Social Buffering Over the Pubertal Transition

青春期过渡的社会缓冲

基本信息

批准号：
10395470
负责人：
Megan R Gunnar
金额：
$ 60.32万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2019
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2019-05-01 至 2024-11-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10395470
关键词：
14 year old Address Adolescence Adolescent Adult Affective Amygdaloid structure Attention Autonomic nervous system Brain Brain region Buffers Child Childhood Coupling Development Effectiveness Evaluation Event Failure Friends Fright Goals Hormones Human Development Hydrocortisone Hypothalamic structure Individual Insula of Reil Intervention Knowledge Mammals Measures Mediating Mental Health Mood Disorders Neurobiology Neurosecretory Systems Nurses Oxytocin Pain Parents Participant Pathology Patient Self-Report Pattern Physiological Pituitary Gland Process Psyche structure Puberty Regulation Research Risk Role Safety Salivary Sex Differences Social support Staging Stimulus Stress Stressful Event System Teenagers Testing Testosterone Time Work Youth attenuation biological adaptation to stress boys conditioned fear dehydroepiandrosterone early adolescence effective intervention experience experimental study girls improved indexing neural neuromechanism peer peripubertal period puberty transition resilience response social social relationships social stress stress management stress reactivity stressor urinary vulnerable adolescent

项目摘要

The effectiveness of social buffering in regulating stress appears to wane for a period with puberty at the same time that stress-reactivity increases and young adolescents become more vulnerable to stress-related affective pathology. However, there is a dearth of knowledge regarding the neural underpinnings of social buffering in children and the changes in neural responses to potential social buffers with puberty. Two of the proposed experiments address this gap in knowledge. In addition, to date, the loss of social buffering effectiveness with puberty has primarily been examined using activity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) axis as the stress measure. All three proposed experiments will examine the pervasiveness of the effect by examining sympathetic and parasympathetic responses, in addition to salivary cortisol. Urinary oxytocin will also be examined because of its role as an anti-stress hormone. Finally, the effectiveness of parents and friends as social buffers during the peripubertal period has only been examined for social evaluative stressors. The proposed experiments will determine whether the loss of social buffering also extends to threat stimuli as it does in adults and to situations in which two friends are both experiencing the stressful event together. Finally, all three proposed studies will explore whether puberty is associated with an emergence of sex differences in social buffering by parents and friends. Participants will be 11-14 years old and Tanner staging by nurse exam along with self-report and testosterone and DHEA will index pubertal status. Our prior research uncovered the waning of the effectiveness of parents to serve as social buffers of the HPA axis over the pubertal transition and the concomitant failure of friends to “step in” as stress buffers. The proposed experiments are the logical extension of this work. The results will have the potential to drive significant attention to the role of developmental disruptions in social stress buffering as possible contributing factors in the rise of affective problems in the early teen years.

在一段时间内，社会缓冲在调节压力方面的有效性似乎会减弱青春期的同时，压力反应性增加，青少年变得更加容易受到与压力相关的情感病理的影响然而，我们缺乏相关知识。关于儿童社交缓冲的神经基础以及神经的变化对青春期潜在社会缓冲的反应提出的两个实验解决了这一问题。此外，迄今为止，青春期社会缓冲效力的丧失。主要通过下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺皮质 (HPA) 的活动进行检查所有三个提议的实验都将检验压力的普遍性。除了唾液之外，还通过检查交感神经和副交感神经反应来确定效果皮质醇也将被检查，因为它具有抗应激激素的作用。最后，父母和朋友在青春期前后作为社交缓冲的有效性只检查了社会评价压力源。确定社交缓冲的丧失是否也会像成人那样延伸到威胁刺激以及两个朋友一起经历压力事件的情况。所有三项拟议的研究都将探讨青春期是否与性的出现有关参与者的年龄为 11-14 岁，并且父母和朋友的社交缓冲能力存在差异。由护士检查进行的 Tanner 分期以及自我报告以及睾酮和 DHEA 将索引我们之前的研究发现，父母的有效性正在减弱。在青春期过渡和随之而来的失败中充当 HPA 轴的社会缓冲区朋友们“介入”作为压力缓冲器。所提出的实验是逻辑延伸。这项工作的结果将有可能引起人们对这一作用的极大关注。社会压力缓冲的发育障碍可能是导致儿童患病率上升的因素青少年早期的情感问题。