Role of environmental conditioning in responses to alcohol in humans

环境调节在人类酒精反应中的作用

基本信息

批准号：
8427324
负责人：
EMMA CHILDS
金额：
$ 17.23万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2012
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2012-02-15 至 2015-01-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8427324
关键词：
Abstinence Acute Alcohol abuse Alcohol consumption Alcohol dependence Alcoholic beverage heavy drinker Alcohols American Association Learning Attention Behavior Behavior Control Behavioral Cognitive Consumption Cues Data Decision Making Development Double-Blind Method Environment Euphoria Female Glass Heavy Drinking Human Individual Laboratories Measures Modeling Moods Participant Performance Pharmaceutical Preparations Physiological Placebos Procedures Process Questionnaires Relapse Relative (related person)Reporting Research Rewards Role Sedation procedure Short-Term Memory Societies Staging Techniques Testing alcohol effect alcohol exposure alcohol relapse alcohol response alcohol reward cognitive control conditioning cost craving drinking drug of abuse effective therapy experience male pre-clinical problem drinker response therapy design

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Learned associations between alcohol and the places where drinking occurs (called contextual conditioning) are important at every stage of alcohol abuse and addiction. Contextual conditioning can trigger craving and relapse even after long periods of abstinence. It may also influence drinking by potentiating the subjectively rewarding effects of alcohol, and it may contribute to a loss of control over drinking by impairing the cognitive control of behavior in the alcohol conditioned environment. Thus, an understanding of the development and persistence of conditioning is essential to developing effective treatments for alcohol abuse. In our laboratory, we have developed a model to measure contextual drug associations in humans. Here, we will use the model to study how contextual associations with alcohol are established in healthy moderate drinkers, how they influence acute subjective responses to alcohol, and how they alter cognitive behaviors in the drug-taking environment. Aim 1 will assess conditioned liking of a place where participants consistently consumed alcohol, compared to placebo. Aim 2 will investigate how the acute subjective effects of alcohol are changed by consumption in a consistent environment. Aim 3 will assess working memory and response inhibition in a place paired with alcohol consumption relative to a place paired with placebo. Data from this study will provide a better understanding of how alcohol becomes associated with the places where it is consumed and the mechanisms by which contextual conditioning could influence drinking in the environment. This information can then be applied to design treatments aimed at breaking these associations or dampening their effects to reduce excessive drinking and relapse.

描述（由申请人提供）：酒精与发生饮酒的地方（称为上下文调节）之间的学识渊博的关联在酗酒和成瘾的每个阶段都很重要。即使在节制长时间后，上下文调节也会引发渴望和复发。它也可能通过增强酒精的主观奖励作用来影响饮酒，并且可能通过在酒精条件环境中损害行为的认知控制来导致对饮酒的控制丧失。因此，对调节的发展和持久性的理解对于开发有效的酗酒治疗方法至关重要。在我们的实验室中，我们开发了一个模型来衡量人类的上下文药物关联。在这里，我们将使用该模型来研究如何在健康的中度饮酒者中建立与酒精的上下文关联，如何影响对酒精的急性主观反应以及如何改变吸毒环境中的认知行为。 AIM 1将评估与安慰剂相比，参与者始终喝酒的地方的条件喜欢。 AIM 2将调查在一致的环境中消费如何通过消费改变酒精的急性主观影响。 AIM 3将在与安慰剂配对的地方配对的地方评估工作记忆和反应抑制。这项研究的数据将更好地了解酒精如何与消耗的地方以及上下文调节可能影响环境饮酒的机制相关联。然后，这些信息可以应用于旨在打破这些关联或抑制其影响以减少饮酒和复发的效果的设计治疗方法。