HIV Prevention Trials Network: Network Laboratory

HIV 预防试验网络：网络实验室

• 批准号: 8284345
• 负责人: SUSAN H ESHLEMAN
• 金额: $ 503.76万
• 依托单位: JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-06-01 至 2013-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8284345
• 关键词: AIDS prevention; Adolescent; Africa; Africa South of the Sahara; Americas; Asia; Behavioral; Biological; Clinical Trials Unit; Cocaine; Communities; Country; Detection; Developing Countries; Drug usage; Ethics; Europe; Funding; Global Change; HIV; HIV Infections; HIV prevention trials network; Heterosexuals; IMPAACT; Incidence; Incidence Study; Infant; Infection; Injection of therapeutic agent; International; Intervention; Investments; Laboratories; Leadership; Methamphetamine; Mission; Mothers; Needle Sharing; Perinatal; Persons; Population; Populations at Risk; Prevention; Prevention Research; Prevention strategy; Public Health; Public Health Practice; Randomized Controlled Trials; Recruitment Activity; Research; Resources; Risk; Risk Reduction; Sexually Transmitted Diseases; Site; Substance Addiction; Technology; Testing; Vaccines; Viral Load result; antiretroviral therapy; design; experience; high risk; men who have sex with men; microbicide; novel; prevent; substance abuse treatment; substance abuser; transmission process

The mission of the HIV Prevention Trials Network (HPTN) is to discover and develop interventions that can be used globally to prevent sexual and/or parenteral transmission of HIV. Our research encompasses the testing of novel biomedical and behavioral approaches. We seek HIV prevention strategies that are effective, safe, feasible, and sustainable, even in resource-limited settings. The incumbent HPTN has built field site research capacity in 16 developing countries. In the International HIVNET and the HPTN, we have recruited 31,250 HIV uninfected (principally) and infected persons into 38 trials (19,500 by the incumbent HPTN since 1999). Subjects are almost exclusively high risk, including adolescents and acutely infected persons. Focusing on resource-constrained countries in Africa, Asia, So. America, and E. Europe, as well as high incidence populations in the U.S., our highest impact trials have literally changed global public health practice, as with HIVNET 012 for the prevention of mother-to-infant HIV transmission. We are dividing the current HPTN agenda into three parts, our perinatal group partnering to create IMPAACT and the microbicide group spearheading MTN. Hence, the new HPTN focus is fourfold: (1) antiretroviral therapy and co-infection therapy for viral load reduction and prevention of HIV transmission; (2) treatment of sexually transmitted infections (STI) to lower HIV transmission risk; (3) treatment of substance abuse and addiction, including injection drug use and stimulants (cocaine and methamphetamines) to reduce HIV transmission; and (4) behavioral risk reduction with biological endpoints. We use randomized controlled trials with HIV incidence endpoints in uninfected persons. For prevention research among acutely and chronically HIV- infected persons, we study incidence of non-HIV STIs, lowering of HIV viral load, and/or HIV incidence in sexual or needle-sharing partners. We propose to complete five ongoing HPTN trials and to transition an additional six ongoing HPTN trials to IMPAACT and MTN networks, if funded. We present eight new trial concepts, five for prevention of HIV infection, one for detection and intervention among acutely infected persons (pre-seroconversion), and two focused on prevention among HIV-seropositive persons. Our risk populations include high risk heterosexuals, men who have sex with men, substance abusers, and, for selected trials, their sexual or needle-sharing partners. Our proposed affiliated Clinical Trials Units serve at- risk populations on five continents, especially sub-Saharan Africa and the U.S. The HPTN Leadership Group is experienced and diverse and includes experienced ethics experts and community leaders. HPTN governance is designed to develop and complete trials efficiently. We emphasize concepts of high potential public health impact, focusing on existing technologies that can be brought immediately into practice. Therefore, our agenda is complementary to long-term investments (finding a cure, vaccine, or microbicide).

