PAHs: New Technologies and Emerging Health Risks

PAH：新技术和新出现的健康风险

• 批准号: 8494728
• 负责人: David E Williams
• 金额: $ 1.08万
• 依托单位: OREGON STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-04-27 至 2013-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8494728
• 关键词: Adverse effects; Aging; Analytical Chemistry; Aromatic Polycyclic Hydrocarbons; Automobiles; Basic Science; Bioinformatics; Burn injury; Carbon; China; Chinese American; Coal; Communication; Community Outreach; Data Storage and Retrieval; Deposition; Development; Devices; Doctor of Medicine; Energy-Generating Resources; Ensure; Environmental Health; Environmental Pollutants; Gasoline; General Population; Grant; Health; Human; Human Resources; Institution; Laboratories; Master of Public Health; Modeling; Mus; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences; Native Americans; Nature; Petroleum; Plants; Population; Population Research; Prevention approach; Production; Public Health; Recording of previous events; Research Personnel; Research Project Grants; Research Support; Resource Sharing; Risk; Sampling; Skin; Superfund; Tobacco smoke; Translational Research; Trust; Zebrafish; analytical method; base; cancer prevention; cooking; design; experience; exposed human population; innovation; nanomaterials; new technology; programs; statistics; success; superfund site; tribal community

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs), re-emerging environmental pollutants of concern, found at Superfund sites and urban settings, are formed in the burning of carbon-based energy sources, e.g., diesel, gasoline, coal, petroleum and in cooking or tobacco smoke. Increasing energy needs world-wide contribute to PAH production, resulting in human exposures. This new Superfund Basic Research Program brings together a multi-disciplinary team, from an academic institution and a National Laboratory, with years of experience in PAHs and environmental health issues. The investigators designed 6 Research Projects that are innovative and exciting, and that explore new mechanisms of PAHs and their impact on human health. The Projects focus on 1) PAHs in skin and transplacental cancer and prevention approaches; 2) the construction of the first PAH PBPK model using both mice and humans; 3) adverse effects on development in a versatile model (zebrafish); 4) the development of passive sampling devices, deployed at Superfund sites, testable in the zebrafish model; 5) the development of analytical methods for tracking another emerging potential health threat, nanomaterials, and 6) determining PAH composition and atmospheric deposition (in China, coal-fired energy plants and automobile use is exploding) and the effects of PAHs "aging" in transport to the U.S.; the focus will be on highly exposed populations (Chinese and Native Americans in the U.S.). The Research Support Cores are the Statistics and Bioinformatics Core, and the Analytical Chemistry Core, which provide a continuum critical to success in data storage, analysis and sharing, and use of PAH standards and analysis. Common use of the Cores by Projects ensures high reliability and consistency. Personnel in the Research Translation Core (RTC), directed by an M.D., M.P.H., have years of experience in public health and serve as a conduit between research and populations with exposure concerns. The Community Outreach Core, tied closely to the RTC, has experience with Tribal Communities concerned about PAH exposure, and the Core has developed creative venues for communication of scientific results with the general public. Finally, the administrative team has a long history of successful management of NIEHS multi-investigator grants and acquisition of strong institutional support. The innovative nature of these Projects, the high significance of PAHs, the tight integration, the shared resources and approaches, the demonstrated ability to distill scientific studies to impacted populations and the long history of successful administration provide this new SBRP with what we trust the reviewers will judge to be many exciting and important strengths with high innovation in the approaches taken.

在超级基金地点和城市环境中发现的重新出现的关注环境污染物的多环芳烃（PAHS）是在燃烧碳基能源的燃烧中形成的，例如柴油，汽油，汽油，煤炭，石油和烹饪或烟或烟雾。全球范围内的能源需求增加会导致PAH生产，从而导致人类暴露。这项新的超级基础研究计划将一个学术机构和国家实验室的多学科团队汇集在一起​​，在PAHS和环境健康问题方面拥有多年的经验。研究人员设计了6个创新和令人兴奋的研究项目，并探讨了PAH的新机制及其对人类健康的影响。这些项目的重点是1）皮肤和移植癌和预防方法中的PAH； 2）使用小鼠和人类构建了第一个PAH PBPK模型； 3）对多功能模型（斑马鱼）中发展的不利影响； 4）开发在斑马鱼模型中可测试的超级基金站点的被动抽样设备的开发； 5）开发用于跟踪另一种潜在的健康威胁，纳米材料和6）确定PAH组成和大气沉积（在中国，燃煤能量工厂和汽车使用的情况正在爆炸）以及PAHS“衰老”在美国运输中的影响；重点将放在高度暴露的人群上（美国中国和美洲原住民）。研究支持核心是统计和生物信息学核心，分析化学核心，这些核心为数据存储，分析和共享以及PAH标准和分析的使用提供了至关重要的连续体。通过项目对核心的共同使用可确保高可靠性和一致性。由M.D.，M.P.H.执导的研究翻译核心（RTC）中的人员在公共卫生方面具有多年的经验，并作为研究与人口之间的渠道，引起了暴露的关注。与RTC紧密联系的社区外展核心与关注PAH暴露的部落社区有经验，并且该核心为与公众传播科学成果的创造场所。最后，行政团队在成功管理NIEHS的多项投资者赠款和获得强大的机构支持方面拥有悠久的历史。这些项目的创新性质，PAH的高意义，紧密的整合，共同的资源和方法，证明了将科学研究提炼到影响人群的能力以及成功的行政管理的悠久历史为这一新的SBRP提供了我们信任的审稿人，我们将审查者判断许多令人兴奋和重要的优势在采取的方法中具有很高的创新能力。