2）疟疾寄生虫传播的空间聚集模式〜和3）开发和评估新的方法和基于现场的标准，以鉴定室外环境中成人蚊子的浓度。创新的方面包括：首先，将使用新的基于现场的方法来研究两种重要但高度忽视的蚊子行为，其次，这是首次研究蚊子如何适应其室外室外饮料和糖喂养行为，以应对当地环境的季节性变化。第三，该项目将解释户外和喂食行为如何影响向量存活和疟疾寄生虫传播动态。第四，识别疟疾载体浓度的新预测模型将经过严格的现场测试 并精致以提高其超越马里的准确性和潜在效用。通过为开发室外环境中蚊子向量控制的新方法和工具的开发提供强大的科学依据，该项目具有帮助马里和其他国家改善疟疾控制并迈向消除最终目标的强大潜力。