Mapping the optic lobes for color vision

绘制色觉视叶图

• 批准号: 8411124
• 负责人: Claude Desplan
• 金额: $ 32.58万
• 依托单位: NEW YORK UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-02-01 至 2016-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8411124
• 关键词: Address; Adult; Affect; Age; Antibodies; Back; Behavior; Behavior Control; Behavioral; Behavioral Assay; Biological Assay; Biological Models; Biological Neural Networks; Brain; Cells; Code; Collection; Color; Color Visions; Columnar Cell; Complex; Detection; Development; Discrimination; Drosophila eye; Drosophila genus; Electrophysiology (science); Embryo; Enhancers; Ganglia; Gene Expression; Genes; Genetic; Goals; Grant; Individual; Interneurons; Knowledge; Label; Life; Light; Logic; Maps; Mediating; Memory; Molecular; Morphology; Mothers; Motion; Neuronal Differentiation; Neurons; Optic Lobe; Optics; Organism; Pathway interactions; Photoreceptors; Positioning Attribute; Process; Role; Shapes; Specific qualifier value; Staging; Stimulus; Structure; System; Techniques; Testing; Trackball Device Component; Transcription factor genes; Walking; Work; cell type; color detection; combinatorial; compound eye; daughter cell; fly; gain of function; information gathering; nerve stem cell; neural circuit; neuroblast; neuroepithelium; notch protein; programs; regional difference; relating to nervous system; research study; response; retinotopic; screening; sensory system; tool; transcription factor; visual information

PROJECT SUMMARY This proposal is a renewal of 5R01EY017916-04 "Mapping the optic lobes for color vision". Visual information gathered by the Drosophila eye is first processed in the optic lobes, lamina, medulla and lobula complex. The medulla is the first relay in the neural network for color vision, but it is the second step in the motion detection pathway. In the previous granting period, we have defined over 70 cell types that form overlapping retinotopic maps before projecting to the lobula complex. Because the medulla contains a finite number of neurons and connections that can be studied in exquisite detail, we can address fundamental questions about the development and function of a sophisticated neural structure. We present experiments to understand how optic neuron diversity is generated and how these neurons establish their retinotopic connections to photoreceptors. This will produce knowledge and tools that we will then use to analyze the function of individual neurons in optic pathways through electrophysiology and behavior assays. Three specific aims will help us reach these goals. (1). Sequential neuroblast (NB) switching generates neuronal diversity. We have discovered that the NBs generated as a wave of differentiation from the medulla neuroepithelium express sequentially at least three transcription factors in a process similar to the sequence observed in embryonic NBs. The neurons emerging from these NBs maintain expression of these genes and become different cell types. We will identify new NB and neuronal markers and identify the adult neuronal cell types derived from larval neurons marked by combinations of TFs. (2). Regionalization of medulla neuroepithelium and specialization of neuroblasts. The types of neurons generated by the sequentially generated NBs differ in distinct regions of the crescent shaped medulla Outer Proliferation Center (OPC). In the central part, young NBs produce both local columnar cells that remain where they were generated, as well as a smaller number of non-columnar neurons that migrate to occupy their retinotopic position in the entire adult medulla. We will analyze how the lineage of NBs is modified by their position along the OPC. We will then manipulate the positional identity of NBs and analyze the consequence on the neuronal composition of the medulla. We will thus define the combinatorial transcription factor code specifying medulla neuron types and will relate it to their adult fates. (3). Function of individual medulla neurons. We will record electrophysiological activity of these neurons in response to various light stimuli. We will continue our analysis of neurons involved in motion detection and extend this analysis of medulla neurons involved in chromatic pathways. The tools generated in aims 1 and 2 will allow us to silence of stimulate these neurons through 'intersectional' expression to analyze the motion and color behavior of flies using our flight simulator.

项目摘要 该提案是5R01EY017916-04的续订“映射光视觉的光瓣”。视觉的 果蝇眼收集的信息首先是在视觉叶，薄片，髓质和小叶中处理的 复杂的。髓质是彩色神经网络中的第一个继电器，但这是 运动检测途径。在上一个授予期内，我们定义了70多种形成的单元类型 在投射到小叶综合体之前，重叠的视网膜图。因为髓质包含有限的 可以细节研究的神经元和连接数量，我们可以解决基本 有关复杂神经结构的发展和功能的问题。我们将实验提出 了解光学神经元多样性的产生以及这些神经元如何建立视网膜 连接到感光体。这将产生知识和工具，然后我们将使用这些知识和工具来分析 通过电生理学和行为测定，单个神经元在视觉途径中的功能。三个具体 目标将帮助我们实现这些目标。 （1）。顺序神经细胞（NB）切换会产生神经元 多样性。我们发现NBS生成的是与髓质的一波浪潮 在类似于序列的过程中，神经上皮依次至少三个转录因子 在胚胎NB中观察到。来自这些NB的神经元保持了这些基因的表达， 成为不同的细胞类型。我们将识别新的NB和神经元标记，并确定成年神经元细胞 源自TFS组合的幼虫神经元的类型。 （2）。延髓神经上皮的区域化和神经细胞的专业化。神经元的类型 由依次生成的NB产生的NB在新月形外部的不同区域不同 增殖中心（OPC）。在中心部分，Young NB会产生两个局部柱状细胞，保留在此处 它们是生成的，以及较少数量的非柱神经元迁移以占据他们的神经元 整个成年髓质的视网膜位置。我们将分析NB的谱系如何通过其修改 沿OPC位置。然后，我们将操纵NB的位置身份并分析结果 关于髓质的神经元组成。因此，我们将定义组合转录因子代码 指定髓质神经元类型，并将其与他们的成人命运联系起来。 （3）。单个髓质的功能 神经元。我们将记录这些神经元的电生理活性，以响应各种光刺激。我们 将继续我们对涉及运动检测的神经元的分析，并扩展对髓质神经元的分析 参与色途径。目标1和2中产生的工具将使我们能够使这些工具保持沉默 通过“交叉”表达的神经元，使用我们的飞行来分析苍蝇的运动和颜色行为 模拟器。