In Vivo Measurements of Physiologically-evoked Neuronal Currents

生理诱发神经元电流的体内测量

• 批准号: 8517717
• 负责人: Gregory S. Karczmar
• 金额: $ 21.82万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-08-01 至 2015-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8517717
• 关键词: Animal Model; Blood; Brain; Brain imaging; Characteristics; Cognitive; Communities; Complex; Copper; Coupling; Detection; Development; Electroencephalography; Event; Foundations; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Future; Goals; Hemocyanin; Hemoglobin; Human; Image; Imaging Techniques; Lead; Left; Lobe; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Mammals; Maps; Measurable; Measurement; Measures; Mental disorders; Metabolism; Methods; Motor; Nature; Neurons; Neurosciences; Neurosciences Research; Octopus; Optics; Oxygen; Population; Positron-Emission Tomography; Process; Property; Reporting; Research Personnel; Research Project Grants; Resolution; Retina; Sensory; Signal Transduction; Source; Synapses; System; Techniques; Technology; Time; Transportation; Uncertainty; Variant; Visual system structure; base; blood oxygen level dependent; hemodynamics; human subject; improved; in vivo; innovation; innovative technologies; nervous system disorder; neuroimaging; regenerative; research study; success; tool

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The goal of this project is to use octopus as an in vivo animal model to explore the ability of MRI to directly detect the neuronal electrical currents evoked by normal sensory stimulation. In principle, neuronal current MRI (ncMRI) offers improved spatio-temporal resolution over current hemodynamic-based functional MRI methods. However, contradictory reports regarding the detection of ncMRI signal in human subjects have left the feasibility of ncMRI an open question. Since most previous human ncMRI studies are problematic due to their inability to separate or eliminate hemodynamic effects, no conclusion is yet been possible whether ncMRI is achievable. To resolve this long-standing debate convincingly, we will detect visually evoked ncMRI signals in the octopus. The octopus has a large brain and a highly developed visual system, but its blood does not produce any blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) contrast. Therefore, it is an ideal in vivo animal model for measuring ncMRI without BOLD contamination. The proposed ncMRI is an innovative technology that aims to image neuronal electrical currents directly. It should have a high impact by connecting the electrophysiological events in neurons with the systems-level view of large neuronal populations afforded by conventional MRI techniques. Successful development of this proposed research project will resolve the long-standing debate on the feasibility of ncMRI. Specifically, detection of any ncMRI signal will enable us, for the first time, to describe the temporal and spatial characteristics of neuronal current imaging. These measurements, in turn, will provide the necessary foundation for acquisition strategies and interpretations of future human ncMRI experiments.

描述（申请人提供）：本项目的目标是利用章鱼作为活体动物模型，探索MRI直接检测正常感觉刺激引起的神经元电流的能力。原则上，神经元电流 MRI (ncMRI) 比当前基于血流动力学的功能 MRI 方法提供了更高的时空分辨率。然而，关于在人类受试者中检测 ncMRI 信号的相互矛盾的报告使 ncMRI 的可行性成为一个悬而未决的问题。由于大多数先前的人类 ncMRI 研究由于无法分离或消除血流动力学影响而存在问题，因此尚无法得出 ncMRI 是否可以实现的结论。为了令人信服地解决这一长期存在的争论，我们将检测章鱼中视觉诱发的 ncMRI 信号。章鱼有一个很大的大脑和高度发达的视觉系统，但它的血液不会产生任何血氧水平依赖性（BOLD）对比度。因此，它是一种理想的无BOLD污染的测量ncMRI的体内动物模型。所提出的 ncMRI 是一项创新技术，旨在直接对神经元电流进行成像。通过将神经元中的电生理事件与传统 MRI 技术提供的大型神经元群体的系统级视图联系起来，它应该会产生很大的影响。该研究项目的成功开发将解决关于 ncMRI 可行性的长期争论。具体来说，任何 ncMRI 信号的检测将使我们第一次能够描述神经元电流成像的时间和空间特征。这些测量反过来将为未来人类 ncMRI 实验的采集策略和解释提供必要的基础。