PAHs: New Technologies and Emerging Health Risks

PAH：新技术和新出现的健康风险

• 批准号: 7918619
• 负责人: David E Williams
• 金额: $ 23.56万
• 依托单位: OREGON STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-09-17 至 2012-09-16
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7918619
• 关键词: PAHs; New; Technologies; Emerging; Health

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant) Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs), re-emerging environmental pollutants of concern, found at Superfund sites and urban settings, are formed in the burning of carbon-based energy sources, e.g., diesel, gasoline, coal, petroleum and in cooking or tobacco smoke. Increasing energy needs world-wide contribute to PAH production, resulting in human exposures. This new Superfund Basic Research Program brings together a multi-disciplinary team, from an academic institution and a National Laboratory, with years of experience in PAHs and environmental health issues. The investigators designed 6 Research Projects that are innovative and exciting, and that explore new mechanisms of PAHs and their impact on human health. The Projects focus on 1) PAHs in skin and transplacental cancer and prevention approaches; 2) the construction of the first PAH PBPK model using both mice and humans; 3) adverse effects on development in a versatile model (zebrafish); 4) the development of passive sampling devices, deployed at Superfund sites, testable in the zebrafish model; 5) the development of analytical methods for tracking another emerging potential health threat, nanomaterials, and 6) determining PAH composition and atmospheric deposition (in China, coal-fired energy plants and automobile use is exploding) and the effects of PAHs "aging" in transport to the U.S.; the focus will be on highly exposed populations (Chinese and Native Americans in the U.S.). The Research Support Cores are the Statistics and Bioinformatics Core, and the Analytical Chemistry Core, which provide a continuum critical to success in data storage, analysis and sharing, and use of PAH standards and analysis. Common use of the Cores by Projects ensures high reliability and consistency. Personnel in the Research Translation Core (RTC), directed by an M.D., M.P.H., have years of experience in public health and serve as a conduit between research and populations with exposure concerns. The Community Outreach Core, tied closely to the RTC, has experience with Tribal Communities concerned about PAH exposure, and the Core has developed creative venues for communication of scientific results with the general public. Finally, the administrative team has a long history of successful management of NIEHS multi-investigator grants and acquisition of strong institutional support. The innovative nature of these Projects, the high significance of PAHs, the tight integration, the shared resources and approaches, the demonstrated ability to distill scientific studies to impacted populations and the long history of successful administration provide this new SBRP with what we trust the reviewers will judge to be many exciting and important strengths with high innovation in the approaches taken. ADMINISTRATIVE CORE (Williams) Description (provided by applicant) The Administrative Core oversees all Superfund Basic Research Program (SBRP) activities. The principal investigator, Dr. Williams, is at Oregon State University (OSU); the co-principal investigator, Dr. Rick Corley, is at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL). Core personnel have an extensive history of successfully administrating multi-investigator, multi-disciplinary and multi-institutional grants including NIEHS Centers, Training Grants and Program Projects. OSU is a leader in toxicology and environmental health research and one of only two land, sea, space and sun grant universities. Recently the College in which 8/11 Project or Core leaders reside, ranked first in citation impact (Science Watch). PNNL is one of ten National Laboratories funded by the DOE with 4200 staff members and $725 million dollars of funded grants and contracts. The SBRP investigators at PNNL reside in the Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory with state-of-the-art facilities for bioinformatics and biocomputing. A significant institutional commitment from the OSU Research Office includes $100,000 each year (a $25,000 increase over the original submission) to assist the Administrative Core. These funds allow for additional external advisors and cover expenses for two-way video and audio for meetings of OSU and PNNL personnel. An additional institutional commitment from the College assigns 60% of returned overhead to the principal investigator: $148,000 annually and $740,000 total. This money will be used to enhance the viability of the Program; for example the funding of pilot projects. The responsibilities of the Administrative Core can be summarized under 4 specific aims: 1) organize, conduct and evaluate meetings and other activities; 2) promote infrastructure and research enhancement; 3) conduct fiscal management; and, 4) communicate results to peers, stakeholders and the general public. A description of how these specific aims will be achieved is in the text that follows. In addition to the administrative team, with its history of working together on similar projects (crucial for specific aims 1-3), this SBRP has personnel with excellent credentials in communication to stakeholders and the general public. The investigators are confident that they have the right team to lead this effort, strong institutional support, and the right balance of structure and flexibility needed for the success of this SBRP proposal.

