Relationships, Sexual Norms, and HIV Prevention Among African American Youth

非裔美国青年的关系、性规范和艾滋病毒预防

• 批准号: 8487260
• 负责人: KARIN Kristina COYLE
• 金额: $ 43.79万
• 依托单位: EDUCATION, TRAINING, & RESEARCH ASSOCS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-09-01 至 2014-10-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8487260
• 关键词: AIDS prevention; AIDS/HIV problem; Accounting; Address; Adolescence; Adolescent; Adolescent Development; Affect; African American; Age; Attitude; Awareness; Behavior; Behavior Therapy; Behavioral; Belief; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.); Characteristics; Child; Childhood; Coitus; Communication; Communities; Data; Development; Education; Educational Curriculum; Electronics; Elements; Ensure; Environment; Ethnic Origin; Evaluation; Event; Future; Gender; Genital system; HIV; Hand; Home environment; Infection; Intervention; Intervention Studies; Knowledge; Literature; Methods; Minority; Modeling; National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; Parents; Patient Self-Report; Personal Digital Assistant; Play; Prevention; Prevention program; Preventive Intervention; Process; Public Health; Race; Randomized; Reaction; Research; Risk; Risk Behaviors; Risk Reduction; Risk-Taking; Role; Schools; Self Efficacy; Sexual Partners; Sexuality; Sexually Transmitted Diseases; Site; Staging; Students; Surveys; Testing; Time; Touch sensation; Unplanned pregnancy; Youth; base; condoms; design; disorder risk; early adolescence; effective intervention; evidence base; innovation; middle school; parent-child communication; peer; positive youth development; pregnancy prevention; pressure; prevent; programs; sex; sex risk; sexual relationship; skills; social; social norm; statistics; stem; theories

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Urban minority youth, particularly African Americans, are disproportionately affected by HIV/AIDS and other sexually transmitted infections (STIs) (CDC, 2007a, 2007b, 2008a). Although early adolescence is a valuable window to focus prevention efforts, there are relatively few evidence-based HIV prevention interventions for middle school youth that have been tested and found effective in school settings. Consistent with the objectives of the NICHD RFA, the proposed study is designed to address these gaps by developing and testing a new theory-based intervention for urban, minority, middle school youth that builds on essential elements of sexuality development, sexual risk behavior prevention, and positive youth development. The proposed study will assess the effects of two theoretically based intervention components that aim to promote relationship development as an avenue of reducing sexual risk taking behaviors: (1) a skills- and norm-based HIV, other STI, and pregnancy prevention curriculum that will focus on relationships and related behaviors that may affect disease risk, such as developing healthy relationships, sexual partnering (e.g., multiple and concurrent partners), relationship norms (e.g., when to have sex in relationships), condom use and HIV/STI testing within relationships, and ending unhealthy relationships; and (2) a school-wide social norms component that will feature monthly peer-led activities (some delivered via electronic media) to permeate the school environment with pro-social norms regarding healthy relationships--reinforcing and extending the potential effects of the classroom curriculum, and providing positive models for other youth. The program will be evaluated to determine its efficacy in altering behavioral intentions and sexual risk taking behaviors (e.g., sexual initiation, number and type of partners, condom use) and related determinants, such as functional knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, perceived norms, parent-child communication, sexual limits, and awareness of risky situations. The evaluation will feature a randomized controlled design involving 10 schools (approximately 1,500 students). Five schools would receive the intervention; the other five would serve as comparison sites. Students would be assessed 3 times during the study--baseline, 6 and 18 months, using self report surveys administered with audio-enhanced personal digital assistants (APDAs). The proposed study would be among the first to evaluate an HIV prevention program for middle school youth that features relationships as a core theme. Further, resulting data would expand the limited literature on prevention activities for early adolescents; it would also add to a growing body of literature on adolescent relationship development, particularly among African American and other urban minority youth.

项目概要/摘要 城市少数族裔青年，特别是非裔美国人，不成比例地受到艾滋病毒/艾滋病和其他疾病的影响。 性传播感染（STI）（CDC，2007a、2007b、2008a）。尽管青春期早期是一个宝贵的时期 集中预防工作的窗口期，基于证据的艾滋病毒预防干预措施相对较少 经过测试并发现在学校环境中有效的中学生。符合 NICHD RFA 的目标，拟议的研究旨在通过开发和测试来解决这些差距 一种针对城市、少数民族、中学生的新的基于理论的干预措施，该干预措施建立在 性发展、性危险行为预防和积极的青少年发展。拟议的研究 将评估旨在促进关系的两个基于理论的干预措施的效果 发展作为减少性冒险行为的途径：（1）基于技能和规范的艾滋病毒，其他 性传播感染和怀孕预防课程将重点关注可能影响的人际关系和相关行为 疾病风险，例如发展健康的关系、性伴侣（例如，多重和并发的 伴侣）、关系规范（例如，何时在关系中发生性行为）、安全套使用和 HIV/STI 检测 关系，并结束不健康的关系； (2) 全校范围内的社会规范组成部分 每月开展由同伴主导的活动（有些通过电子媒体进行），以渗透到学校环境中 遵守关于健康关系的亲社会规范——加强和扩大潜在影响 课堂课程，并为其他青少年提供积极的榜样。该计划将被评估为 确定其在改变行为意图和性冒险行为（例如，性开始、 性伴侣的数量和类型、安全套的使用）以及相关的决定因素，例如功能性知识、态度、 信仰、认知规范、亲子沟通、性限制和对危险情况的认识。这 评估将采用随机对照设计，涉及 10 所学校（约 1,500 名学生）。 五所学校将接受干预；其他五个将作为比较站点。学生会是 研究期间使用自我报告调查进行了 3 次评估——基线、6 个月和 18 个月 音频增强型个人数字助理 (APDA)。拟议的研究将是首批评估的研究之一 一项针对中学生的艾滋病毒预防计划，以人际关系为核心主题。更远， 由此产生的数据将扩大关于青少年早期预防活动的有限文献；它还会 越来越多的关于青少年关系发展的文献，特别是非洲青少年关系发展的文献 美国和其他城市少数民族青年。