Sustaining Populations and Landscapes at Risk: Adaptation in American Grasslands

维持面临风险的人口和景观：美国草原的适应

基本信息

批准号：
8292752
负责人：
KENNETH M SYLVESTER
金额：
$ 23.33万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2012
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2012-06-01 至 2014-03-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8292752
关键词：
Address Affect Africa Age Aging Agriculture American Area Asia Attention Capital Censuses Climate Collection Communities Complex County Coupled Data Data Set Databases Droughts Dust Economic Conditions Economic Factors Economics Environment Environmental Risk Factor Event Farming environment Global Change Goals Government Programs Grasslands Growth Household Housing Human Individual Kansas Knowledge Labor Forces Latin America Link Living Standards Location Marketing Measures Memory Ownership Pattern Perception Personal Satisfaction Physical environment Policies Population Population Process Precipitation Price Public Health Readiness Recording of previous events Recovery Reporting Reproduction Request for Applications Research Resolution Resources Risk Risk-Taking Running Science Series Shapes Signal Transduction Social Environment Social Sciences Soil Source Stress Structure Surveys System Technology Temperature Testing Time United States War Weather base climate change court data structure digital environmental change experience farmer human capital human migration indexing intergenerational land cover land use life history longitudinal database metropolitan migration pressure reconstruction response social theories

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Few events are as important to global understanding of human-induced environmental change as the American Dust Bowl. This application requests support to explore the relationship between environment and population loss in the American grasslands by developing a rich integration of information on human- environment systems. It extends a focus on measuring individual and household level change in new settlement areas, to the analysis of mature communities under conditions of climate stress and globalization. By implication, this approach demands a greater realism in understanding the economic factors and a long run view of the dynamics of change. To study the vulnerability of people and landscapes under stress, the project will pilot the creation a one-of-a-kind dataset on people, farms and landscapes: gathering individual level information from Kansas State agricultural census rolls, land parcel and mortgage lending information from deed registers, land cover data from a time series of aerial photographs, soil quality from digital soil surveys, and weather data from historical climate datasets. As drought revisited the region in the 1950s and 1970s, the State of Kansas continued to conduct annual censuses of agriculture. The proposed dataset will be the first of its kind to develop high-resolution multigenerational histories of population and land use change and integrate them with spatially explicit information on land cover, soil quality, climate, capital formation, market prices and participation in government programs. This synthetic approach will allow for the testing of the hypotheses from both household-centered and vulnerability-assessment theory about the impact of population loss on livelihood strategies and adaptive capacity, and contribute to the broader science of identifying thresholds of change in human-environment systems. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The project will explore the relationship between environment and population loss in a multigenerational and life history framework. It will build a unique integrated database of public health data that links nominal microdata on people, farms and land ownership in a nested data structure. This research will enhance shared knowledge of the determinants of community preparedness and recovery, under economic and environmental stress, essential to sustaining healthy inter-relationships of physical and social environments in the United States.

描述（由申请人提供）：很少有事件像美国沙尘暴那样对全球了解人类引起的环境变化如此重要。该应用程序请求支持通过开发人类环境系统信息的丰富集成来探索美国草原环境与人口流失之间的关系。它将重点放在衡量新定居地区个人和家庭水平的变化，以及分析气候压力和全球化条件下的成熟社区。言外之意，这种方法需要更加现实地理解经济因素以及对变化动态的长期看法。为了研究人类和景观在压力下的脆弱性，该项目将试点创建一个关于人类、农场和景观的独一无二的数据集：从堪萨斯州农业人口普查卷、地块和抵押贷款信息中收集个人层面的信息来自契约登记册的土地覆盖数据来自航空照片的时间序列、来自数字土壤调查的土壤质量以及来自历史气候数据集的天气数据。 20 世纪 50 年代和 1970 年代，该地区再次遭遇干旱，堪萨斯州继续进行年度农业普查。拟议的数据集将是同类中第一个开发人口和土地利用变化的高分辨率多代历史并将其与土地覆盖、土壤质量、气候、资本形成、市场价格和参与政府计划。这种综合方法将能够检验以家庭为中心的理论和脆弱性评估理论关于人口流失对生计策略和适应能力的影响的假设，并有助于更广泛的科学确定人类环境系统变化的阈值。公共卫生相关性：该项目将在多代和生活史框架中探讨环境与人口流失之间的关系。它将建立一个独特的公共卫生数据综合数据库，将有关人员、农场和土地所有权的名义微观数据链接到嵌套数据结构中。这项研究将加强对经济和环境压力下社区准备和恢复决定因素的共享知识，这对于维持美国自然和社会环境的健康相互关系至关重要。