Vocal exploration and interaction in the emergence of speech

语音出现时的声音探索和交互

• 批准号: 8416901
• 负责人: D. KIMBROUGH OLLER
• 金额: $ 53.95万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MEMPHIS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-03-03 至 2016-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8416901
• 关键词: Acoustics; Address; Affect; Age; Age-Months; Auditory; Autistic Disorder; Awareness; Birth; Caregivers; Categories; Characteristics; Child; Code; Computers; Data; Data Analyses; Data Collection; Data Set; Databases; Development; Dimensions; Equipment and supply inventories; Evaluation; Foundations; Grant; Growth; Hearing; Home environment; Hour; Human; Human body; Impact evaluation; Infant; Intervention; Laboratories; Laboratory Finding; Language; Language Delays; Language Development; Learning; Life; Longitudinal Studies; Measurement; Measures; Mediation; Methods; Modeling; Monitor; Neural Network Simulation; Outcome; Outcome Measure; Parents; Pattern; Perception; Play; Process; Reaction; Reaction Time; Recurrence; Research; Role; Sample Size; Sampling; Site; Social Development; Social Functioning; Socioeconomic Status; Speech; Staging; System; Technology; Testing; Time; Training; Video Recording; Work; analytical tool; base; diaries; evaluation/testing; improved; innovation; public health relevance; rapid growth; response; social; sound; theories; tool; vocalization

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): We propose longitudinal and microgenetic evaluation of early human vocalizations as a foundation for speech. The work starts with focus on typical vocal development within an evolutionarily-informed, dynamic systems framework illuminating key features of vocal development. The work proceeds to test the key features in terms of their roles in predicting development and anomalies of development (autism, language delay). The basic work focuses on: 1) the infant tendency to actively explore vocalization, creating and systematically repeating categories (at first, squeals, growls, vowel-like sounds, etc.) that become increasingly speech-like across the 1st year, 2) the infant tendency to engage in interaction using those categories; 3) the caregiver tendency to attend to infant vocalization and recognize both the infant vocal categories and how they express infant state and social functions; and 4) the dynamic interaction, where caregiver and infant respond systematically to vocalizations and modulate reactions in ways that are specific to the infant vocal categories and their functions. This work breaks ground by: 1) focusing in much more detail than in prior work on the vocal categories that form the fulcrum of caregiver-infant vocal interaction, affecting both vocalizations and their social functions; 2) improving perspectives on change through microgenetic approaches with computer-interactive diary data from caregivers, extensive laboratory recordings, and all-day recordings in the home; 3) enhancing perspectives on both infant and caregiver vocalizations through sophisticated coding of both lab and home recordings by trained observers and acoustic analysts across many dimensions of action during the 1st 30 months of life; 4) exploiting advanced quantitative tools (lag sequential analysis, recurrence quantification analysis, and neural network modeling) to facilitate rapid and insightful processing of vocalization data; and 5) providing automated analysis of infant vocal categories and caregiver vocal reactions at unprecedented scales (thousands of hours of naturalistic recording) informed and validated by an extensive body of human coded and acoustically analyzed data. These approaches will yield extraordinary potential impact by providing an empirical typically-developing reference point for developmental interpretation. Impact studies will test the key variables of vocal category development and interaction determined by the research using automated analytical tools also produced in the research as predictors of 1) development, 2) differentiation of three groups of children (typically developing, autistic, language delayed), and 3) outcome measures of language and social development in an existing database including 1486 all-day recordings.

描述（由申请人提供）：我们提出对早期人发声的纵向和微遗传学评估，作为语音的基础。这项工作始于关注典型的人声发展，在进化明智的，动态的系统框架中阐明了声音发展的关键特征。这项工作从预测发展和发展异常（自闭症，语言延迟）方面的角色来测试关键特征。基本工作的重点是：1）婴儿趋势积极探索发声，创造和系统地重复类别（首先，尖叫，咆哮，类似元音的声音等），在整个第一年中变得越来越类似于语音，2）使用这些类别从事互动的趋势； 3）护理人员倾向于参加婴儿发声，并认识到婴儿的声音类别以及它们如何表达婴儿状态和社会功能； 4）动态互动，在这种互动中，照顾者和婴儿对发声和以婴儿声音类别及其功能为特定的方式进行了系统的反应并调节反应。这项工作通过：1）比以前的工作更详细地介绍了构成护理人员互动互动的声音类别，从而影响了声音及其社交功能； 2）通过微源方法通过计算机相互作用的日记，从照料者，广泛的实验室记录和家庭中的全天记录来改善对变化的观点； 3）通过训练有素的观察者和声学分析师在生命的第1个30个月中，通过训练有素的观察者和声学分析师对实验室和家庭录音的复杂编码来增强对婴儿和照顾者发声的看法； 4）利用高级定量工具（滞后顺序分析，复发量化分析和神经网络建模），以促进声音数据的快速而有见地的处理； 5）在前所未有的量表（数千个小时的自然记录）中，对婴儿声音类别和护理人员的声音反应进行自动分析，并通过大量人类编码和声学分析的数据进行了验证和验证。这些方法将通过为发展解释提供经验性的参考点，从而产生极大的潜在影响。影响研究将测试由研究中使用自动分析工具确定的声音类别开发和相互作用的关键变量，这也是研究的预测因素，是1）开发的预测因素，2）分化三组儿童（通常是发展，自闭症，语言延迟，延迟）和3）结果，包括1486年全天记录的现有数据库中的语言和社会发展。