描述（由申请人提供） 在超级基金地点和城市环境中发现的重新出现的关注环境污染物的多环芳烃（PAHS）是在燃烧碳基能源的燃烧中形成的，例如柴油，汽油，汽油，煤炭，石油和烹饪或烟或烟雾。全球范围内的能源需求增加会导致PAH生产，从而导致人类暴露。这项新的超级基础研究计划将一个学术机构和国家实验室的多学科团队汇集在一起​​，在PAHS和环境健康问题方面拥有多年的经验。研究人员设计了6个创新和令人兴奋的研究项目，并探讨了PAH的新机制及其对人类健康的影响。这些项目的重点是1）皮肤和移植癌和预防方法中的PAH； 2）使用小鼠和人类构建了第一个PAH PBPK模型； 3）对多功能模型（斑马鱼）中发展的不利影响； 4）开发在斑马鱼模型中可测试的超级基金站点的被动抽样设备的开发； 5）开发用于跟踪另一种潜在的健康威胁，纳米材料和6）确定PAH组成和大气沉积（在中国，燃煤能量工厂和汽车使用的情况正在爆炸）以及PAHS“衰老”在美国运输中的影响；重点将放在高度暴露的人群上（美国中国和美洲原住民）。研究支持核心是统计和生物信息学核心，分析化学核心，这些核心为数据存储，分析和共享以及PAH标准和分析的使用提供了至关重要的连续体。通过项目对核心的共同使用可确保高可靠性和一致性。由M.D.，M.P.H.执导的研究翻译核心（RTC）中的人员在公共卫生方面具有多年的经验，并作为研究与人口之间的渠道，引起了暴露的关注。与RTC紧密联系的社区外展核心与关注PAH暴露的部落社区有经验，并且该核心为与公众传播科学成果的创造场所。最后，行政团队在成功管理NIEHS的多项投资者赠款和获得强大的机构支持方面拥有悠久的历史。这些项目的创新性质，PAH的高意义，紧密的整合，共同的资源和方法，证明了将科学研究提炼到影响人群的能力以及成功的行政管理的悠久历史为这一新的SBRP提供了我们信任的审稿人，我们将审查者判断许多令人兴奋和重要的优势在采取的方法中具有很高的创新能力。 行政核心（威廉姆斯） 描述（由申请人提供） 行政核心监督所有超级基础研究计划（SBRP）活动。首席研究员威廉姆斯博士在俄勒冈州立大学（OSU）；联合首席调查员里克·科利（Rick Corley）博士位于太平洋西北国家实验室（PNNL）。核心人员拥有悠久的历史，即成功地管理多元投资者，多学科和多机构赠款，包括NIEHS中心，培训赠款和计划项目。 OSU是毒理学和环境健康研究的领导者，也是仅有的两种土地，海洋，太空和太阳赠款大学之一。最近，8/11项目或核心领导者居住的大学在引文影响（科学观察）中排名第一。 PNNL是由DOE资助的十个国家实验室之一，拥有4200名员工和7.25亿美元的资助赠款和合同。 PNNL的SBRP研究人员居住在环境分子科学实验室，该实验室具有最先进的生物信息学和生物计算设施。 OSU研究办公室的一项重大机构承诺包括每年100,000美元（比原始提交的提交增加25,000美元），以协助行政核心。这些资金允许其他外部顾问，并支付OSU和PNNL人员会议的双向视频和音频的费用。该学院的另一项机构承诺将60％的返回开销归还给了首席调查员：每年148,000美元，总计$ 740,000。这笔钱将用于增强该计划的可行性；例如，试点项目的资金。行政核心的责任可以总结在4个具体目的：1）组织，进行和评估会议和其他活动； 2）促进基础设施和研究增强； 3）进行财政管理； 4）将结果传达给同龄人，利益相关者和公众。在以下文本中，描述了如何实现这些特定目标的描述。除行政团队外，还具有在类似项目上共同努力的历史（对于特定目标1-3至关重要），该SBRP还拥有与利益相关者和公众的沟通能力出色的人员。调查人员有信心，他们有合适的团队领导这项努力，强大的机构支持以及该SBRP提案成功所需的结构和灵活性的正确平衡。