HIV 预防试验网络 (HPTN) 的使命是发现和开发能够 在全球范围内用于预防艾滋病毒的性传播和/或肠外传播。我们的研究涵盖 测试新颖的生物医学和行为方法。我们寻求有效的艾滋病毒预防策略， 即使在资源有限的环境中也是安全、可行和可持续的。现任HPTN已建成现场站点 16 个发展中国家的研究能力。在国际 HIVNET 和 HPTN 中，我们招募了 31,250 名 HIV 未感染者（主要是）和感染者参加了 38 项试验（自 19,500 名由现任 HPTN 招募） 1999）。受试者几乎都是高风险人群，包括青少年和急性感染者。 重点关注非洲、亚洲等资源紧张国家。美国、东欧以及高 就美国的发病人群而言，我们影响最大的试验确实改变了全球公共卫生 实践，如 HIVNET 012 用于预防母婴艾滋病毒传播。我们正在划分 目前的 HPTN 议程分为三个部分，我们的围产期小组合作创建 IMPAACT 和 杀微生物剂小组是 MTN 的带头人。因此，新的 HPTN 重点有四个：(1) 抗逆转录病毒治疗和 减少病毒载量和预防艾滋病毒传播的合并感染治疗； (2)性治疗 传播感染（STI）以降低艾滋病毒传播风险； (3) 药物滥用和成瘾的治疗， 包括注射吸毒和兴奋剂（可卡因和甲基苯丙胺）以减少艾滋病毒传播； (4) 通过生物学终点降低行为风险。我们使用 HIV 随机对照试验 未感染者的发病率终点。用于急性和慢性艾滋病毒感染者的预防研究 感染者，我们研究非 HIV 性传播感染的发病率、HIV 病毒载量的降低和/或 HIV 发病率 性伴侣或共用针头的伴侣。我们建议完成五项正在进行的 HPTN 试验并过渡 如果资助的话，另外六项正在进行的针对 IMPAACT 和 MTN 网络的 HPTN 试验。我们提出八个新的试验 概念，五个用于预防艾滋病毒感染，一个用于急性感染者的检测和干预 人（血清转化前），其中两个重点关注艾滋病毒血清阳性者的预防。我们的风险 人群包括高风险异性恋者、男男性行为者、药物滥用者，以及 选定的试验，他们的性伴侣或共用针头的伴侣。我们提议的附属临床试验单位服务于- 五大洲的危险人群，特别是撒哈拉以南非洲地区和美国 HPTN 领导小组 经验丰富且多元化，包括经验丰富的道德专家和社区领袖。 HPTN 治理旨在有效地开发和完成试验。我们强调高潜力的概念 公共卫生影响，重点关注可以立即付诸实践的现有技术。 因此，我们的议程是对长期投资（寻找治疗方法、疫苗或杀菌剂）的补充。

项目成果

Using tests for recent infection to estimate incidence: problems and prospects for HIV.

使用近期感染检测来估计发病率：艾滋病毒的问题和前景。

• 发表时间: 2010
• 期刊: Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin
• 作者: Welte,A;McWalter,TA;Laeyendecker,O;Hallett,TB
• 通讯作者: Hallett,TB

The microbicide tenofovir does not inhibit nucleic acid amplification tests for detection of Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae in urine samples.

杀菌剂替诺福韦不会抑制用于检测尿液样本中沙眼衣原体和淋病奈瑟菌的核酸扩增测试。

• DOI: 10.1128/jcm.01867-07
• 发表时间: 2008
• 期刊: Journal of clinical microbiology
• 影响因子: 9.4
• 作者: Wood,BillieJo;Rizzo-Price,Patricia;Holden,Jeff;Hardick,Andrew;Quinn,ThomasC;Gaydos,CharlotteA
• 通讯作者: Gaydos,CharlotteA

Opiate-positive immunoassay screen in a pediatric patient.

儿科患者阿片阳性免疫分析筛查。

• DOI: 10.1373/clinchem.2009.137596
• 发表时间: 2010
• 期刊: Clinical chemistry
• 影响因子: 9.3
• 作者: Straseski,JoelyA;Stolbach,Andrew;Clarke,William
• 通讯作者: Clarke,William

Estimating HIV Incidence in Populations Using Tests for Recent Infection: Issues, Challenges and the Way Forward.

使用近期感染检测估算人群中的艾滋病毒发病率：问题、挑战和前进之路。

• 发表时间: 2010
• 期刊: Journal of HIV AIDS surveillance & epidemiology
• 作者: Mastro,TimothyD;Kim,AndreaA;Hallett,Timothy;Rehle,Thomas;Welte,Alex;Laeyendecker,Oliver;Oluoch,Tom;Garcia-Calleja,JesusM
• 通讯作者: Garcia-Calleja,JesusM

Can HIV incidence testing be used for evaluating HIV intervention programs? A reanalysis of the Orange Farm male circumcision trial (ANRS-1265).

• DOI: 10.1186/1471-2334-10-137
• 发表时间: 2010-05-27
• 期刊: BMC infectious diseases
• 影响因子: 3.7
• 作者: Fiamma A;Lissouba P;Amy OE;Singh B;Laeyendecker O;Quinn TC;Taljaard D;Auvert B
• 通讯作者: Auvert B